Przesłanki do zarządzania krajobrazem kulturowym w obszarach prawnie chronionych – myśli różne

• Autorzy: Myczkowski Z.

Warianty tytułu

EN

Assumptions for administration of cultural landscape in areas being under legal protection – the different ideas

• Języki publikacji: PL

Abstrakty

EN

According to encyclopedic definition – the administration, which us connected in this issue to subject it means to man – contains the special way of conduction of human’s activity who are employed for realization of choose task. It contains creation, control and fluent regulation of rules of use (of norms, plans, instructions) for actual needs of interaction of this task for society an vice versa. Creation of homogenous theory of administration seems to be impossible, so the optimal solutions are rather elaborated for selected problems then the whole system. It worth to be remind at the moment the thoughts of one of famous creator of polish school of landscape architecture – professor Zygmunt Novák, who had said, among others: Only the man is able to put the fire on and he opens with is the great idea and reality, which is called the civilization. He had added also: The civilization as the result gives us, as the sum of society life of human beings the never ending destruction, from one side, which general visual picture are the rubbers’ landscapes, from another one – it develops the artificial forms in lucky cases excellent improved in surroundings and useful for mankind. But parallel this author worn us that improvement of spatial order a priori can be the destructive one. In opposite – the organic improvement of spatial order in different developing activities can be constructive. The difference comes from that, that the first one develops from ready form while the second one – from alive essence which builds form for itself. We know that nowadays it is difficult to say about strict protection, is means about the administration which deals only with conservation and keeps the former state of landscape. Most common and obvious is the protection throughout the creation or together with it. So that in newest Law of protection and care on monuments from 2003, the definition of cultural landscape and the form of its protection by so called cultural park is put dawn on very beginning in first articles and points of this parliament document. So it is interesting in which scale and scope this regulations is next to real life on field of creation and administration of protection of cultural landscape through giving this task for local authorities (community or society of communities) with suport of plan instrumentation, as the element of local law. On that situation influence the rules of European Landscape Convention, being ratified by polish government in 2006, which specifies some of fundamental keywords like: landscape, protection of landscape, politics in landscape, landscape management and administration. At least the different forms with different result of their statement, of spatial way of protection of nature and landscape (including the cultural one), which come from law of nature protection are in Poland. They are: national parks, landscape parks, nature reserves, ecological areas, geological points, landscape‐natural complexes, and areas of protected landscape. In case of those last – in management, financial, planning reality and the administration and social practice – this form of protection of landscape seems to be the empty rule. In accordance to professional experience of author in elaboration of different tasks for national parks; the Tatra, Pieniny, Bieszczady and Świetokrzyski ones and for the landscape parks of Yura, in central and eastern viovodships of Poland and in scope of cultural parks in Cracow, Warsaw‐Wilanów, and of fortresses in Zamość and Przemyśl – he would to share of his thoughts on administration of cultural landscape on different examples. The main idea is the role of expert in activity of administration service on different levels: the central and regional ones (the ministry, the board of national or landscape park, the regional conservatory of monument or nature), the social organizations (councils on ministry level; the culture and environment ones, board of parks, NGOs) and by the local authorities (on level of voivodship, boards of towns or communities and their services) As the complementary subject are the examples of special instructions; for completion and preparing of plan of protection of cultural park, projects of acts of creation of these parks, he state program of protection of monuments an case studies of so called difficult investments in cultural landscapes on examples of historic monumental towns like Sandomierz, Carcow, Oświęcim, Lower Kazimierz or Szydłów.

Słowa kluczowe

PL

krajobraz kulturowy; obszar prawnie chroniony; zarządzanie krajobrazem

EN

cultural landscape; legally protected area; landscape management

• Wydawca: Komisja Krajobrazu Kulturowego Polskiego Towarzystwa Geograficznego
• Czasopismo: Prace Komisji Krajobrazu Kulturowego
• Rocznik: 2008
• Tom: nr 10
• Strony: 326--336
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 10 poz., rys., fot.

Twórcy

autor

Myczkowski Z.

• Politechnika Krakowska, Instytut Architektury Krajobrazu, Kraków, Polska

Bibliografia

• Baranowska‐Janota M., Marcinek R., Myczkowski Z., 2004: Czerwona Księga Krajobrazów Polski, Projekt pilotażowy tematu dla Ministerstwa Ochrony Środowiska, Kraków (rec.): Prof.: R. Olaczka (Uniw. Łódzki), K.H. Wojciechowskiego (UMCS Lublin) i W. Kosińskiego (Politechnika Krakowska).
• Guidelines for Management Planning of Protected Areas, Thomas L., Middleton J., IUCN 2003.
• Kierus M., Pawlaczyk P., 2004: Planowanie ochrony obszarów cennych przyrodniczo. Przewodnik dla praktyków i ich szefów, Wyd. Klub Przyrodników, Świebodzin (tłumaczenie z komentarzem w odniesieniu do polskich uwarunkowań prawnych i praktycznych oryginału angielskiego: E. Iddle, T. Bines, Management Planning for Protected Areas: A guide for practitioners & their bosses. Eurosite 2004; www.eurosite‐nature.org).
• Forczek‐Brataniec U., Łuczyńska‐Bruzda M., Myczkowski Z., Stokłosa K., Skrzyńska A., Środulska‐Wielgus J., Wielgus K., 2004: Struktura planu ochrony parku kulturowego, mpis, Kraków, czerwiec.
• Korzeń J., Myczkowski Z., 2004: Program prac nad opracowaniem dokumentacji dla utworzenia Wilanowskiego Parku Kulturowego, Jelenia Góra, Kraków, Warszawa 28.07.2004.
• Management Guidelines for World Cultural Heritage Sites, Feilden B.M., Jokilehto J.; ICCROM, Rome 1993 (document 27, 2003 r.).
• Management Plans – Concepts and Proposals, Amed S., Giraldo A., Oltremari J., Sanchez R., Valarezo V., Yerena E.; Parques Nacionales y Conservacion Ambiental 2003.
• Myczkowski Z. Tworzenie parku kulturowego – szansa czy zagrożenie? [w:] Problemy dziedzictwa kulturowego w architekturze, (red.): T. Drewniak i B. Szuba, PWSZ Nysa, 2005 /wyd. 2006/ s. 274-278.
• Soldani A., Jankowski D., 2004: Zabytki. Ochrona i opieka. Praktyczny komentarz do nowej ustawy. Tekst Ustawy z dn. 23 lipca 2003 r. ZCO, Zielona Góra.
• Ustawa o ochronie zabytków i opiece nad zabytkami z dn. 23 lipca 2003 r. (Dz. U. Nr 162 z dn. 17.09.2003, poz. 1568, z późn. zm.), w szczególności: art. 16 i 17.