Processes of Natural Self-Cleaning of Small Watercourses with Increasing Anthropogenic Load in the Dniester River Basin

• Autorzy: Hnativ Roman , Cherniuk Volodymyr , Khirivskyi Petro , Kachmar Natalia , Lopotych Natalia , Hnativ Ihor

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.12911/22998993/156914

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Small river basins are complex self-regulatory systems, as well as indicators of the state of the environment due to the level of anthropogenic pressure. Since any changes in the regime of small rivers are reflected in the entire hydrographic chain, the problem of estimating the anthropogenic load on small rivers of Ukraine is relevant for modern hydrochemistry and hydroecology. The main sources of water pollution are industrial and domestic effluents, which increase the inflow of pesticides, heavy metal ions, etc. Aquatic ecosystems of small rivers are subject to intense mechanical and biochemical effects, and about 80% of pollutants are washed into water bodies. Water bodies located on the territory or near large cities and urban areas are particularly exposed to man-made pollution. In the territory of the Dniester river basin, natural landscapes are maximally preserved in comparison with other regions of Western Ukraine, but in modern conditions we observe an increase in the negative anthropogenic impact on the quality of natural waters. Hydrodynamic barriers or hydrodynamically active areas (HAA) of mountain rivers, which are significantly saturated with oxygen in the water flow, which activates the processes of biochemical and biological self-cleaning of natural waters, are important to increase the efficiency of self-purification processes. Natural biological cleaning of pollutants in small rivers is highly effective due to the overgrowth of aquatic vegetation. The aim of the work was to establish the ability of the aquatic ecosystem of a small river to self-purify on the basis of hydrochemical indicators of water quality. The compliance with sanitary and hygienic requirements of hydrochemical indicators of Kolodnytsia river water of the right tributary of the Dniester was analyzed and possible regularities of their changes were established, as well as the main factors of anthropogenic impact on a small river and the possibility of laboratory modeling of such rivers. It was found that in the Kolodnytsia River the processes of self-cleaning are quite active, which are caused by the hydrological characteristics of the river and the presence of hydrodynamically active areas in the foothills of the basin. Therefore, at present there is no steady excess of pollutants relative to the MPC.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

mountain river; surface waters; small river; natural self-cleaning; hydrodynamically active area; channel processes

• Wydawca: Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej ; Lublin University of Technology
• Czasopismo: Journal of Ecological Engineering
• Rocznik: 2023
• Tom: Vol. 24, nr 2
• Strony: 12--18
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 15 poz., rys.

Twórcy

autor

Hnativ Roman

• Department of Hydrotechnics and Water Engineering, Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Systems, Lviv Polytechnic National University, Karpinsky Str. 6, Lviv, 79013, Ukraine

• https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4931-7493

autor

Cherniuk Volodymyr

• Department of Hydrotechnics and Water Engineering, Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Systems, Lviv Polytechnic National University, Karpinsky Str. 6, Lviv, 79013, Ukraine

• https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7913-579X

autor

Khirivskyi Petro

• Department of Ecology, Lviv National Environmental University, Volodymyra Velykoho Str. 1, Dublyany, Lviv Region, 30831, Ukraine

• https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7246-9260

autor

Kachmar Natalia

• Department of Ecology, Lviv National Environmental University, Volodymyra Velykoho Str. 1, Dublyany, Lviv Region, 30831, Ukraine

• https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4471-5895

autor

Lopotych Natalia

• Department of Ecology, Lviv National Environmental University, Volodymyra Velykoho Str. 1, Dublyany, Lviv Region, 30831, Ukraine

• https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3319-0723

autor

Hnativ Ihor

• Department of Ecology, The Institute of Ecological Economics & Management, Ukrainian National Forestry University, Gen. Chyprynka Str. 134, Lviv, 79057, Ukraine

• https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2987-1673

Bibliografia

• 1. Mitryasova O., Pohrebennyk V. 2018. Basin of small rivers as an indicator of the environment state. PeerJ Preprints, 6, e26481v1. https://doi.org/10.7287/peerj.preprints.26481v1
• 2. Humeniuk H., Khomenchuk V., Harmatiy N., Chen I. 2021. Complex assessment and forecasting of chemical pollution of small rivers by economic and mathematical modelling methods. Journal of Geology, Geography and Geoecology, 30(3), 460–469. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.15421/112142
• 3. Eskov E.K., Rosenberg M.A. 2010. Natural biological treatment of the runoff of a small river. News of the Orenburg State Agrarian University, 4(28), 242–243. (In Russian)
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• 6. Mali richky Ukrainy ta yikh okhorona, 2017. [Small rivers of Ukraine and their protection]. (http://epl.org.ua/human-posts/mali-richky-ta-yih-ohorona/).
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• 8. Bortnovskyi Z.V. 2021. Runoff as an indicator of landscape-ecological conditions in basins of small rivers. In: Geographical Environment and Living Systems, 1, 42–52. https://doi.org/10.18384/2712-7621-2021-1-42-52 (In Russian)
• 9. Alekseevskyi N.I. 2000. The concept of geoflow and the state of small rivers. Erosion and channel processes, 3, 66–75. (In Russian)
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• 12. Khatri N., Sanjiv Tyagi. 2015. Influences of natural and anthropogenic factors on surface and groundwater quality in rural and urban areas. Frontiers in Life Science, 8, 23–39. https://doi.org/10.1080/21553769.2014.933716.
• 13. Filimonov V.Y., Lovtskaya O.V., Zinoviev A.T. 2021. Diffuse pollution of small rivers. Features of distribution of dissolved pollutant concentrations. Eurasian Journal of Mathematical and Computer Applications, 9(3), 39–52. https://doi.org/10.32523/2306-6172-2021-9-3-39-52.
• 14. Snitinskyi V.V., Khirovskyi P.R., Hnativ I.R. 2021b. Processes of self-cleaning under the influence of urbanization of territories in the foothills and plains of the river Stryi. Bulletin of LNAU: Agronomy, 25, 30–34. https://doi.org/10.31734/agronomy2021.01.030. (in Ukrainian)
• 15. Kolodnytsia river. https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kolodnytsia_(prava_pritoka_Dnistra).

Uwagi

Opracowanie rekordu ze środków MEiN, umowa nr SONP/SP/546092/2022 w ramach programu "Społeczna odpowiedzialność nauki" - moduł: Popularyzacja nauki i promocja sportu (2022-2023).