The role of daylight in forming the traditional space: classification of traditional Iranian daylighting elements

• Autorzy: Ahmadi Mosleh , Sokół Natalia , Francuzik Joanna , Martyniuk-Pęczek Justyna

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.24425/tkuia.2023.148984

Warianty tytułu

PL

Rola światła dziennego w kształtowaniu przestrzeni: klasyfikacja tradycyjnych oświetleniowych elementów architektonicznych w budynkach w Iranie

• Języki publikacji: EN PL

Abstrakty

EN

Daylight character in a space can be defined as the manner in which daylight permeates and is dispersed in that space. The architectural elements related to daylighting under investigation in this study were rooted in Iranian-Isfahani heritage, considered traditional Iranian architecture (from the 16th to early 20th century). The establishment of a classification system for daylighting systems holds significant utility. This study aims to delineate the architectural components present in Isfahani-style structures that facilitate the ingress of daylight, thereby enhancing the indoors. The methodology employed in this research relies on subjective observation and photographic documentation. Based on the findings of this study, architectural daylighting elements can be organized into four distinct categories: Controllers, Scatterers, Filterers, and Modifiers. This classification system delineated these categories based on the observed order in their complexity (in terms of both quantity and quality of daylight treatment), function (pertaining to lighting, view-out, or shading), material characteristics (including transparency, roughness, and brightness), and their impact on daylighting (such as distribution, colour rendition, and intensity). Daylight Controllers encompassed elements like the hurno (skylight), the ravaq, the sabat, and the tabesh-band/sarsayeh/kharakpoush (shading devices), while daylight Scatterers encompassed the shabak, the rozan, the pachang (windows and doors), and the muqarnas (an ornamental feature of skylight). Daylight Filterers, representing more advanced elements when compared to the previous two categories, included the goljam (windows) and the jam-khaneh (skylights). The most intricate daylight manipulation elements were the daylight Modifiers, exemplified by the orosi (windows) and the roshandan (skylight)

PL

Charakter światła dziennego można zdefiniować jako sposób, w jaki światło dzienne przenika i rozprasza się w przestrzeni. Elementy architektoniczne związane z oświetleniem dziennym, które są badane w tej pracy, mają swoje korzenie w dziedzictwie irańsko-isfahańskim, zwanym tradycyjną architekturą irańską (od XVI wieku do początku XX wieku). Ustalenie systemu klasyfikacji dla systemów oświetlenia dziennego ma znaczące zastosowanie praktyczne. Niniejsza praca ma na celu przedstawienie elementów architektonicznych obecnych w budynkach w stylu isfahańskim, które umożliwiają przenikanie światła dziennego, poprawiając tym samym estetykę wnętrza. Metodologia zastosowana w tej pracy opiera się na subiektywnej obserwacji i dokumentacji fotograficznej. Na podstawie wyników badania elementy architektoniczne oświetlenia dziennego można zaklasyfikować do czterech odrębnych kategorii: „kontrolery”, „rozpraszacze”, „filtry” i „modyfikatory”. System klasyfikacji został opracowany na podstawie zaobserwowanej złożoności zjawiska przenikania światła do wnętrza (zarówno pod względem ilości, jak i jakości efektu wizualnego wywołanego światłem dziennym), funkcji (dotyczących oświetlenia, widoku na zewnątrz lub przesłon), cech materiałowych (w tym przejrzystości, szorstkości i jaskrawości) oraz wpływu na oświetlenie dziennie (takie jak rozkład, odwzorowanie kolorów i intensywność). Kontrolery światła dziennego zawierają elementy takie jak hurno (świetlik), ravaq, sabat i tabesh-band/ sarsayeh/kharakpoush (urządzenia przesłaniające), podczas gdy rozpraszacze światła dziennego obejmują shabak, rozan, pachang (okna i drzwi) oraz muqarnas (ozdobna forma świetlika). Filtry światła dziennego, reprezentujące bardziej zaawansowane elementy w porównaniu do dwóch poprzednich kategorii, obejmują goljam (okna) i jam-khaneh (świetliki). Najbardziej skomplikowane elementy manipulacji światłem dziennym to modyfikatory światła dziennego, zilustrowane przez orosi (okna) i roshandan (świetliki).

Słowa kluczowe

EN

daylighting; daylight space; heritage architecture; vernacular architecture; location-based daylighting

PL

oświetlenie dzienne; przestrzeń oświetlona światłem dziennym; architektura dziedzictwa; architektura ludowa; lokalne oświetlenie dzienne

• Wydawca: Polska Akademia Nauk, Oddział w Krakowie ; Politechnika Krakowska, Wydział Architektury
• Czasopismo: Teka Komisji Urbanistyki i Architektury Oddział PAN w Krakowie
• Rocznik: 2023
• Tom: T. 51
• Strony: 387--421
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 61 poz., rys., tab., zdj.

Twórcy

autor

Ahmadi Mosleh

• Doctoral student Gdańsk University of Technology, Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning

• https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3938-5895+

autor

Sokół Natalia

• Gdańsk University of Technology, Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning

• https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0269-1701+

autor

Francuzik Joanna

• Doctoral student Gdańsk University of Technology, Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning

• https://orcid.org/0009-0004-4072-1256+

autor

Martyniuk-Pęczek Justyna

• Gdańsk University of Technology, Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning

• https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4232-0817

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