Identyfikatory
Warianty tytułu
Języki publikacji
Abstrakty
Nanoparticles from a HD-Diesel engine and their composition were investigated in the present paper. Three variants of fuel additivities were applied to allow the balances of certain tracer-substances after the tests: 2% of additives-free lube oil; 2% of market lube oil with additive package and Fe-based regeneration additive (FBC) with 40 ppm Fe. The analysed SMPS particle size distributions indicated that by blending of the market lube oil to the fuel the combined effects of metals or metal oxides from the additive packages and of the heavy HC’s from the lube oil matrix contribute the most to the increase of nuclei mode. From the masses of Fe, Zn and Ca, which were introduced with the fuel, only parts were found as integral masses at all ELPI-stages – Fe 43.5%, Zn 36.6%, Ca 65.5%. The majority of mass of some metals, or metal oxides emissions on ELPI-stages (up to 80%) is in the size ranges below 100 nm.
Czasopismo
Rocznik
Tom
Strony
3--10
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 15 poz., wykr.
Twórcy
autor
- Laboratorium for IC-Engines and Exhaust Gas Control, University of Applied Sciences Biel-Bienne, Switzerland
autor
- Technik Thermische Maschinen (TTM), Switzerland
autor
- EMPA, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Material Testing and Research, Switzerland
Bibliografia
- [1] Merkisz, J., Pielecha, J., Radzimirski, S. New Trends in Emission Control in the European Union. Springer 2014, VIII, 170 p. 131 illus. ISSN 2194-8119, ISBN 978-3-319-02704-3.
- [2] Mathis, U., Kaegi, R., Mohr, M., Zenobi, R. TEM analysis of volatile nanoparticles from particle trap equipped diesel and direct-injection spark-ignition vehicles. Atmospheric Environment 38 (2004) 4347-4355, April 2004.
- [3] Liati, A., Schreiber, D., Dimopoulos Eggenschwiler, P., Dasilva, Y.A.R. Metal Particle Emissions in the Exhaust Stream of Diesel Engines: An Electron Microscope Study. Environmental Science & Technology, 2013, 47, 14495-14501.
- [4] Mayer, A., Czerwinski, J., Matter, U., Wyser, M., Scheidegger; Kieser, D., Weidhofer: VERT: Diesel Nano-Particulate Emissions: Properties and Reduction Strategies. SAE Technical Paper Nr. 980539, Feburary 1998.
- [5] Mayer, A., Czerwinski, J., Ulrich, A., Wichser, A., Kasper, M., Mooney, J. Metal-Oxide Particles in Combustion Engines Exhaust. SAE Technical Paper 2010-01-0792.
- [6] Mayer, A., Czerwinski, J., Kasper, M., Ulrich, A., Mooney, J.J. Metal Oxide Particle Emissions from Diesel and Petrol Engines. SAE Technical Paper 2012-01-0841.
- [7] Buchholz, B.A., Dibble R.W., Rich, D., Cheng, A.S. Quantifying the contribution of lubrication oil carbon to particulate emissions from a diesel engine. SAE Technical Paper Nr. 2003-01-1987.
- [8] Bardasz, E.A., Cowling, S., Panesar, A., Durham, J., Tadrous, T.N. Effects of lubricant derived chemistries on performance of the catalyzed diesel particulate filters. SAE Technical Paper 2005-01-2168.
- [9] Vaaraslahti, K., Keskinen, J., Giechaskiel, B. Solla, A., Murtonen, T., Vesala, H. Effect of lubricant on the formation of heavy-duty diesel exhaust nanoparticles. Environmental Science & Technology, 2005, 39 (21), 8497-8504.
- [10] Kasper, M., Matter, U., Burtscher, H. NanoMet: On-Line Characterization of Nanoparticle Size and Composition. SAE Technical Paper 2000-01-1998.
- [11] Mayer, A., Ulrich, A., Czerwinski, J., Matter, U., Wyser, M. Retention of Fuel Borne Catalyst Particles by Diesel Particle Filter Systems. SAE Technical Paper 2003-01-0287.
- [12] Testing particle filter systems for internal combustion engines. Swiss Norm SN 277 206, Febr. 2011.
- [13] Marjamäki, M., Ntziachristos, L., Virtanen, A., Ristimäki, J. et al., "Electrical Filter Stage for the ELPI," SAE Technical Paper 2002-01-0055, 2002, doi:10.4271/2002-01-0055.
- [14] http://www.dekati.com
- [15] Järvinen, A., Aitomaa, M., Rostedt, A., Keskinen, J., Yli-Ojanperä, J. Calibration of the new Electrical Low Pressure Impactor (ELPI+). Journal of Aerosol Science, vol 69, pp. 150-159.
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-365493c1-26e5-4f23-a665-59b614cc6953