Carbon Footprint Analysis of Cocoa Product Indonesia Using Life Cycle Assessment Methods

• Autorzy: Dianawati , Indrasti Nastiti S. , Ismayana Andes , Yuliasi Indah , Djatna Taufik

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.12911/22998993/164750

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

The production of cocoa beans in Indonesia into chocolate and other cocoa-derived products produces emissions that pollute the environment. This research aimed to calculate the carbon footprint of the cocoa agroindustry using the Life Cycle Assessment approach in Lampung, Indonesia. The LCA under study is within the scope of Cradle to Grave, starting from nurseries_cocoa plantations_dry cocoa beans_chocolate production_retail, and consumers with emission function units per 1 kg of product. The method refers to the ISO 14040:2006 life cycle assessment standard, with the stages of determining objectives and scope, inventory analysis, impact assessment, and interpretation of recommendations. Primary data was analyzed using Simapro 9.4.0.2 Software. Secondary data was collected through a literature study. Data analysis shows the highest environmental impact after normalization resulting from four activities: packaging, transportation from industry to marketing office, and transportation from marketing office to retail. The highest environmental impact is generated by industrial activities, with a total emission of 2.57E^-10 per kg of dark chocolate. In this study, GWP 100a emissions from cocoa agroforestry and agroindustry activities within the scope of the Cradle to Grave study were 7.31E⁺⁰¹ kg CO_2-eq per kg dark chocolate. In addition, selecting the type of packaging is an indicator that must be considered. Using a combination of aluminum foil, paper, and cardboard as packaging causes the second highest emission in the packaging sub-process after transportation from industry to marketing office in industrial activities. It is the 4^th highest of all activities. One of the reasons for the high emissions produced in the final product or cocoa consumed by consumers is no longer in doubt. On the basis of normalization activities, the highest environmental impacts were generated by industrial activities, with a total emission of 2.57E^-10. The use of packaging in packaging and fuel activities in transportation from industry to marketing office activities, industrial activities also use quite a large amount of electrical energy, namely 421.91 kWh. Recommendations for improvement can be identified to reduce the GHG impact and increase energy efficiency. Energy-saving sustainablemethods constitute a challenge for the cocoa agroindustry because they positively impact the reduction of the global warming potential.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

carbon footprint; cocoa product; emission; global warming potential; life cycle assessment

• Wydawca: Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej ; Lublin University of Technology
• Czasopismo: Journal of Ecological Engineering
• Rocznik: 2023
• Tom: Vol. 24, nr 7
• Strony: 187--197
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 40 poz., rys., tab.

Twórcy

autor

Dianawati

• Agroindustrial Engineering Study Program of Graduate School, IPB University, Jl. Raya Dramaga Kampus IPB Dramaga Bogor, 16680, West Java, Indonesia

• https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0483-7978

autor

Indrasti Nastiti S.

• Department of Agricultural Industrial Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering & Technology, IPB University, Raya Dramaga Street, Babakan, Dramaga, Bogor, 16680, Indonesia

• https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2898-4035

autor

Ismayana Andes

• Department of Agricultural Industrial Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering & Technology, IPB University, Raya Dramaga Street, Babakan, Dramaga, Bogor, 16680, Indonesia

• https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1683-3093

autor

Yuliasi Indah

• Department of Agricultural Industrial Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering & Technology, IPB University, Raya Dramaga Street, Babakan, Dramaga, Bogor, 16680, Indonesia

• https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4316-7500

autor

Djatna Taufik

• Department of Agricultural Industrial Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering & Technology, IPB University, Raya Dramaga Street, Babakan, Dramaga, Bogor, 16680, Indonesia

• https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2071-089X

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