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Determinants, directions and challenges of tourism development in Morocco

Treść / Zawartość
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Warianty tytułu
Języki publikacji
EN
Abstrakty
EN
The purpose of the study was to analyze the current state of tourism development in Morocco, taking into account its most important achievements and opportunities in the context of sustainable development. On this basis and in relation to tourism development plans, particular attention was paid to the challenges facing the tourism sector in the country.. In the course of the research procedure, our approach primarily relied on the analysis of source materials and observations made by the authors during their stay in Morocco. A comprehensive review of the relevant literature, reports, and strategic documents has demonstrated that over the past decades, the Moroccan government has been active in supporting tourism and encouraging foreign investments as a means to promote economic and social development. Simultaneously, activities towards tourism development are undertaken based on the following values: authenticity, diver-sity, quality, and sustainable development. Despite undeniable successes in this regard, the progression of tourism faces a range of challenges. One of these challenges is the highly concentrated geographical distribution of tourists and a still relatively undiversified tourism offering. Excessive concentration of tourist activities in coastal areas could lead to their degradation. To counteract this, a series of programs are being implemented, confirming that for Morocco, the priority is no longer solely the pursuit of tourism growth, but ensuring that progress in this field occurs while adhering to principles of sustainable development.
Rocznik
Strony
33--44
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 36 poz., rys., tab.
Twórcy
  • Andrzej Frycz Modrzewski Krakow University, Faculty of Law, Administration and International Relations, Kraków, Poland
autor
  • AGH Univeristy of Science and Technology, Kraków, Poland
Bibliografia
  • Almeida-García F. 2020. Current issues of tourism in Morocco. [In:] M. Novelli, E. A. Adu-Ampong, M. A. Ribeiro (Eds.), Routledge Handbook of Tourism in Africa Routledge, 170-181.
  • Borychowski M., Staniszewski J., Zagierski B. 2016. Problemy pomiaru rozwoju zrównoważonego na przykładzie wybranych wskaźników. Roczniki Ekonomiczne Kujawsko-Pomorskiej Szkoły Wyższej w Bydgoszczy, 9, 28-43, [In Polish].
  • Boujrouf S. 2014. Heritage resources and the development of tourist areas in the High Atlas and southern regions of Morocco. Journal of Alpine Research. Revue de géographie alpine 102-1, Ressources territoriales, développement et tourisme II : Qualités, Risques et Contradictions
  • Cherkaoui S.I., Boukherouk M., Lakhal T., Aghzar A., Youssfi1 LE. 2020. Conservation Amid COVID-19 Pandemic: Ecotourism Collapse Threatens Communities and Wildlife in Morocco, E3S Web of Conferences 183, 01003, 1-8.
  • El Aouami, C., Abdeljalil Louhmadi, A. 2020. Structural Competitiveness of The Tourism Sector in Morocco. European Journal of Business and Management Research 5(5), 1-5.
  • El Azyzy Y., Ekiz E. 2021. Sustainable Tourism: Case of Ecotourism in the Moroccan High Atlas, 2020 International CEO Communication, Economics, Organization & Social Sciences Congress, 68-74.
  • Idrissi F.Ch. 2023. Sustainable tourism in Morocco: Several actions undertaken with great challenges to fit it into the goals of sustainable development. International Journal on Optimization and Applications 3(1), 25-31.
  • Kałaska M. 2020. Przestrzeń turystyczna miast dualnych Maghrebu, DUX, Warszawa, [In Polish].
  • Kapera I. 2018. Rozwój zrównoważony turystyki. Problemy przyrodnicze, społeczne i gospodarcze na przykładzie Polski. Oficyna Wydawnicza AFM, Kraków, [In Polish].
  • Lamnadi Y. 2010. The Evaluation of Tourism Marketing Model within Moroccan Public Policy Management, Athens Journal of Tourism 6(1), 15-38.
  • Lamnadi Y. 2016. Signs of hope or wrong way? The implementation of ecotourism as a touristic product within Morocco destination. [In:] Blàzquez, M., Mir-Gual, M., Murray, I. y Pons, G.X. (Eds.). Turismo y crisis, turismo colaborativo y ecoturismo. XV Coloquio de Geografía del Turismo, el Ocio y la Recreación de la AGE. Mon. Soc. Hist. Nat. Balears, 23, 357-367.
  • Nezha M., Rossi A., Khalidi K.E., Pavel A-B., El Khalil Cherif E.K., Otman El Ouaty O.E., Fekri A. 2021. A SWOT Analysis to understand the impact of tourism industry on the Three pillars social Economy and Environment, HS Web of Conferences 119, 04004.
  • Peyron M. 2003. Promotion and protection: eco-tourism in the Moroccan Middle Atlas, Sustainable Technology for Rural Tourism Development (2nd International Workshop on Cultural Impact on Technology Development in European & Islamic countries) Al Akhawayn University in Ifrane, Morocco, 30 November – 2 December 2003.
  • Sahho N.M., Khudair M.A. 2021. Measuring and analyzing the impact of the tourism industry in the Kingdom of Morocco on economic growth for the period (2001-2018). International Journal of Contemporary Applied Researches 8(6), 27-47.
  • Sbai L. 2012. Evaluation du cadre juridique et institutionnel relatif à l’écotourisme et aux aires protégées au Maroc, Rapport UICN.
  • Skowrońska J. 2010. W poszukiwaniu autentyczności kulturowej w relacjach ludności marokańskiej z turystami, Turystyka Kulturowa 8/2010, 23-41, [In Polish].
  • Steenbruggen J. 2016. Tourism Geography: Emerging Trends and Initiatives to Support Tourism in Morocco, Journal of Tourism & Hospitality 5, 224
  • Sustainable development in Morocco. Achievements and perspectives. From Rio to Rio +20, 2012. Ministry of Energy, Mines, Water and Environment Department of Environment, Rabat, Morocco.
  • Tekken V., Kropp J. P. 2015. Sustainable water management - perspectives for tourism development in north-eastern Morocco, Tourism Management Perspectives 16, 325–334.
  • Morocco’s ONMT Receives ‘Best Emerging Sustainable Destination’ Award in Madrid, 2023. https://www. moroccoworldnews.com/2023/01/353602/moroccos-onmt-receives-best-emerging-sustainable-destination-award-in-madrid (Date of access: 08.10.2023).
  • National Sustainable Development Strategy (NSDS) Executive Summaryhttps://www.greenpolicyplatform.org/ sites/default/files/downloads/policy-database/ENG-SNDD_RESUME%20EXECUTIF-V24-D%20(1).pdf (Date of access: 20.08.2023).
  • OECD, 2018. Morocco, in OECD Tourism Trends and Policies 2018, OECD Publishing, Paris,https://www.oecd. org/cfe/tourism/2018-Tourism-Trends-Policies-Highlights-ENG.pdf (Date of access: 20.08.2023).
  • OECD, 2020. Morocco. Tourism in the economy, https://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/sites/409d3fd2-en/index.html?itemId=/content/component/409d3fd2-en (Date of access: 20.08.2023).
  • OECD, 2022.”Morocco”, w OECD Tourism Trends and Policies 2022, OECD Publishing, Paris,https://www.oecd. org/industry/tourism/oecd-tourism-trends-and-policies-20767773.htm (Date of access: 20.08.2023).
  • Olech A., Pawłowski M. 2022. Wyzwania i szanse dla Europy w krajach Maghrebu, Instytut Nowej Europy, https:// ine.org.pl/wp-content/uploads/2022/07/Wyzwania-i-szanse-dla-Europy-w-krajach-Maghrebu.pdf (Date of access: 20.08.2023), [In Polish].
  • Report of the World Commission on Environment and Development: Our Common Future, 1987. https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/content/documents/5987our-common-future.pdf (Date of access: 20.08.2023).
  • Roudies N., 2010. Vision 2020 for tourism in Morocco: Raise the destination to be in the top twenty of the touristic destinations in the world. Become a model of sustainbilty in the mediterranean area. Presentation, https://www. oecd.org/regional/leed/46761560.pdf (Date of access: 20.08.2023).
  • Roudies N., 2013, Vision 2020 for tourism in Morocco. Focus on Sustainability and Ecotourism, https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/content/documents/4104roudies.pdf (Date of access: 14.11.2023).
  • Stratégie du Tourisme au Maroc: Vision 2020, Rabat Aout 2013, https://www.icao.int/meetings/moroccan-economic-forum/documents/tourismmaroc.pdf (Date of access: 14.11.2023)
  • United Nations, 1987. Our Common Future. Report of the World Commission on Environment and Development, https://sswm.info/sites/default/files/reference_attachments/UN%20WCED%201987%20Brundtland%20 Report.pdf (Date of access: 14.11.2023).
  • UNWTO, 2016. African Tourism Ministers adopt African Charter on Sustainable and Responsible Tourism, https:// www.unwto.org/archive/africa/press-release/2016-11-14/african-tourism-ministers-adopt-african-charter-sustainable-and-responsible (Date of access: 20.08.2023).
  • World Bank Group, 2021. Morocco Economic Monitor Building Momentum for Reform With a Special Focus onCOVID-19, Inequality, and Jobs in Morocco, World Bank Publications, The World Bank Group, Washington, USA. https://documents1.worldbank.org/curated/en/123031623861349683/pdf/Morocco-Economic-Monitor-Building-Momentum-for-Reform.pdf (Date of access: 20.08.2023).
  • https://www.statista.com/statistics/1232290/number-of-hotels-in-morocco/ (Date of access: 20.08.2023).
  • https://www.un.org/geospatial/content/morocco (Date of access: 20.08.2023).
  • https://www.unwto.org/startup-competition-invest-in-the-development-of-moroccan-tourism (Date of access: 20.08.2023).
  • https://www.worlddata.info/africa/morocco/airports.php (Date of access: 20.08.2023).
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-28877fae-2504-4c56-90d1-8a6ba817d07c
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