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The process of gasification is one of the promising technologies of clean combustible gas production from low-grade coals, such as lignite, coal mud and subbituminous LR coals, and from biomass and waste. However, depending on the type of gasification material, the following aspects require investigation and development: the selection of a gasification technology (including parameters and gasifying agents) and the removal of the components constituting a burden and contamination from the raw gas. This paper presents the results of research on the gasification of lignite and sludge with added refuse derived fuel and the gasification of both these substances with added calcium sorbents. Two gasifying agents, water vapour and carbon dioxide, were used in the experiments, which were carried out in a fixed bed reactor at the temperatures of 600, 700, 800, 900, and 1000 ◦C. The effects of process temperature, the calcium oxide addition and the gasifying agent composition and quantity on fuel conversion and product gas composition have been determined. Higher process temperatures in both atmosphere of gasification (H2O and CO2) cause an increase in the volume fraction of hydrogen and carbon monoxide in the resulting gas. The effect of the addition of calcium oxide (CaO) for carbon dioxide gasification of sewage sludge exhibits the positive effect. The increase in the volume of hydrogen and carbon monoxide in the syngas from gasification of sewage was observed. The gasifying agent has a different effect on the composition of the gas depending on the temperature. The gasification process in the atmosphere of water vapour starts faster than in the atmosphere of carbon dioxide and hydrogen formation is significantly higher.
Słowa kluczowe
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141--155
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 21 poz., rys., tab.
Twórcy
autor
- Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Department of Boilers, Combustion and Energy Processes, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland
autor
- Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Department of Boilers, Combustion and Energy Processes, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland
autor
- Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Department of Boilers, Combustion and Energy Processes, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland
Bibliografia
- [1] Kajitani S. et al.: Mechanisms and kinetic modelling of steam gasification of lignite in the presence of volatile–char interactions. Fuel 103(2013), 7–13.
- [2] Jasiński A.W.: Gasification as an environmentally friendly technology for utilization of carbon containing raw materials. Karbo 2(2010), 67–74 (in Polish).
- [3] Łabojko G., Kotyczka-Morańska M., Plis A., Ściążko M.: Kinetic study of Polish hard coal and its char gasification using carbon dioxide. Thermochim. Acta 549, 2012, 158–165.
- [4] Tanner J., Bhattacharya S.: Kinetics of CO2 and steam gasification of Victorian lignite chars. Chem. Eng. J. 285(2015), 331–340.
- [5] Nowicki L., Antecka A. et al.: The kinetics of gasification of char derived from sewage sludge. J. Therm. Anal. Calorim. 104(2011), 2, 693–700.
- [6] Tursun Y. et al.: Steam co-gasification of biomass and coal in decoupled reactors. Fuel Proces. Technol.141(2016), 1, 61–67.
- [7] Speight J.G.: Coal-Fired Power Generation Handbook. Wiley, 2013.
- [8] Sierra F.E.: Zurkatalytischen Vergasung von Biomasse. PhD thesis, Universität Kassel, 2006.
- [9] Bell D.A. et al.: Coal Gasification and Its Applications. Elsevier, 2011.
- [10] Bedyk T., Nowicki L., Stolarek P., Ledakowicz S.: Effect of CaO and dolomite additive on the thermal decomposition of sewage sludge in an inert atmosphere. J Residual. Sci. Tech. 6(2009), 1, 3–10.
- [11] Chmielniak T., Ściążko M., Sobolewski A., Tomaszewicz G., Popowicz J.: Gasification of coal with carbon dioxide – method of improving emissivity and effectivity of gasification. Polityka Energetyczna 15(2012), 4, 125–138 (in Polish).
- [12] L. Shiying, W. Yin, S. Yoshizo: Effect of coal rank on steam gasification of Coal/CaO mixtures. Energ. Fuels 21(2007), 5, 2763–2768.
- [13] Acharya Bishnu, Dutta Animesh, Basu Prabir: An investigation into steam gasification of biomass for hydrogen enriched gas production in presence of CaO. Int J. Hydrogen Energ. 35(2010), 4, 1582–1589.
- [14] Garca Ximena A., Alarcon Nelson A., Gordon Alfredo L.: Steam gasification of tars using a CaO catalyst. Fuel Process Technol. 58(1999), 2-3 83–102.
- [15] Guan Yanwen, Luo Siyi, Liu Shiming, Xiao Bo, Cai Lei: Steam catalytic gasification of municipal solid waste for producing tar-free fuel gas. Int J Hydrogen Energ. 34(2009), 23, 9341–9346.
- [16] D’Orazio A., Di Carlo A., Dionisi N., Dell Era A., Orecchini F.: Toluene steam reforming properties of CaO based synthetic sorbents for biomass gasification process. Int J Hydrogen Energ. 38(2013), 30, 13282–13292.
- [17] Zhou Ch., Stuermer T., Rathnayaka G., Yang W., Blasiak W.: Effect of calcium oxide on high-temperature steam gasification of municipal solid waste. Fuel 122(2014), 36–46.
- [18] Guan Yanwen, Luo Siyi, Liu Shiming, Xiao Bo, Cai Lei: Steam catalytic gasification of municipal solid waste for producing tar-free fuel gas. Int. J. Hydrogen Energ. 34(2009), 23, 9341–9346.
- [19] He M., Xiao B., Liu S., Guo X., Luo S., Xu Z. et al.: Hyderogen-rich gas from catalytic steam gasification of municipal solid waste (MSW): Influence of steam to MSW ratios and weight hourly space velocity on gas production and composition. Int. J. Hydrogen Energ. 34(2009), 2174–83.
- [20] Kobayashi Jun, Kawamoto Katsuya, Fukushima Ryutaro, Tanaka Shingo: Woody biomass and RDF gasification using reforming catalyst and calcium oxide. Chemosphere 83(2011)3, 9, 1273–1278.
- [21] Krzywański J., Czakiert T., Muskała W., Nowak W., Pacyna J.: Emissions of CO2, CO, NOx and N2O from dried lignite combustion in oxygen-enriched O2/CO2 atmospheres in a circulating fluidized bed boiler. Trans. Inst. Fluid-Flow Mach. 132(2016), 71–85.
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
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