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The study summarises the energy consumption data obtained from the Slovak wastewater treatment plants. Overall, 51 large WWTPs using mesophilic anaerobic sludge digestion and biogas utilisation (the total capacity of 2.5 mil. p.e.) and 17 small rural WWTPs (the total capacity 15 000 p.e.) were compared in many technological and energy parameters. The average energy consumption in large WWTPs in Slovakia is 0.485 kWh/m3 and 0.915 kWh/m3 in small rural plants. The average energy demand related to BOD5 load represents the value of 2.27 kWh/kg BOD5, in Slovak plants. The specific energy production is relatively low - in average 1.2 kWh el /m3 of produced biogas and 0.1 kWh el /m 3 of treated wastewater, respectively. The average energy autarky in Slovak plants is 25.2%. Some plants have high energy autarky (>65%), despite no external biowastes being dosed to these during operation.
Słowa kluczowe
Czasopismo
Rocznik
Tom
Strony
15--24
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 13 poz., tab.
Twórcy
autor
- Institute of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Radlinského 9, 812 37 Bratislava, Slovakia
autor
- Institute of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Radlinského 9, 812 37 Bratislava, Slovakia
Bibliografia
- [1] OLSON G., Water and energy nexus, [in:] Encyclopedia of Sustainability Science and Technology, R.A. Meyers (Ed.), Springer Verlag, Berlin 2012, p. 850.
- [2] PLAPPALLY A.K., LIENHARD V., Energy production for water production, treatment, end use, reclamation, and disposal, Renew. Sust. Energ. Rev., 2012, 16, 4818.
- [3] KNEPPERS B., BIRCHFIELD D., LAWTON M., Energy–Water Relationships in Reticulated Water Infrastructure Systems, Report WA7090/2 for Beacon Pathway Limited, June 2009.
- [4] PITAS V., FAZEKAS, B., BANYAI ZS., KARPATI A., Energy efficiency of the municipal wastewater treatment, J. Biotechnol., 2010, 150 (4) 163.
- [5] MALCOLM B., MIDDLENTON R., WHEALE G., SCHULTING F., Energy efficiency in the water industry, a global research project, Wat. Proc. Techn., 2011, 6(2), 221.
- [6] Water Environment Federation, Energy conservation in water and waste water facilities, 1st Ed., WEF Press, McGraw Hill, New York 2009, 400.
- [7] MIZUTA K., SHIMADA M., Benchmarking energy consumption in municipal wastewater treatment plants in Japan, Water Sci.Tech., 2010, 62(10), 2256.
- [8] YANG L., ZENG S., CHEN J., HE M., YANG W., Operational energy performance assessment system of municipal waste water treatment plants, Water Sci. Tech., 2010, 62 (6), 1361.
- [9] EUROSTAT (Statistical Office of the European Communities). Available at:http://epp.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/portal/page/portal/statistics/themes 2012
- [10] HERNÁNDEZ-SANCHO F., MOLINOS-SENATE M., SALA-GARRIDO R., Energy efficiency in Spanish wastewater treatment plants: A non-radial DEA approach, Sci. Total Environ., 2011, 409, 2693.
- [11] BODÍK I., SEDLÁČEK S., KUBASKÁ M., HUTŇAN M., Biogas Production in Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants – Current Status in EU with a Focus on the Slovak Republic, Chem. Biochem. Eng. Q., 2011, 25(3), 335.
- [12] Ministry of Environment of the Slovak Republic, State of the Environment Report of the Slovak Republic 2010, Bratislava 2011.
- [13] CHUDOBA P., ROSENBERGOVÁ R., BENEŠ O., Benchmarking of large wastewater treatment plants, [in:] Proc. from Conference Wastewater, STU Bratislava, I. Bodík (Ed.), 2010, 385 (in Czech).
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-2a64ba29-8630-4cf8-af19-acd2d3e6a6eb