Smary do systemów przekładni – aktualne klasyfikacje i wymagania jakościowe

• Autorzy: Skibińska Agnieszka

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.18668/NG.2021.06.06

Warianty tytułu

EN

Lubricating greases for gear systems – current classifications and quality requirements

• Języki publikacji: PL

Abstrakty

PL

W przypadku smarów plastycznych istnieje niewiele specyfikacji normatywnych określających wymagania w stosunku do nich, poza smarami do specjalistycznych zastosowań wojskowych. W artykule przedstawiono międzynarodową klasyfikację środków smarowych zgodnie z PN-ISO 6743-99 Środki smarowe, oleje przemysłowe i produkty podobne (klasa L) – Klasyfikacja – Część 99: Postanowienia ogólne. Zaprezentowano również klasyfikację smarów zgodnie z PN-ISO 6743-9 Środki smarowe, oleje przemysłowe i produkty podobne (klasa L) – Klasyfikacja – Część 9: Grupa X (Smary plastyczne), a także oznaczenie smarów zgodnie z PN-ISO 12924 Środki smarowe, oleje przemysłowe i produkty podobne (Klasa L) – Grupa X (Smary) – Wymagania. Dla środków smarowych stosowanych w systemach przekładni przedstawiono klasyfikację zgodną z PN-ISO 6743-6 Środki smarowe, oleje przemysłowe i produkty podobne (klasa L) – Klasyfikacja – Część 6: Grupa C (Przekładnie). Zebrano wymagania dla smarów plastycznych do przekładni zgodnie z aktualnymi wersjami norm: PN-C-96015 Środki smarowe – Smary plastyczne klasy G – Klasyfikacja i wymagania, DIN 51826 Lubricants – Lubricating greases G – Classification and requirements, a także projektem ISO/CD 12925-3 Lubricants, Industrial oils and related products (Class L) – Family C (gears). Part 3 – Specifications for greases for enclosed and open gear systems.

EN

There are few normative specifications defining the requirements for lubricating greases, apart from greases for specialized military applications. The article presents the international classification of lubricants according to ISO 6743-99 Lubricants, industrial oils and related products (class L) – Classification – Part 99: General. The classification of greases is presented according to ISO 6743-9 Lubricants, industrial oils and related products (class L) – Classification – Part 9: Family X (Greases) and marking of greases according to ISO 12924 Lubricants, industrial oils and related products (Class L) – Family X (Greases) – Specification. For lubricants used in gear systems, the classification according to ISO 6743-6 Lubricants, industrial oils and related products (class L) – Classification – Part 6: Family C (Gears) was presented. Requirements for lubricating greases for gears have been collected in accordance with the current versions of PN-C96015 Lubricants – Lubricating greases G – Classification and requirement, DIN 51826 Lubricants – Lubricating greases G – Classification and requirements and the project ISO/CD 12925-3 Lubricants, Industrial oils and related products (Class L) – Family C (gears). Part 3 – Specifications for greases for enclosed and open gear systems.

Słowa kluczowe

PL

smary plastyczne; smar; system przekładni; klasyfikacja; wymagania

EN

lubricating greases; grease; gear system; classification; requirements

• Wydawca: Instytut Nafty i Gazu - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
• Czasopismo: Nafta-Gaz
• Rocznik: 2021
• Tom: R. 77, nr 6
• Strony: 400--407
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 58 poz.

Twórcy

autor

Skibińska Agnieszka

• Instytut Nafty i Gazu – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy

Bibliografia

• ASTM D 1478-20 Standard Test Method for Low-Temperature Torque of Ball Bearing Grease.
• ASTM D 2596-20 Standard Test method for measurement of extreme-pressure properties of lubricating grease (Four-ball method).
• ASTM D 6081-19 Standard Practice for Aquatic Toxicity Testing of Lubricants: Sample Preparation and Results Interpretation.
• ASTM D 6866:2018 Standard Test Method for Determining the Bio-based Content of Solid, Liquid and Gaseous Samples using Radiocarbon Analysis.
• DIN 51350-4:2015 Testing of lubricants – Testing in the four-ball tester – Part 4: Determination of welding load of consistent lubricants.
• DIN 51562-1:1999 Viscometry – Measurement of kinematic viscosity by means of the Ubbelohde viscometer – Part 1: Viscometer specification and measurement procedure.
• DIN 51802:2017 Testing of lubricants – Testing of the rust-prevention properties of greases – SKF-Emcor-method.
• DIN 51805:1974 Testing of lubricants; determination of flow pressure of lubricating greases, Kesternich method.
• DIN 51805:2016 Testing of lubricants – Determination of flow pressure of lubricating greases according to Kesternich method – Part 2: Automatic method.
• DIN 51807-1:2014 Testing of lubricants – Test of the behaviour of lubricating greases in the presence of water – Part 1: Static test.
• DIN 51807-1:2020 Testing of lubricants – Test of the behaviour of lubricating greases in the presence of water – Part 1: Static test.
• DIN 51811:2017 Testing of lubricants – Testing of corrosiveness to copper of greases – Copper strip tarnish test.
• DIN 51813:2016 Testing of lubricants – Determination of the content of foreign solid matters in lubricating greases – Particle sizes above 25 µm.
• DIN 51819-2:2016 Testing of lubricants – Mechanical-dynamic testing in the roller bearing test apparatus FE8 – Part 2: Test method for
• lubricating greases – applied test bearing: oblique ball bearing or tapered roller bearing.
• DIN 51820-1:1989 Testing of lubricants; analysis of greases by infrared spectrometry; taking and evaluating an infrared spectrum.
• DIN 51821-2:2016 Testing of lubricants – Test using the FAG roller bearing grease testing apparatus FE9 – Part 2: Test method.
• DIN 51826:2015 Lubricants – Lubricating greases G – Classification and requirements.
• DIN 51828-1:2000 Testing of lubricants and related products – Determination of the rapid biodegradability – Part 1: General.
• DIN 51828-2:1999 Testing of lubricants and related products – Determination of the rapid biodegradability – Part 2: Infrared spectrometric method.
• DIN ISO 14635-3:2011 Gears – FZG test procedures – Part 3: FZG test method A/2.8/50 for relative scuffing load-carrying capacity and wear characteristics of semifluid gear greases (ISO 14635-3:2005).
• DIN ISO 2176:1997 Petroleum products – Lubricating grease – Determination of dropping point (ISO 2176:1995).
• IP 186:2015 Determination of low temperature torque of lubricating grease.
• IP 239:2015 Determination of extreme pressure and anti-wear properties of lubricating fluid and greases – four ball method (European conditions).
• IP 396:2017 Determination of dropping point of lubricating grease – Automatic apparatus method.
• ISO 1817:2015 Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic – Determination of the effect of liquids.
• ISO 2137:2007 Petroleum products and lubricants – Determination of cone penetration of lubricating greases and petrolatum.
• ISO 2160:1998 Petroleum products – Corrosiveness to copper – Copper strip test.
• ISO 2176:1995 Petroleum products – Lubricating grease – Determination of dropping point.
• ISO 3104:2020 Petroleum products – Transparent and opaque liquids – Determination of kinematic viscosity and calculation of dynamic viscosity.
• ISO 3733:1999 Petroleum products and bituminous materials – Determination of water – Distillation method.
• ISO 6299:1998 Petroleum products – Determination of dropping point of lubricating greases (wide temperature range).
• ISO 6341:2012 Water quality – Determination of the inhibition of the mobility of Daphnia magna Straus (Cladocera, Crustacea) – Acute toxicity test.
• ISO 7346-1:1996 Water quality – Determination of the acute lethal toxicity of substances to a freshwater fish [Brachydanio rerio HamiltonBuchanan (Teleostei, Cyprinidae)] – Part 1: Static method.
• ISO 8692:2012 Water quality – Fresh water algal growth inhibition test with unicellular green alga.
• ISO 9408:1999 Water quality – Evaluation of ultimate aerobic biodegradability of organic compounds in aqueous medium by determination of the oxygen demand in a closed respirometer.
• ISO 9439:1999 Water quality – Evaluation of ultimate aerobic biodegradability of organic compounds in aqueous medium – Carbon dioxide evolution test.
• ISO 10253:2008 Water quality – Marine algal growth inhibition test with Skeletonema costatum and Phaeodactylum tricornutum.
• ISO 11007:1997 Petroleum products and lubricants – Determination of rust-prevention characteristics of lubricating greases.
• ISO 11009:2000 Petroleum products and lubricants – Determination of water washout characteristics of lubricating greases.
• ISO 12925-1:2018 Lubricants, industrial oils and related products (class L) – Family C (gears) – Part 1: Specifications for lubricants for enclosed gear systems.
• ISO/CD 12925-2:2019 Lubricants, Industrial oils and related products (Class L) – Family C (gears) – Part 2: Specifications of categories
• CKH, CKJ and CKM (lubricants open and semi-enclosed gear systems).
• ISO/CD 12925-3:2020 Lubricants, Industrial oils and related products (Class L) – Family C (gears) – Part 3 – Specifications for greases for enclosed and open gear systems.
• ISO 13737:2004 Petroleum products and lubricants – Determination of low-temperature cone penetration of lubricating greases.
• ISO 14593:1999 Water quality – Evaluation of ultimate aerobic biodegradability of organic compounds in aqueous medium – Method by analysis of inorganic carbon in sealed vessels (CO2 headspace test).
• ISO 14635-1:2000 Gears – FZG test procedures – Part 1: FZG test method A/8,3/90 for relative scuffing load-carrying capacity of oils.
• ISO 14635-3:2005 Gears – FZG test procedures – Part 3: FZG test method A/2,8/50 for relative scuffing load-carrying capacity and wear characteristics of semifluid gear greases.
• ISO 14669:1999 Water quality – Determination of acute lethal toxicity to marine copepods (Copepoda, Crustacea).
• ISO 16221:2001 Water quality – Guidance for determination of biodegradability in the marine environment.
• ISO 22285:2018 Petroleum products and lubricants – Determination of oil separation from grease – Pressure filtration method.
• ISO 22286:2018 Petroleum products and lubricants – Determination of the dropping point of grease with an automatic apparatus.
• NF T60-627:2019 Mineralölerzeugnisse und Schmiermittel – Bestimmung des Tropfpunktes von Fett mit einem automatischen Gerät.
• OECD 208:2006 Terrestrial Plant Test – Seedling Emergence and Seedling Growth Test.
• PN-C-96015:2014 Środki smarowe – Smary plastyczne klasy G – Klasyfikacja i wymagania.
• PN-ISO 12924:2012 Środki smarowe, oleje przemysłowe i produkty podobne (klasa L) – Grupa X (Smary) – Wymagania.
• PN-ISO 6743-6:2020 Środki smarowe, oleje przemysłowe i produkty podobne (klasa L) – Klasyfikacja – Część 6: Grupa C (Przekładnie).
• PN-ISO 6743-9:2009 Środki smarowe, oleje przemysłowe i produkty podobne (klasa L) – Klasyfikacja – Część 9: Grupa X (Smary plastyczne).
• PN-ISO 6743-99:2009 Środki smarowe, oleje przemysłowe i produkty podobne (klasa L) – Klasyfikacja – Część 99: Postanowienia ogólne.
• PN-ISO 8681:2017 Przetwory naftowe i środki smarowe – Metoda klasyfikacji – Definicja klas.

Uwagi

Opracowanie rekordu ze środków MNiSW, umowa Nr 461252 w ramach programu "Społeczna odpowiedzialność nauki" - moduł: Popularyzacja nauki i promocja sportu (2021).