Niepewność zatrudnienia – czy jest się czego obawiać?

• Autorzy: Chojnacki P.

Warianty tytułu

EN

Job insecurity – is it something to worry about?

• Języki publikacji: PL

Abstrakty

PL

Zmienność i nieprzewidywalność współczesnego świata pracy sprawia, że wiele osób doświadcza obecnie niepewności zatrudnienia, rozumianej jako subiektywnie postrzegane zagrożenie utraty pracy oraz wiążące się z nim obawy. Celem artykułu jest podsumowanie dotychczasowego dorobku literatury światowej, dotyczącego tego zjawiska. Na początku opisano jak zmieniało się rozumienie niepewności zatrudnienia na przestrzeni lat. Przytoczone zostały również istotne predyktory tego zjawiska. W dalszej części przedstawiono negatywne skutki, zarówno dla pracownika, jak i organizacji, które powoduje niepewność zatrudnienia. Analiza predyktorów oraz konsekwencji została uzupełniona o opis moderatorów, modyfikujących opisane zależności. Artykuł zakończony został wskazaniem dalszych kierunków badań, które mogą pomóc zrozumieć mechanizm działania niepewności zatrudnienia oraz przeciwdziałać jej negatywnym skutkom.

EN

Constant changes and unpredictability of the contemporary world of work have caused widespread feelings of job insecurity, i.e. subjectively perceived threat to the current job and worries related to that threat. The paper aims to provide an overview of the world literature pertaining to this phenomenon. It offers a brief summary of how this concept has evolved over the years. Next, predictors of jobs insecurity are presented as well as its negative consequences both for employees and organizations. This is followed by a description of moderators of the described relationships. The paper ends with recommendations for future research, which could further our understanding of this phenomenon and help alleviate its consequences.

Słowa kluczowe

PL

niepewność zatrudnienia; utrata pracy; predyktory; moderatory; badania

EN

job insecurity; job loss; predictors; moderators; research

• Wydawca: Wydawnictwo Politechniki Łódzkiej
• Czasopismo: Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Łódzka
• Rocznik: 2015
• Tom: z. 61
• Strony: 49--62
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 51 poz.

Twórcy

autor

Chojnacki P.

• Wydział Ekonomiczno-Socjologiczny Katedra Pracy i Polityki Społecznej Uniwersytet Łódzki

Bibliografia

• [1] Ashford S.J., Lee C., Bobko P.: Content, causes, and consequences of job insecurity: A theory-based measure and substantive test, Academy of Management Journal, 32, 1989, ss. 803-829.
• [2] Baron R.M., Kenny D.A.: The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51, 1986, ss. 1173-1182.
• [3] Borg I., Elizur D.: Job insecurity: Correlates, moderators and measurement, International Journal of Manpower, 13, 2, 1992, ss. 13-26.
• [4] Borkowska S.: Główne wyzwania wobec problemów pracy na przełomie wieków, [w]: Praca i polityka społeczna w perspektywie XXI wieku, IPiSS, Warszawa 1998.
• [5] Boswell W.R., Olson-Buchanan J.B., Harris T.B.: I cannot afford to have a life: Employee adaptation to feelings of job insecurity, Personnel Psychology, 67, 2014, ss. 887-915.
• [6] Brockner J., Grover S., Reed T.F., Dewitt R.L.: Layoffs, job insecurity, and survivors’ work effort: evidence of an inverted-U relationship, Academy of Management Journal, 35, 2, 1992, ss. 413-425.
• [7] Brown-Johnson N.: Conceptualizing unions’ influence on members’ perceptions of job insecurity, Nieopublikowana praca, Wydział Zarządzania Uniwersytetu w Kentucky, 1987.
• [8] Caplan R.D., Cobb S., French J.R.P., Jr., Van Harrison R.V., Pinneau S.R., Jr.: Job demands and worker health: Main effects and occupational differences, US Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Waszyngton 1975.
• [9] Cheng G., Chan D.: Who suffers more from job insecurity? A meta-analytic review, Applied Psychology: An International Review, 57, 2, 2008, ss. 272-303.
• [10] Cheng T., Huang G-H., Lee C., Ren X.: Longitudinal effects of job insecurity on employee outcomes: The moderating role of emotional intelligence and the leadermember exchange, Asia Pacific Journal of Management, 29, 2012, ss. 709-728.
• [11] Davy J.A., Kinicki A.J., Scheck C.L.: A test of job insecurity’s direct and mediated effects on withdrawal cognitions, Journal of Organizational Behavior, 18, 1997, ss. 323-349.
• [12] De Cuyper N., Baillien E., De Witte H.: Job insecurity, perceived employability and targets’ and perpetrators’ experiences of workplace bullying, Work & Stress, 23, 3, 2009, ss. 206-224.
• [13] De Cuyper N., De Witte H.: Job insecurity in temporary versus permanent workers: Associations with attitudes, well-being and behaviour, Work & Stress, 21, 1, 2007, ss. 65-84.
• [14] De Cuyper N., De Witte H.: The impact of job insecurity and contract type on attitudes, well-being and behavioural reports: a psychological contract perspective, Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 79, 2006, ss. 395-409.
• [15] De Witte H.: Arbeidsethos en jobonzekerheid: Meting en gevolgen voor welzijn, tevredenheid en inzet op het werk [Work ethic and job insecurity: Assessment and consequences for wellbeing, satisfaction and performance at work], [w:] R. Bouwen, K. De Witte, H. De Witte, T. Taillieu (red.) Van groep naar gemeenschap [From group to community]. Liber Amicorum Prof. Dr. Leo Lagrou, Garant, Leuven 2000, ss. 325-350.
• [16] De Witte H.: Job insecurity: Review of the international literature on definitions, prevalence, antecedents and consequences. South African Journal of Industrial Psychology, 31, 4, 2005, ss. 1-6.
• [17] Debus M., Konig C.J., Kleinmann M.: The building blocks of job insecurity: The impact of environmental and person-related variables on job insecurity perceptions, Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 87, 2014, ss. 329-351.
• [18] Greenhalgh L., Rosenblatt, Z.: Job insecurity: Toward conceptual clarity, Academy of Management Review, 9, 3, 1984, ss. 438-448.
• [19] Hellgren J., Sverke M., Isaksson K.: A two-dimensional approach to job insecurity: Consequences for employee attitudes and well-being, European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 8, 2, 1999, ss. 179-195.
• [20] Huang G-H., Lee C., Ashford S.J., Chen Z., Ren X.: Affective job insecurity. A mediator of cognitive job insecurity and employee outcomes relationships, International Studies of Management and Organization, 40, 1, 2010, ss. 20-39.
• [21] Huang G-H., Niu X., Lee C., Ashford S.J.: Differentiating cognitive and affective job insecurity: antecedents and outcomes, Journal of Organizational Behavior, 33, 2012, 752-769.
• [22] Hunter J.E., Schmidt F.L.: Methods of metaanalysis: Correcting error and bias in research findings, Sage, Newbury Park, Kalifornia 1990.
• [23] Jacobson D.: The conceptual approach to job insecurity, [w:] Hartley J., Jacobson D., Klandermans B., van Vuuren, T. (red.): Job insecurity. Coping with jobs at risk, Sage Publications, Londyn 1991, ss. 23-39.
• [24] Jacobson D., Hartley J.: Mapping the context, [w:] Hartley J., Jacobson D., Klandermans B., van Vuuren, T. (red.): Job insecurity. Coping with jobs at risk, Sage Publications, Londyn 1991, ss. 1-22.
• [25] Johnson C.D., Messe L.A., Crano W.D.: Predicting job performance of low income workers: the Work Opinion Questionnaire, Personnel Psychology, 1984, ss. 291-299.
• [26] Keim A.C., Landis R.S., Pierce C.A., Earnest D.R.: Why do employees worry about their jobs? A meta-analytic review of predictors of job insecurity, Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 19, 3, 2014, ss. 269-290.
• [27] Kiersztyn A.: Niepewność zatrudnienia. Kto jej doświadcza? Czy to stan chwilowy? Zespół Porównawczych Analiz Nierówności Społecznych, Instytut Filozofii i Socjologii Polskiej Akademii Nauk, Warszawa 2014.
• [28] Kinnunen U., Mauno S., Natti J., Happonen M.: Organizational antecedents and outcomes of job insecurity: a longitudinal study in three organizations in Finland, Journal of Organizational Behavior, 21, 2000, ss. 443-459.
• [29] Lahey M.A.: Job insecurity: its meaning and measure, Nieopublikowana praca doktorska, Uniwersytet Stanowy w Kansas, 1984.
• [30] Lastad L., Berntson E., Naswall K., Sverke M.: Do core self-evaluations and coping style influence the perception of job insecurity?, European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 23, 5, 2013, ss. 680-692.
• [31] Lee C., Bobko P., Chen Z. X.: Investigation of the multidimensional model of job insecurity in China and the USA, Applied Psychology: An International Review, 55, 4, 2006, ss. 512-540.
• [32] Mauno S., Kinnunen U.: Perceived job insecurity among dual-earner couples: Do its antecedents vary according to gender, economic sector and the measure used? Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 75, 2002, ss. 295-314.
• [33] O’Neill P., Sevastos P.: The development and validation of a new multidimensional Job Insecurity Measure (JIM): An inductive methodology, Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 18, 3, 2013, ss. 338-349.
• [34] Pearce J.L.: Job insecurity is important, but not for the reasons you might think: The example of contingent workers, [w:] C.L. Cooper D.M. Rousseau (red.) Trends in organizational behavior, tom 5, Wiley, Chichester 1998, ss. 31-46.
• [35] Pocztowski A.: Zarządzanie zasobami ludzkimi w nowej gospodarce, Zarządzanie Zasobami Ludzkimi, nr 1, 2003, ss. 9-23.
• [36] Podsakoff P.M., MacKenzie S.B., Lee J.-Y., Podsakoff N.P.: Common method biases in behavioral research: A critical review of the literature and recommended remedies, Journal of Applied Psychology, 88, 5, 2003, ss. 879-903.
• [37] Probst T.M.: Development and validation of the Job Security Index and the Job Security Satisfaction scale: A classical test theory and IRT approach, Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 76, 2003, ss. 451-467.
• [38] Richter A., Naswall K., Bernhard-Oettel C., Sverke M.: Job insecurity and wellbeing: the moderating role of job dependence, European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 2013, DOI: 10.1080/1359432X.2013.805881.
• [39] Rosenblatt Z., Ruvio A.: A test of multidimensional model of job insecurity: the case of Israeli teachers, Journal of Organizational Behavior, 17, 1996, ss. 587-605.
• [40] Roskies E., Louis-Guerin C.: Job insecurity in managers: Antecedents and consequences, Journal of Organizational Behavior, 11, 1990, ss. 345-359.
• [41] Schreurs B., van Emmerik H., Notelaers G., De Witte H.: Job insecurity and employee health: the buffering potential of job control and job self-efficacy, Work & Stress: An International Journal of Work, Health & Organisations, 24, 1, 2010, ss. 56-72, DOI: 10.1080/02678371003718733.
• [42] Staufenbiel T., Konig C.J.: A model for the effects of job insecurity on performance, turnover intention and absenteeism, Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 83, 2010, ss. 101-117.
• [43] Stiglbauer B., Selenko E., Batinic B., Jodlbauer S.: On the link between job insecurity and turnover intentions: Moderated mediation by work involvement and well-being, Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 17, 3, 2012, ss. 354-364.
• [44] Sverke M., Hellgren J.: The nature of job insecurity: understanding employment uncertainty on the brink of a new millenium, Applied Psycholgy: An international review, 51, 1, 2002, ss. 23-42.
• [45] Sverke M., Hellgren J., Naswall K.: No security: a meta-analysis and review of job insecurity and its consequences, Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 7, 3, 2002, ss. 242-264.
• [46] Vander Elst T., De Cuyper N., Baillien E., Niesen W., De Witte H.: Perceived control and psychological contract breach as explanations of the relationships between job insecurity, job strain and coping reactions: Towards a theoretical integration, Stress and Health, 11 czerwca 2014, DOI: 10.1002/smi.2584.
• [47] Vander Elst T., De Cuyper N., De Witte H.: The role of perceived control in the relationship between job insecurity and psychosocial outcomes: Moderator or mediator, Stress and Health, 27, 2011, (e215-e227).
• [48] Vander Elst T., De Witte H., De Cuyper N.: The Job Insecurity Scale: a psychometric evaluation across five European countries, European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 23, 3, 2014, ss. 364-380.
• [49] Vander Elst T., Van den Broeck A., De Cuyper N., De Witte H.: On the reciprocal relationship between job insecurity and employee well-being: Mediation by perceived control?, Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 87, 2014, ss. 671-693.
• [50] Vander Elst T., Van den Broeck A., De Witte H., De Cuyper N.: The mediating role of frustration of psychological needs in the relationship between job insecurity and work-related well-being, Work & Stress, 26, 3, 2012, ss. 252-271.
• [51] Wang H.-j., Lu C.-q., Siu O.-l.: Job insecurity and job performance: The moderating role of organizational justice and the mediating role of work engagement, Journal of Applied Psychology. Advance online publication, 2014, http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0038330.