Powiadomienia systemowe
- Sesja wygasła!
Tytuł artykułu
Wybrane pełne teksty z tego czasopisma
Identyfikatory
Warianty tytułu
Języki publikacji
Abstrakty
Burning mine waste dumps release gases of significant content of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The main objective of the study was to determine the PAHs concentrations in gas sampled from the burning mine waste dump located in Ruda Śląska, Upper Silesia, Poland (N 50°16′46.2″; E 18°51′02.4″). Determination of the level of PAHs content in gas released from burning mine waste dumps is essential for an assessment of its potential environmental risk to human health and the environment. Gas sampling was conducted in 2011 using fixed sorbent type polyurethane foam with a quartz fiber filter and the aspirator. Burning zones were selected based on the assessment of a thermal activity, i.e., measurements of surface and subsurface (at the depth of 1 m) temperatures and determination of the composition of gas at the depth of 1 m (CO2, CO and O2 content). The techniques of pressure-liquid extraction and liquid chromatography (HPLC) with a fluorescence detector (FLD) were applied in the analyses of the samples. The Hierarchical Clustering Analysis enabled to explore the differences between the gaseous samples collected in five burning zones. The average total sum of PAHs content was 2.22 mg/m3. Naphthalene, fluorene and phenanthrene were the main components detected in gas samples, which is associated with their high volatility, when compared to other PAHs compounds. The heaviest PAHs (benzo[a]anthracene, chrysene, benzo[b]fluoranthene, benzo[k]fluoranthene, benzo[a]pyrene,dibenzo[a,h]anthracene, benzo[g,h,i]perylene and indeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene) In all tested samples were not detected which may be attributed to decreasing evaporation with increasing molecular mass.
Czasopismo
Rocznik
Tom
Strony
239--254
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 31 poz., rys., tab.
Twórcy
autor
- Central Mining Institute Department of Energy Saving and Air Protection Plac Gwarków 1 40-166 Katowice Poland
autor
- Central Mining Institute Department of Environment Engineering Plac Gwarków 1 40-166 Katowice Poland
autor
- Central Mining Institute Department of Post-Industrial Sites and Waste Management Plac Gwarków 1 40-166 Katowice Poland
autor
- University of Silesia Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry Szkolna Street 9 40-007 Katowice Poland
Bibliografia
- [1] J.J. Nam, G.O. Thomas, F.M. Jaward, E. Steinnes, O. Gustafsson, K.C. Jones, Chemosphere, 70, 1596 (2007)
- [2] U.S. EPA (Environmental Protection Agency), Compendium of Methods for the Determination of Toxic Organic Compounds in Ambient Air EPA/625/R-96/010b, Center for Environmental Research Information. Office of Research and Development U.S., Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, OH 45268, 1999
- [3] W. Wentao, M. Bingjun, L. Xiaoxia, L. Yu, T. Shu, Analytical Chimica Acta, 602, 211 (2007)
- [4] M. Howsam and K.C. Jones in A.H. Neilson (Eds) Part 1 PAHs and Related Compounds. The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry vol. 3, Springer–Verlag, Berlin/ Heidelberg, 1998, pp. 2–345
- [5] G.C. Fang, Y.S. Wu, P.P.C. Fu, I.L. Yang, M.H. Chen, Chemosphere, 54, 443 (2004)
- [6] K. Liu, W. Han, W.P. Pan, J.T. Riley, J. Hazard. Mater., 84, 175 (2001)
- [7] L.Y. Zou, W. Zhang, S. Atkiston, Environ. Pollut., 124, 283 (2003)
- [8] M. Trapido, Environ. Pollut., 105, 67 (1999)
- [9] M.J. Smith, T.H. Flowers, H.J. Ducan, J. Alder, Environ. Pollut., 141, 519 (2006)
- [10] P.M. Lemieux, C.C. Lutes, D.A. Santoianni, Prog. Energ. Combust., 30, 1 (2004)
- [11] M. Misz, M. Fabianska, S. Cmiel, Int. J. Coal Geol., 71, 405 (2007)
- [12] M. Misz-Kennan and M. Fabianska, Int. J. Coal Geol., 81, 343 (2010)
- [13] R.M. Falcon, J. S. Afr. Inst. Min. Metall., 86(7), 243 (1986)
- [14] K. Ravindra, R. Sokhi, R. Van Grieken, Atmos. Environ., 42, 2895 (2008)
- [15] A. Sapota, Podstawy i Metody Oceny Srodowiska Pracy, 18, 179 (2002)
- [16] C.E. Boström, P. Gerde, A. Hanberg, B. Jernström, C. Johansson, T. Kyrklund, A. Rannug, M. Törnqvist, K. Victorin, R. Westerholm, Environ. Health Persp., 110, 451 (2002)
- [17] N. Ramirez, A. Cuadras, E. Rovira, R.M. Marce, F. Borrull, Environ. Health Persp., 119, 1110 (2011)
- [18] Polish Geological Institute (PIG), http://www.pgi.gov.pl , accessed January 2013
- [19] U.S. EPA (Environmental Protection Agency), Determination of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Ambient Air Using Gas Chromatography/mass Spectrometry (GC/MS). Compendium of Methods for the Determination of Toxic Organic Compounds in Ambient Air. EPA/625/R-96/010b. Washington, DC: U.S. EPA, Center for Environmental Research Information, 1999
- [20] P. Ruokojarvi, J. Ruuskanen, M. Ettala, P. Rahkonen, J. Tarhanen,. Chemosphere, 31, 899 (1995)
- [21] S.S. Park, Y.J. Kim, H.K. Chang, Atmos. Environ., 36, 2917 (2002)
- [22] K.F. Chang, G.C. Fang, J.C. Chen, Y.S. Wu, Environ. Pollut., 142, 388–396 (2006)
- [23] L. Kaufman and P.J. Rousseeuw Finding groups in data; An introduction to cluster analysis, John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1990
- [24] D.L. Massart and L. Kaufman The interpretation of analytical data by the use of cluster analysis. John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1983
- [25] H.C. Romesburg Cluster analysis for researchers. Lifetime Learning Publications, Belmont, California, 1984
- [26] A. Smolinski, K. Stanczyk, K. Kapusta, N. Howaniec, Water Air Soil Poll., 223, 5745 (2012)
- [27] A. Smolinski, K. Stanczyk, K. Kapusta, N. Howaniec, Water Sci. Technol., 67, 644–650 (2013)
- [28] B.G.M. Vandeginste, D.L. Massart, L.M.C. Buydens, S. De Jong, P.J. Lewi, J. Smeyers-Verbeke Handbook of Chemometrics and Qualimetrics: Part B. Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1998
- [29] W. Vogt, D. Nagel, H. Sator Cluster analysis in clinical chemistry; A model. John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1987
- [30] J.H. Ward Hierarchical grouping to optimize an objective function. J. Am. Statist. Assoc., 58, 236 (1963)
- [31] A. Smolinski, B. Walczak, J.W. Einax, Chemom. Intell. Lab. Syst., 64, 45–54 (2002)
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-32d81197-0307-48ff-9472-e04a19d039c9