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Analysis of the potential of electro-waste as a source of hydrogen to power low-emission vehicle powertrains

Treść / Zawartość
Identyfikatory
Warianty tytułu
Języki publikacji
EN
Abstrakty
EN
The decarbonisation of transport is one of the key aspects in the context of environmental protection. These emissions are particularly noticeable in highly urbanised areas, where the possibility of dispersal of harmful substances is much lower. A way to improve emission factors is the introduction of hydrogen vehicles. Burning hydrogen in engines significantly reduces emissions of harmful substances into the atmosphere compared to the combustion of conventional fuels used today. Hydrogen can be obtained by gasifying waste in a steam atmosphere. Electronic waste is a special type of waste characterised by a high degree of commingling, which makes it difficult to treat. The volume of this type of waste is increasing year on year. As a result of this process, we are able to obtain syngas. This gas, after separation processes, can be a source of hydrogen, an energy carrier that could prove crucial in low-carbon energy or transport applications. This paper presents the results of the gasification of electronic waste, the composition of the syngas obtained in the process and an assessment of the potential of this waste treatment technology to power means of transport.
Czasopismo
Rocznik
Strony
126--133
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 23 poz., 1 rys., wykr.
Twórcy
  • Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Poland
  • PhD student - Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Poland
autor
  • R&D departament, EKO PM Sp. z o.o, Poland
autor
  • Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Poland
Bibliografia
  • [1] Boretti A, Hydrogen internal combustion engines to 2030. Int J Hydrogen Energ. 2020;45(43):23692-23703. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.06.022
  • [2] Chmielewski AG, Wawryniuk K, Antczak J. Separation of syngas components using polymer and metallic membrane. http://www.eko-dok.pl/2012/13.pdf (accessed on 30 April 2023).
  • [3] Doan LTT, Amer Y, Lee S-H, Phuc PNK, Dat LQ. E-waste reverse supply chain: a review and future perspectives. Appl Sci. 2019;9:5195. https://doi.org/10.3390/app9235195
  • [4] European Environment Agency. 2022. www.europarl.europa.eu (accessed on 22.04.2023).
  • [5] Eurostat database. https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/ENV_WASELEE__custom_4322723/default/table?lang=en (accessed on 23.04.2023).
  • [6] Forti V, Baldé CP, Kuehr R, Bel G. The global e-waste monitor 2020: quantities, flows and the circular economy potential. United Nations University (UNU)/United Nations Institute for Training and Research (UNITAR) - co-hosted SCYCLE Programme, International Telecommunication Union (ITU) & International Solid Waste Association (ISWA), Bonn/Geneva/ Rotterdam.
  • [7] Gis M, Gis W. Alternative ways of driving and powering vehicles, Transport Samochodowy, 2015;4:79-95.
  • [8] Gis M, Gis W. The current state and prospects for hydrogenisation of motor transport in Northwestern Europe and Poland. Combustion Engines. 2022;190(3):61-71. https://doi.org/10.19206/CE-144560
  • [9] Gurgul A, Szczepaniak W, Zabłocka-Malicka M. Thermal process of recovery of raw materials from electronic waste - steam gasification, Towards a circular economy Industry perspective. Kulczycka J, Głuc K (ed.). Publishing House IGSMiE PAN; Kraków 2017:41-48.
  • [10] Kai S, Le Q, Zhang T. Separation of hydrogen from syngas using a chemical-looping cycle. Fuel. 2012;98:80-87. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2012.03.020
  • [11] Kotowski JW, Augustynowicz A. A growing position of methanol and hydrogen as energy carriers in the global economy. Combustion Engines. 2009;39(4):61-67. https://doi.org/10.19206/CE-117169
  • [12] Lepage T, Kammoun M, Schmetz Q, Richel A. Biomass-to-hydrogen: A review of main routes production, processes evaluation and techno-economical assessment. Biomass Bioenerg. 2021;144(105920):105920. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2020.105920
  • [13] Li H, Zhang X, Liu L, Wang S, Zhang GQ. Proposal and research on a combined heating and power system integrating biomass partial gasification with ground source heat pump. Energ Convers Manage. 2017;145:158-168. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2017.04.090
  • [14] Mońka P, Szczepaniak W, Zabłocka-Malicka M. Gasification of RAM memory waste. Czasopismo Techniczne. Chemia, 2011;108:119-126.
  • [15] Nowakowski P. Identification of factors affecting the efficiency of the reverse logistics chain of waste electrical and electronic equipment. Knosala R (ed.). Innovations in management and production engineering. T.2 (in Polish). Publishing House of the Polish Society of Production Management. Opole 2017.
  • [16] Nowakowski P, Szwarc K, Supporting of the mobile collection of waste electrical and electronic equipment based on a web application with the integrated database. Conference: Transport Problems - VIII International Conference and V International Symposium of Young Researchers. 2016;801-810.
  • [17] Stepien P, Pulka J, Bialowiec A. Estimation of lower heating value and higher heating value of syngas from carbonized sewage sludge gasification. Ochrona Srodowiska. 2018;40(1): 45-50.
  • [18] Szczepaniak W, Zabłocka-Malicka M, Zielińska A. Method for high-temperature recovery of materials composed of waste and system for high-temperature recovery of materials composed of waste. Patent description PL 235360, 2014.
  • [19] Ściążko M, Smółka B, Wenecki T. Prospects for hydrogen in transport and energy. Nowa Energia. 2018;3:7-11.
  • [20] Tanskanen P. Management and recycling of electronic waste. Acta Mater. 2013;61(3):1001-1011. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2012.11.005
  • [21] Tira H, Gill S, Theinnoi K, Shenker J, Lau C, Tsolakis A et al. The study of simulated biogas on combustion and emission characteristics in compression ignition engines. Combustion Engines. 2010;141(2):47-55. https://doi.org/10.19206/CE-117146
  • [22] Williams PT. Valorization of printed circuit boards from waste electrical and electronic equipment by pyrolysis. Waste Biomass Valori. 2010;1:107-120. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12649-009-9003-0
  • [23] Woynarowska A. Thermal utilization of electronic waste in a fluidized bed reactor. Doctoral Thesis. Publishing House of the Cracow University of Technology. Kraków 2014.
Uwagi
Opracowanie rekordu ze środków MNiSW, umowa nr SONP/SP/546092/2022 w ramach programu "Społeczna odpowiedzialność nauki" - moduł: Popularyzacja nauki i promocja sportu (2024).
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-32ce169d-cba0-479f-9c79-2dcd7008948e
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