Rare earth elements (REE) and thorium in the youngest Pleistocene glacial tills in Poland

• Autorzy: Kwecko P.

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.7306/gq.1295

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

The study encompassed outcrops of glacial tills (topsoil, subsoil-1, subsoil-2) of the maximum stadial of the Vistulian Glaciation and of the Wartanian Stadial of the Odranian Glaciation, occurring along the maximum extent of the Vistulian ice sheet. The youngest Polish glacial tills show very similar concentrations of REE and Th. The concentrations of these elements vary across a wide range from 0.08 mg/kg (Tm and Lu) to 70.3 mg/kg (Ce), with slightly higher values for the older tills (Wartanian). Both these tills show clear fractionation of LREE and HREE, with a higher and more varied LREE concentration. The most prominent feature distinguishing one till from the other is the distribution of REE fractions along their vertical sections. In the younger (Vistulian) tills the maximum concentration of individual LREE is found at a depth of 1.0 m, and of HREE, Sc and Th, at 2.0 m; while in the older (Wartanian) tills the highest concentrations of all elements investigated are observed at a depth of 1.0 m. Also, the mineral compositions of the tills are very alike. The dominant minerals are quartz (average 56%) and feldspars (approximately 9%), with a trend of decreasing concentrations with depth. There are no carbonates in the topsoil (0.3 m level), and the clay minerals are dominated by illite (approximately 16%) and kaolinite (average 5%). Statistical analysis indicates over a dozen factors determining the concentration of REE and Th in both tills. Three of them have a crucial (96% of total variation) effect on the concentrations of these elements. These factors are probably of geogenic nature, intimately associated with similar source areas, and with similar processes of deposition, diagenesis and weathering of the tills.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

REE; glacial tills; Vistulian ice sheet; Wartanian Stadial

• Wydawca: Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
• Czasopismo: Geological Quarterly
• Rocznik: 2016
• Tom: Vol. 60, No. 2
• Strony: 451--460
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 64 poz., mapy, tab., wykr.

Twórcy

autor

Kwecko P.

• Polish Geological Institute - National Research Institute, Rakowiecka 4, 00-975 Warszawa, Poland

Bibliografia

• 1. Anderson, M., Carlsson, M., Landenberger, A., 2014. Geochemical Atlas of Sweden. Geological Survey of Sweden, Uppsala.
• 2. Aubert, D., Stille, P., Probst, A., 2001. REE fractionation during granite weathering and removal by waters and suspended loads: Sr and Nd isotopic evidence. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 65: 387-406.
• 3. Awwiller, D.N., 1994. Geochronology and mass transter in Gulf Coast mudrocks (south-central Texas, USA): Rb-Sr, Sm-Nd and REE systematics. Chemical Geology, 116: 61-84.
• 4. Bojakowska, I., Lech, D., Karmasz, D., 2013. Rare earth elements in lake sediments in Poland. Goldschmidt Conference abstracts, Mineralogical Magazine, 77: 1562.
• 5. Bonnot-Courtois, C., 1981. Géochimie des terres rares dans les principaux milieux de formation et de sédimentation des argiles. Thesis of the University Paris Sud Orsay, Orsay.
• 6. Boulangé, B., Colin, F., 1994. Rare earth element mobility during conversion of nepheline syenite into lateritic bauxite at Passa Quatro, Minais Gerais, Brazil. Applied Geochemistry, 9: 701-711.
• 7. Braun, J.-J., Pagel, M., Mull er, J.-P., Bilong, P., Michard, A., Guillet, B., 1990. Cerium anomalies in lateritic profiles. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 54: 781-795.
• 8. Braun, J.-J., Pagel, M., Herbillon, A., Rosin, C., 1993. Mobilization and redistribution of REEs and Thorium in a syenitic lateritic profile - a mass-balance study. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 57: 4419-4434.
• 9. Charewicz, W., Kowalski, W.W., Polański, A., 1990. Pierwiastki ziem rzadkich. WNT Warszawa, 2: 5-75.
• 10. Chase, J.W., Winchester, J.W., Coryell, C.D., 1963. Lanthanum, europium, and dysprosium distributions in igneous rocks and minerals. Journal of Geophysical Research U.S., 68: 567-575.
• 11. Chen, J., Yang, R., 2010. Analysis on REE geochemical characteristics of three types of REE-rich soil in Guizhou Province, China. Journal of Rare Earths, 28: 517-522.
• 12. Cochran, J.K., Carey, A.E., Sholkovitz, E.R., Surprenant, L.D., 1986. The geochemistry of uranium and thorium in coastal marine sediments and sediment pore waters. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 50: 663-680.
• 13. Compton, J.S., White, R.A., Smith, M., 2003. Rare earth element behavior in soils and salt pan sediments of a semi-arid granitic terrain in the Western Cape, South Africa. Chemical Geology, 201: 239-255.
• 14. De Vos, W., Tarvainen, T., Salminen, R., Reeder, S., De Vivo, B., Demetriades, A., Pirc, S., Batista, M.J., Marsina, K., Ottesen, R.T., O'Connor, P.J., Bidovec, M., Lima, A., Sieweers, U., Smith, B., Taylor, H., Shaw, R., Salpeteur, I., Gregorauskiene, V., Halamic, J., Slaninka, I., Lax, K., Gravesen, P., Birke, M., Breward, N., Ander, E.L., Jordan, G., Duris, M., Klein, P., Locutura, J., Bel-Lan, A., Pasieczna, A., Lis, J., Mazreku, A., Gilucis, A., Heitzmann, P., Klaver, G., Petersell, V., 2006. Geochemical Atlas of Europe Part 2 - Interpretation of Geochemical Maps, Additional Tables, Figures, Maps and Related Publications. Geological Survey of Finland, Espoo, 1-690: 305-310.
• 15. Długosz, J., 2002. Differentiation of the composition of clay minerals in fine clay fraction (<0.2 ^m) of alfisols formed from glacial till, no 104 (in Polish with English summary). University of Science and Technology, Bydgoszcz.
• 16. Duddy, L.R., 1980. Redistribution and fractionation of rare-earth and other elements in a weathering profile. Chemical Geology, 30: 363-381.
• 17. Duczmal-Czernikiewicz, A., 2012. Rare earth elements in selected clay deposits of the Polish Lowland (Neogene). Biuletyn Państwowego Instytutu Geologicznego, 448: 419-430.
• 18. Elderfield, H., Upstill-Goddard, R., Sholkovitz, Er., 1990. The rare earth elements in rivers, estuari es, and coastal seas and their significance to the composition of ocean waters. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 54: 971-991.
• 19. Fedele, L., Plant, J.A., De Vivo, B., Lima, A., 2008. The rare earth element distribution over Europe: geogenic and anthropogenic sources. Geochemistry: Exploration, Environment, Analysis, 8: 3-18.
• 20. Gnandi, K., Tobschall, H.J., 2003. Distribution patterns of rare-earth elements and uranium in tertiary sedimentary phosphorites of Hahotoe-Kpogame, Togo. Journal of African Earth Sciences, 37: 1-10.
• 21. Galán, E., Fernández-Caliani, J.C., Miras, A., Aparicio, P., Márquez, M.G., 2007. Residence and fractionation of rare earth elements during kaolinization ofalkaline peraluminous granites in NW Spain. Clay Minerals, 42: 341-352.
• 22. Galbarczyk-Gąsiorowska, L., 2010. Rare Earth Element mobility in a weathering profile - a case study from the Karkonosze Massif (SW Poland). Acta Geologica Polonica, 60: 599-616.
• 23. Gałązka, D., Marks, L., Zabielski, R., 1999. Is a lithostratigraphic correlation of tills useful for the Quaternary stratigraphy of Poland? (in Polish with English summary). Przegląd Geologiczny, 47: 261-265.
• 24. Gromet, L.P., Dymek, R.F., Haskin, L.A., Korotev, R.L., 1984. The “North American Shale Composite”: its compilation, major and trace element characteristics. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 48: 2469-2482.
• 25. Henderson, P., 1984. Rare Earth Element Geochemistry. Elsevier, Amsterdam.
• 26. INSTRUKCJA opracowania i wydania szczegółowej Mapy Geologicznej Polski w skali 1:50 000, 2004. (in Polish) Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny, Warszawa.
• 27. IUAPC - International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry, 1970. Nomenclature of inorganic chemistry. Issued by the Commission on the Nomenclature of Inorganic Chemistry, London.
• 28. Jasiewicz, J., 2006. The mechanism of forming the petrographic composition of last glacial's moranic till on Peribaltic area - a current interpretative problems (in Polish with English summary). Badania Fizjograficzne Nad Polską Zachodnią, Seria A - Geografia Fizyczna, 57: 61-82.
• 29. Kabata-Pendias, A., Mukherjee, A.B., 2007. Trace Elements from Soil to Human. Springer, Berlin.
• 30. Kanazawa, Y., Kamitani, M., 2006. Rare earth minerals and resources in the world. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 408: 1339-1343.
• 31. Kenig, K., 2009. Lithology of tills in the Polish Lowlands - basic investigative methods (in Polish with English summary). Biuletyn Państwowego Instytutu Geologicznego, 437: 1-58.
• 32. Krishnaswami, S., 1976. Authigenic transition elements in Pacific pelagic clays. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 40:425-434.
• 33. Laveuf, C., Cornu, S., 2009. A review of Rare Earth Elements to trace pedogenetic processes. Geoderma, 154: 1-12.
• 34. Lindner, L., Marks, L., 2012. Climatostratigraphic subdivision of the Pleistocene Middle Polish Complex in Poland (in Polish with English summary). Przegląd Geologiczny, 60: 36-45.
• 35. Lis, J., Pasieczna, A., 1995. Geochemical Atlas of Poland 1:2500 000. Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny, Warszawa.
• 36. Lisicki, S., 2003. Lithotypes and lithostratigraphy of tills of the Pleistocene in the Vistula drainage basin area, Poland (in Polish with English summary). Prace Państwowego Instytutu Geologicznego, 177: 1-105.
• 37. Ma, Y.-J., Huo, R.-K., Liu, C.-Q., 2002. Speciation and fractionation of rare earth elements in a lateritic profile from southern China: Identification of the carriers of Ce anomalies. Goldschmidt Conference Abstracts, Davos, Switzerland. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 66 Supplement 1: 471.
• 38. Małecka, K., 2012. Zmienność geochemiczna lekkich i ciężkich pierwiastków ziem rzadkich w osadach wybranych jezior polodowcowych w Polsce (in Pollsh). Ph.D thesis, Faculty of Geology, University of Warsaw.
• 39. Marks, L., 2002. Last Glacial Maximum in Poland. Quaternary Science Reviews, 21: 103-110.
• 40. Marks, L., 2005. Pleistocene glacial limits in the territory of Poland. Przegląd Geologiczny, 53: 988-993.
• 41. Marks, L., 2010. Chronostratigraphic setting of the Neogene/Quaternary boundary (in Polish with English summary). Biuletyn Państwowego Instytutu Geologicznego, 438: 93-98.
• 42. Mazerski, J., 2009. Chemometria praktyczna - interpretuj wyniki swoich pomiarów (in Polish). Wydawnictwo Malamut.
• 43. McDonough, W.F., Sun, S.-S., 1995. The composition of the Earth. Chemical Geology, 120: 223-253.
• 44. McLennan, S.M., Tayior, S.R., 2012. Geology, geochemistry, and natural abundances of the rare earth elements. In: The Rare Earth Elements (ed. D.A. Atwood): 1-19, John Wiley and Sons.
• 45. Migaszewski, Z.M., Gałuszka, A., 2015. The characteristics, occurrence, and geochemical behaviour of rare earth elements in the environment: a review. Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology, 45: 429-471.
• 46. Nakamura, N., 1974. Determination of REE, Ba, Fe, Mg, Na and K in carbonaceous and ordinari chondrites. Geochemica et Cosmochimica Acta, 44: 287-308.
• 47. Nesbitt, H.W., 1979. Mobility and fractionation of rare earth elements during weathering of a granodiorite, Nature, 279: 206-210.
• 48. Nesbitt, H.W., Markovics, G., 1997. Weath ering of granodioritic crust, long-term storage of elements in weathering profiles, and petro genesis of siliciclastic sediments. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 61: 1653-1670.
• 49. Nyakairu, G.W.A., Koeberl, C., 2001. Mineralogical and chemical composition and distribution of rare earth elements in clay-rich sediments from central Uganda. Geochemical Journal, 35: 13-28.
• 50. Öhlander, B., Land, M., Ingri, J., Widerlund, A., 1996. Mobility of rare earth elements during weathering of till in northern Sweden. Applied Geochemistry, 11: 93-99.
• 51. Panahi, A., Young, G.M., Rainbird, R.H., 2000. Behavior of major and trace elements (including REE) durlng Palaeoproterozoic pedogenesis and diagenetic alt eration of an Archaean granite near Ville Marie, Quebec, Canada. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 64: 2199-2220.
• 52. Polański, A., 1988. Podstawy Geochemii (in Polish). Część II, Rozdział 13 - Skandowce: 494-505. Wydawnictwo Geologiczne, Warszawa.
• 53. Reeder, R.J., America, M.S.O., 1983. Carbonates: mineralogy and chemistry. Reviews in Mineralogy, 11.
• 54. Ryder, P., Nowak, M., 2015. Review of the major minerals of rare earth elements - gold of the 21st century (in Polish with English summary). Przegląd Geologiczny, 63: 348-362.
• 55. Singh, P., Rajamani, V., 2001. REE geochemistry of recent clastic sediments from the Kaveri floodplains, Southern India: implication to source area weathering and sedimentary processes. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 65: 3093-3108.
• 56. Systematyka gleb Polski, 2011. (in Polish) Roczniki gleboznawcze 62, 3 (Polish soil classification), 2011. Roczniki Gleboznawcze - Soil Science Annual, 62: 1-193.
• 57. Taunton, A.E., Welch, S.A., Banfield, J.F., 2000. Geomicrobiological controls on light rare earth elements, Y and Ba distributions during granite weathering and soil formation. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 303-304: 30-36.
• 58. Tayi or, S.R., McLennan, S.M., 1985. The Conlinenlal Crust: its Composition and Evolution. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford, U.K.
• 59. Taylor, S.R., McLennan, S.M., 2009. Planetary Crusts: their Composition, Origin and Evolution. Cambridge University Press.
• 60. Terekhov, E.N., Shcherbakova, T.F., 2006. Genesis of positive Eu anomalies in acid rocks from the Eastern Ballic Shield. Geochemistry International, 44: 439-455.
• 61. Topp, S.E., Salbu, B., Roaldset, E., Jorgensen, P., 1984. Vertical distribution of trace elements in laterite soil (Suriname). Chemical Geology, 47: 159-174.
• 62. Towell, D.G., Spirn, R.V., Winchester, J.W., 1969. Europium anomalies and the genesis of basalt: a discussion. Chemical Geology, 4: 461-464.
• 63. Xing, B., Dudas, M.J., 1993. Trace and rare earth element content of white clay soils of the Three River Plain. Heilongjiang Province, P.R. China. Geoderma, 58: 181-199.
• 64. Zepf, V., 2013. REE - a New Approach to the Nexus of Supply, Demand and Use: Exemplified Along the Use of Neodymium in Permanent Magnets. Springer Theses.

Uwagi

Opracowanie ze środków MNiSW w ramach umowy 812/P-DUN/2016 na działalność upowszechniającą naukę.