Identyfikatory
Warianty tytułu
Języki publikacji
Abstrakty
X-ray radiography was used to quantify evaporation and moisture transfer in a multilayer firefighter protective clothing system with defined wetted layers exposed to low thermal radiation. Evaporation was faster and took place at higher temperatures if the moisture was located in the outer layers of the clothing system. Moisture that evaporated in the outer layers of the clothing system was found to move inwards and condense in the inner layers and on the cap of the measurement cell. Results found in this study correlated well with the findings of our former study based on simple temperature distribution measurements to determine moisture transfer in protective clothing layers at low level thermal radiation.
Wydawca
Rocznik
Tom
Strony
217--229
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 19 poz., rys., tab., wykr.
Twórcy
autor
- Empa – Materials Science and Technology, Laboratory for Protection and Physiology, St. Gallen, Switzerland
autor
- Empa – Materials Science and Technology, Laboratory for Electronics and Metrology, Dubendorf, Switzerland
autor
- Empa – Materials Science and Technology, Laboratory for Protection and Physiology, St. Gallen, Switzerland
Bibliografia
- 1.Keiser C, Becker C, Rossi RM. Moisture transport and absorption in multilayer protective clothing fabrics. Text Res J. 2008:78(7):604–13.
- 2.Makinen H, Smolander J, Vuorinen H. Simulation of the effect of moisture content in underwear and on the skin surface on steam burns of fire fighters. In: Mansdorf SZ, Sager R, Nielsen AP, editors. Performance of protective clothing (ASTM STP 989). West Conshohocken, PA, USA: American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM); 1988. p. 415–21.
- 3.Rossi R, Weder M. Untersuchung des Warme- und Feuchtetransfers bei mehrschichtigen Schutzkleidungen [Analysis of heat and mass transfer in multilayer protective clothing]. In: 5. Dresdner Textiltagung. Dresden, Germany: Institut fur Textil- und Bekleidungstechnik (ITB) of TU Dresden; 2000.
- 4.Schopper-Jochum S, Schubert W, Hocke M. Vergleichende Bewertung des Trageverhaltens von Feuerwehreinsatzjacken (Phase 1) [Comparative assessment of the wearing behaviour of firefighters’ protective clothing (Phase 1)]. Arbeitsmedizin, Sozialmedizin und Umweltmedizin. 1997:32(4).
- 5.Prasad K, Twilley W, Lawson JR. thermal performance of fire fighters protective clothing. 1. numerical study of heat and water vapour transfer. Gaithersburg, MD, USA: National Institute of Standards and Technology, Fire Research Division; 2002.
- 6.Rossi RM, Indelicato E, Bolli W. Hot steam transfer through heat protective clothing layers. International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics (JOSE). 2004;10(3):239–45.
- 7.Chitrphiromsri P, Kuznetsov A. Modeling heat and moisture transport in firefighter protective clothing during flash fire exposure. Int J Heat Mass Transf. 2005;41(3):206–15.
- 8.Keiser C, Rossi RM. Temperature analysis for the prediction of steam formation and transfer in multilayer thermal protective clothing at low level thermal radiation. Text Res J. 2008;78(11):1025–35.
- 9.Weder M, Bruhwiler PA, Laib A. X-ray tomography measurements of the moisture distribution in multilayered clothing systems. Text Res J. 2006;76(1):18–26.
- 10.Roels S, Carmeliet J. Analysis of moisture flow in porous materials using microfocus X-ray radiography. Int J Heat Mass Transf. 2006;49(25–26):4762–72.
- 11.European Committee for Standardization (CEN). Textiles. Determination of physiological properties. Measurement of thermal and water-vapour resistance under steady-state conditions (sweating guarded-hotplate test). (Standard No. EN 31092:1994). Brussels, Belgium: CEN; 1994.
- 12.Rossi RM, Zimmerli T. Influence of humidity on the radiant, convective and contact heat transmission through protective clothing materials. In: Johnson JS, Mansdorf, SZ, editors. Performance of protective clothing (ASTM STP 1237). West Conshohocken, PA, USA: American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM); 1996. p. 269–80.
- 13.International Organization for Standardization (ISO). Textiles—domestic washing and drying procedures for textile testing (Standard No. ISO 6330:2000). Geneva, Switzerland: ISO; 2000.
- 14.Hoschke BN. Standards and specifications for firefighters clothing. Fire Safety Journal. 1981;4(2):125–37.
- 15.Rossi R. Fire fighting and its influence on the body. Ergonomics. 2003;46(10):1017–33.
- 16.Krawiz AD. Introduction to diffraction in materials science and engineering. New York, NY, USA: Wiley; 2001.
- 17.Adler MM, Walsh WK. Mechanisms of transient moisture transport between fabrics. Text Res J. 1984;54(5):334–43.
- 18.Kissa E. Wetting and wicking. Text Res J. 1996;66(10):660–8.
- 19.Spencer-Smith JL. The physical basis of clothing comfort, part 4: the passage of heat and water through damp clothing assemblies. Clothing Research Journal. 1977;5(3):116–28.
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-31c7c60a-883a-421c-80aa-749d89b6e6cf