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The main objective of the paper is to estimate the influence of time of concentration (TC) on maximum flow in an urbanized watershed. The calculations of maximum flow have been carried out using the Rational method, Technical Release 55 (TR55) procedure based on NRCS (National Resources Conservation Services) guidelines, and NRCS-UH rainfall-runoff model. Similarly, three methods were used to calculate the overland flow component of the TC: the Kerby method, the Morgali and Linsley method and the NRCS travel time method. The TC was calculated in a watershed located in Krakow city in Poland, małopolskie voivodeship. Total area of the watershed has about 180 ha. It’s a highly urbanized watershed with a significant land cover (29.6% of total area) influencing the runoff, in the form of an impervious industrial area. The highest value of time of concentration was achieved for Morgali and Lindley method in case of the subwatershed with dominant pervious areas, as opposed to the NRCS method for the subwatershed with dominant impervious areas. The highest value of TC was obtained for NRCS method. With reference to the whole watershed, the highest values of the time of concentration were obtained for the MorgaliandLindley method and the lowest for the Kerby formula. Based on this study, authors recomended the Kerby method for estimating TC for overland surface dominated areas because this method requires only a small number of input parameters, that are straightforward to estimate.
Słowa kluczowe
Czasopismo
Rocznik
Tom
Strony
7--19
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 19 poz., tab.
Twórcy
autor
- Center for Forested Wetlands Research USDA Forest Service Southern Research Station 3734 Highway 402 Cordesville, SC 29434
autor
- Uniwersytet Rolniczy w Krakowie Katedra Inżynierii Sanitarnej i Gospodarki Wodnej 30-059 Kraków, al. Mickiewicza 24/28
autor
- Uniwersytet Rolniczy w Krakowie Katedra Inżynierii Sanitarnej i Gospodarki Wodnej 30-059 Kraków, al. Mickiewicza 24/28
Bibliografia
- Aron G., Erborge C.E. 1973. A practical feasibility study of flood peak abatement in urban areas: Sacramento, Calif., U.S. Army Corps of Engineers.
- Banasik K. 2009. Wyznaczanie wezbrań powodziowych w małych zlewniach zurbanizowanych. Wyd. SGGW, Warszawa.
- Belete M.A. 2009. Synthetic Unit Hydrographs in the Upper Awash and Tekeze Basins. Methods, Procedures and models. VDM Verlag Dr Muller.
- Bogdanowicz E., Stachy J. 1998. Charakterystyki projektowe. Mat. Bad., ser. Hydrol. Oceanol. 23, IMGW, Warszawa.
- Cebulak E., Czekierda D., Niedźwiedź T. 2000. Uwarunkowania klimatyczne tworzenia się powodzi. [In:] Model kompleksowej ochrony przed powodzią w obszarze dorzecza górnej Wisły na przykładzie woj. małopolskiego, red. M. Maciejewski, IMGW w Krakowie.
- DVWK 1984. Niederschlag – Starkegenauswertung nach Wiederkehrzeit und Dauer. Regeln 124, Verlag Paul Parey, Hamburg.
- Fang X., Thompson D. B., Cleveland T.G., Pradhan P., Malla R. 2007. Time of Concentration Estimated Using Watershed Parameters Determined by Automated and Manual Methods. J. Irrigat. Drain. Engin. 3–4, 202–211.
- Green J.I., Nelson E.J. 2002. Calculation of time of concentration for hydrologic design and analysis using geographic information system vector objects. J. Hydroinf. 04.2, 75–81.
- Maidment D.R. 1993. Handbook of Hydrology. McGraw Hill, Inc., New York.
- McCuen R. 1989. Hydrologic Analysis and Design, Prentice Hall, New Jersey.
- Niedźwiedź T. 1989. Heavy rainfalls in Cracow. Zesz. Nauk. UJ, Prace Geograf. 75, 11–22.
- NRCS 1986. Urban Hydrology for Small Watershed. TR55. 1986. USDA Natural resources Conservation Service, Washington, D.C.
- Ponce V.M. 1989. Engineering Hydrology: Principles and Practices. Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey.
- Roussel M.C., Thompson D.B., Fang X., Cleveland T.G., Garcia C.A. 2005. Time-Parameter Estimation For Applicable Texas Watersheds. Research Report 0–4696–2. Lamar University.
- SHA 2005. Application of Hydrologic Methods in Maryland. U.S. State Highway Administration.
- Thompson D.B. 2007. The Rational Method, http://drdbthompson.net/writings/rational.pdf.
- Trommer J.T., Loper J.E., Hammett K.M., Bowman G. 1996. Comparison of estimated and observed stormwater runoff for fifteen watershed in west-central Florida, using five common design techniques. USGS Open File Report 96–129, Tallahassee, Florida.
- US ACE 2009. Hydrologic Modelling System HEC-HMS, 2009. User’s Manual. US Army Corps of Engineers. Hydrologic Engineering Center, U.S.A.
- Weinerowska-Borys K. 2010. Czas koncentracji w uproszczonych obliczeniach odpływu ze zlewni zurbanizowanych. [In:] Hydrologia w inżynierii i gospodarce wodnej. T.1, red. B. Więzik, Monografie Komitetu Inżynierii Środowiska PAN, vol. 68, Warszawa, 367–377.
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-25b556fe-4772-4b36-99d9-fa5eb4acbcb6