Coupled energy measurements in multi-core photonic-crystal fibers

• Autorzy: Klimek J.
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

This paper outlines a measurement method of properties of microstructured optical fibers that are useful in sensing applications. Experimental studies of produced photonic-crystal fibers allow for a better understanding of the principles of energy coupling in photonic-crystal fibers. For that purpose, fibers with different filling factors and lattice constants were produced. The measurements demonstrated the influence of the fiber geometry on the coupling level of light between the cores. For a distance between the cores of 15 μm, a very low level (below 2%) of energy coupling was obtained. For a distance of 13 μm, the level of energy transfer toneighboring cores on the order of 2-4% was achieved for a filling factor of 0.29. The elimination of the energycoupling penomenon between the cores was achieved by duplicating the filling factor of the fiber. The coupling level was as high as 22% in the case of fibers with a distance between the cores of 8.5 μm. Our results can be used for microstructured-fiber sensing applications and for transmission-channel switching in liquid-crystal multi-core photonic fibers.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

photonic crystal fibers; multi-core fibers; optical fiber measurements; photonic sensors

• Wydawca: Komitet Metrologii i Aparatury Naukowej PAN
• Czasopismo: Metrology and Measurement Systems
• Rocznik: 2013
• Tom: Vol. 20, nr 4
• Strony: 689--696
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 15 poz., rys., tab., wykr.

Twórcy

autor

Klimek J.

• Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Faculty of Chemistry, Laboratory of Optical Fibers Technology, Sklodowska Sq. 3, 20-031 Lublin, Poland

Bibliografia

• [1] Statkiewicz, G., Martynkien, T., Urbańczyk, W. (2004). Measurements of modal birefringence and polarimetric sensitivity of the birefringent holey fiber to hydrostatic pressure and strain. Optics Communications, 241(4-6), 339-348.
• [2] Wójcik, J., Makara, M., Mergo, P., Janoszczyk, B., Klimek, J. (2006). Microstructured low and high birefringence four core fibers for sensing applications. Proc. SPIE, 6189, 61890B.
• [3] Frazao, O., Santos, J.L., Araújo, F.M., Ferreira, L.A. (2008). Optical sensing with photonic crystal fibers. Laser and Photonics Reviews, 2(6), 449-459.
• [4] Favero, F.C., Araujo, L., Bouwmans, G., Finazzi, V., Villatoro, J., Pruneri, V. (2012). Spheroidal Fabry-Perot microcavities in optical fibers for high-sensitivity sensing. Optics Express, 20(7), 7112-7118.
• [5] Pinto, A.M.R., Lopez-Amo, M. (2012). Photonic Crystal Fibers for Sensing Applications. Journal of Sensors, art. no. 598178, 1-21.
• [6] Kisała, P. (2013). Measurement of the maximum value of non-uniform strain using a temperature-insensitive fibre Bragg grating method. Opto-electronics Review, (21)3, 293-302.
• [7] Woliński, T.R., Szaniawska, K., Ertman, S., Lesiak, P., Domański, A.W., Dąbrowski, R., Nowinowski-Kruszelnicki, E., Wójcik, J. (2006). Influence of temperature and electrical fields on propagation properties of photonic liquid-crystal fibers. Meas. Sci. Technol, 17, 985-991.
• [8] Li, L., Schülzgen, A., Chen, S., Temyanko, V.L., Moloney, J.V., Peyghambarian, N. (2006). Phase locking and in-phase supermode selection in monolithic multicore fiber lasers. Opt. Lett., 31, 2577-2579.
• [9] Kisała, P. (2012). Application of inverse analysis to determine the strain distribution with optoelectronic method insensitive to temperature changes. Applied Optics, (51)16, 3599-3604.
• [10] Mroczka, J. (2013). The cognitive process in metrology. Measurement, 46, 2896-2907.
• [11] Mroczka, J., Wysoczański, D. (2000). Plane-wave and Gaussian-beam scattering on an infinite cylinder. Optical Engineering, 39(3), 763-770.
• [12] Girasole, T. Le Toulouzan, J. N., Mroczka, J., Wysoczanski, D. (1997). Fiber orientation and concentration analysis by light scattering: Experimental setup and diagnosis. Review of Scientific Instruments, 68(7), 2805-2811.
• [13] Girasole, T., Bultynck, H., Gouesbet, G., Gréhan, G., Le Meur, F., Le Toulouzan, J.N., Mroczka, J., Ren, K.F., Rozé, C., Wysoczanski, D. (1997). Cylindrical fibre orientation analysis by light scattering. Part 1: Numerical aspects. Particle and Particle Systems Characterization, 14(4), 163-174.
• [14] Girasole, T., Gouesbet, G., Gréhan, G., Le Toulouzan, J.N., Mroczka, J., Ren, K.F., Wysoczanski, D. (1997). Cylindrical fibre orientation analysis by light scattering. Part 2: Experimental aspects. Particle and Particle Systems Characterization, 14(5), 211-218.
• [15] Mroczka, J. Szczuczyński, D. (2013). Improved technique of retrieving particle size distribution from angular scattering measurements. Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jqsrt.2013.05.030.