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Archaeology meeting geophysics on Polish excavations in Egypt

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The article presents the results of archaeological excavations in two locations where geophysical surveys were carried out for the first time on Polish excavations in Egypt: Tell Atrib (ancient Athribis in Lower Egypt) and Saqqara (west of the pyramid of Djoser). It emphasizes the interdependence of archaeological and geophysical research. Particularly interesting were the results of three geophysical surveys made in Saqqara in 1987, 1997 and 2012 by three different teams using different methods. All of them helped identifying archaeological structures in two subsequent layers corresponding to two periods: a) Old Kingdom (lower stratum) with rock-hewn tombs of high officials; b) Ptolemaic Period with hundreds of burials found in a layer of sand (upper stratum).
Słowa kluczowe
Czasopismo
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45--59
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 55 poz., rys.
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autor
  • Institute of Mediterranean and Oriental Cultures, Polish Academy of Sciences, Nowy Świat 72, 00-330 Warsaw, Poland
Bibliografia
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  • 2. Chłodnicki, M., Ciałowicz, K., Abłamowicz, R., Herbich, T., Jórdeczka, M., Jucha, M., Kabaciński, J., Mączyńska, A. 2002b. Tell el-Farkha Seasons 1998-1999. Pretimtnary report. Mitteilungen des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts Abteilung Kairo, 58: 89-117.
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  • 10. Herbich, T. 2008. Resisitivity method in reconstructing the historical landscape of the Tell el-Daba area. In: Forstner-Muller, I. Herbich, T., Schweitzer, Ch., Weissl, M., Preliminary report on the geophysical survey at Tell el-Dabca/Qantir in spring 2008, 100-106. Ägypten und Levante XVIII. Wien.
  • 11. Herbich, T. 2009a. Geophysical surveying in Egypt: periodic report for 2007-2008. Archeosciences. Revue d'Archeometrie, 33 (suppl.): 73-76.
  • 12. Herbich, T. 2009b. Magnetic survey of the Late Period great temple enclosure in Tell- el-Balamun, Egypt. Archeosciences. Revue d'Archeometrie, 33 (suppl.): 77-79.
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  • 14. Herbich, T. 2011a. Geophysical surveying in Egypt: periodic report for 2009-2011. In: Drahor, M.G., Berge, M.A., Archaeological Prospection. 9th International Conference on Archaeological Prospection, September 19-24, 2011 Izmir (Turkey), 234-239. Istambul.
  • 15. Herbich, T. 2011b. Magnetic survey (2008 and 2009). In: Sidebotham, S.E., Zych, I. (eds.), Berenike 2008-2009. Report of the excavations at Berenike, including a survey in the Eastern Desert, 10-18. Polish Centre of Mediterranean Archaeology of the University of Warsaw. Excavations series 1.
  • 16. Herbich, T. 2012a. Magnetic survey in Tell el-Farkha. In: Chłod-nicki, M., Ciałowicz, K.M., Mączyńska, A. (eds.), Tell el-Frakha 1. Excavations 1998-2011, 383-391. Poznań -Kraków.
  • 17. Herbich, T. 2012b. Geophysical methods and landscape archaeology. Egyptian Archaeology, 41: 11-14.
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  • 20. Herbich, T., Spencer, A.J. 2006. Geophysical survey at Tell el-Balamun. Egyptian Archaeology, 29: 16-19.
  • 21. Herbich, T., Spencer, A.J. 2008. Tell el-Balamun. The geophysical and archaeological survey, 2006. Polish Archaeology in the Mediterranean, 18: 101-111.
  • 22. Herbich, T., Spencer, A.J. 2009. The Magnetic Survey. In: Spencer, A.J., Excavations at Tell el-Balamun 2003-2008, 104-109. Distributed by http://www.britishmuseum.org/re search/re-search_projects/excavation_in_egypt/reports in detail.aspx
  • 23. Herbich, T., Spencer, A.J. 2010. Tell el-Balamun. The geophysical and archaeological survey, 2007-2008. Polish Archaeology in the Mediterranean, 19: 131-134.
  • 24. Ikram, S. 2002. Typhonic bones: a ritual deposit from Saqqara? In: Behaviour Behind Bones, The zooarchaeology of ritual, religion, status and identity. Proceedings of the 9th Conference of the International Council of Archaeozoology, 41-46. Durham.
  • 25. Kaczmarek, M., Schweitzer, A., Godziejewski, Z., Pannenko, I. 2008. Saqqara III. The Upper Necropotis. II: Studtes. Varsovie.
  • 26. Kanawati, N. 2003. Conspiracies in the Egyptian Palace, Unis to Pepy I. London-New York.
  • 27. Kuraszkiewicz, K.O. 2003. Saqqara 2002: Inscriptions. Polish Archaeology in the Mediterranean, 14: 133-140.
  • 28. Kuraszkiewicz, K. 2013. Architecture and Development of the Necropolis. In: Myśliwiec K. (ed.), Saqqara V/1. Old Kingdom structures between the Step Pyramid Complex and the "Dry Moat". Varsovie.
  • 29. Leclère, F.2008. Les Villes de Basse Egypte au Ier millénaire av. J.-C. Anatyse archéologique et historique de la topographie urbaine, 1-2, Le Caire.
  • 30. Młynarczyk, J. 2012. Terracotta Oil Lamps. Tell Atrib 1985-1995 III. Warsaw.
  • 31. Myśliwiec, K. 2001. Le harpon de Sakkara. In : Györy, H. (éd.), "Le lotus qui sort de terre", Mélanges offerts à E. Varga, Bulletin du Musée Hongrois des Beaux-Arts, Supplément, 395-410. Budapest.
  • 32. Myśliwiec, K. 2002. West Saqqara, Excavations 2001. Polish Archaeology in the Mediterranean, 13: 127-142.
  • 33. Myśliwiec, K. 2005. Eine geheimnisvolle Rampe und Plattform an der Westseite der Pyramide des Djoser. Sokar, 11: 6-7.
  • 34. Myśliwiec, K. 2006a. Fragen an eine Nekropole in Sakkara. Sokar, 13: 6-17
  • 35. Myśliwiec, K. 2006b. The "Dry Moat" west of the Netjerykhet enclosure. In: Bárta, M. (ed.), The Old Kingdom Art and Archaeology, Proceedings of the Conference held in Prague, May 31 -June 4, 2004, 233-237. Prague.
  • 36. Myśliwiec, K. 2011. L'acquis des fouilles de Tell Atrib pour la connaissance de l'époque ptolémaïque. In: Meyza, H., Zych, I. (eds.), Classica Orientalia. Essays presented to Wiktor Andrzej Daszewski on his 75th birthday, 387-398. Warszawa.
  • 37. Myśliwiec, K. 2012. Trois millénaires à l'ombre de Djéser: chronologie d'une nécropole. In: Guermeur, I., Zivie-Coche, C. (eds.), Parcourir l'éternité. Hommages à Jean Yoyotte II, 853-868. Bibliothèque de l'École des Hautes Études, Sciences religieuses, 156. Brepols, Turnhout.
  • 38. Myśliwiec, K., Herbich, T. 1988. Polish archaeological activity at Tell Atrib in 1985. In: van den Brink, E. (ed.), Archaeology of the Nile Delta, 177-189. Amsterdam.
  • 39. Myśliwiec, K., Herbich, T. with a contribution by Niwiński, A. 1995. Polish Research at Saqqara in 1987. Etudes et Travaux, 17: 177-203.
  • 40. Myśliwiec, K. Herbich, T., Krzyżanowska, A., Sztetyłło, Z., Łukaszewicz, A. 1993. Polish excavations at Tell Atrib in 1985. Annales du Service des antiquités de l'Egypte, 72: 53-80.
  • 41. Myśliwiec, K., Sztetyłło, Z. 2000. Tell Atrib 1985-1995 I. Tavaux du Centre d' Archéologie Méditerranéenne, 34. Warsaw.
  • 42. Myśliwiec, K., Kuraszkiewicz, K., Czerwik, D., Rzeuska, T., Kaczmarek, M., Kowalska, A., Radomska, M., Godziejewski, Z. 2004. Saqqara I. The Tomb of Merefnebef. Varsovie.
  • 43. Myśliwiec, K., Krzyżanowska, A. 2009. Tell Atrib 1985-1995 II. Warsaw.
  • 44. Myśliwiec, K., Kuraszkiewicz, K.O. with contributions by Kowalska, A., Radomska, M., Rzeuska, T.I., Kaczmarek, M., Kozieradzka, I., Godziejewski, Z., Ikram, S., Zatorska, A. 2010. Saqqara IV. The Funerary Complex of Nyankhnefertem. Varsovie.
  • 45. Radomska, M., Kowalska, A., Kaczmarek, M., Rzeuska, T.I. with contributions by Kopp, E., Kuraszkiewicz, K.O, Winnicki, J.K. 2008. In: Myśliwiec, K. (ed.), Saqqara III. The Upper Necropolis. I: The Catalogue with drawings. Varsovie.
  • 46. Rzepka, S., Wodzińska, A., Hudec, J., Herbich, T. 2009. Tell el-Retaba 2007-2008. Ägypten und Levante, 19: 241-280.
  • 47. Rzepka, S., Hudec, J., Herbich, T. 2011. Tell el-Retaba 2008: excavations and geophysical survey. Polish Archaeology in the Mediterranean, 20: 129-145.
  • 48. Rzeuska, T. 2002. West Saqqara, The Pottery, 2001, Polish Archaeology in the Mediterranean, 13: 151-158.
  • 49. Rzeuska, T. 2006. Saqqara II. Pottery of the late Old Kingdom. Funerary Pottery and Burial Customs. Varsovie.
  • 50. Rzeuska, T. 2007. West Saqqara, The Pottery, 2005, Polish Archaeology in the Mediterranean, 17: 182-189.
  • 51. Smekalova, T, Mills, A.J., Herbich, T. 2003. Magnetic survey at 'Ain el-Gazzareen. In: Bowen, G.E., Hope, C.A. (eds.), The Oasis Papers 3. Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference of the Dakhleh Oasis Project, 131-135. Dakhleh Oasis Project. Monograph 14. Oxford.
  • 52. Szymańska, H. 2000. Tell Atrib. Excavations 1999, Polish Archaeology in the Mediterranean, 11: 77-82.
  • 53. Szymańska, H. 2005. Terres cuites d'Athribis. Mongographies Reine Elisabeth, 12. Brepols.
  • 54. Welc, F. 2011. The Third Dynasty Open Quarry West of the Netjerykhet Pyramid Complex (Saqqara). Etudes et Travaux, 24: 271-304.
  • 55. Welc, F. et all. 2013. Welc, F., Trzciński, J., Kozieradzka, I., Kowalska, A., Rzeuska, T., Godziejewski, Z., Weker, W., Geology. Anthropology. Finds. Conservation, in: Myśliwiec, K. (ed.), Saqqara V (2. Old Kingdom structures between the Step Pyramid Complex and the "Dry Moat", Varsovie.
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-28bcccb1-39c1-4cb0-ac90-91dcebbfcc6a
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