Nuclear and radiation safety and security

• Autorzy: Niewodniczański J.
• Konferencja: International Conference on Recent Developments and Applications of Nuclear Technologies (15-17.09 2008 ; Białowieża, Poland)
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

All applications of nuclear materials as well as of any sources of ionizing radiation are accompanied by a risk of radioactive contamination of the environment or unnecessary overexposure of workers and the general public. Such an incident may result from malfunctioning of devices (radiation sources, shields, monitoring systems etc.) or a diversion from accepted procedures; it may be also intentional (sabotage or terrorist actions). All such incidents may be harmful for the victims, but they also may ruin the image of a given technology, irrespectively of the country or institution where it has occurred. Safe, secure, peaceful and efficient use of nuclear energy as well as of any source of ionizing radiation requires sustainable tools, including infrastructure that provides legal, regulatory, technological, human and industrial support for that programme. Therefore, the measures assuring radiation and nuclear safety and security, including physical protection of nuclear materials and radioactive sources, originate from internationally established and controlled principles on which obligatory national regulations are based. Evolution of technologies and changes of global or regional political situation may lead to new threats which creates a need to introduce new legal and institutional instruments, both national and international. Poland seems to be well situated in the present nuclear and radiation safety and security system.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

nuclear safety; nuclear security; radiation protection; safety; security culture; safeguards

• Wydawca: Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology
• Czasopismo: Nukleonika
• Rocznik: 2008
• Tom: Vol. 53, suppl. 2
• Strony: 5--10
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 14 poz.

Twórcy

autor

Niewodniczański J.

• National Atomic Energy Agency, 36 Krucza Str., 00-522 Warsaw, Poland, Tel.: [phone], Fax: [phone]

Bibliografia

• 1. Act of the Parliament Atomic Law (2007) Polish Official Journal, no. 42, item 276, amended
• 2. Council Directive 96/29/Euratom of 13 May 1996 laying down basic safety standards for the protection of the health of workers and the general public against the dangers arising from ionizing radiation (1996) OJ L 159, 29.6, pp 1–114
• 3.Fischer D (1997) History of the International Atomic Energy Agency, the first forty years. IAEA, Vienna
• 4.Hewlett RG, Holl JM (1989) Atoms for peace and war: 1953–1961. Eisenhower and the Atomic Energy Commission, University of California Press, Berkeley, USA
• 5. http://www.iaea.org/About/Policy/MemberStates/index.html
• 6. http://www.iaea.org/programmes/a2/index.html
• 7. http://www-pub.iaea.org/MTCD/publications/accres.asp?p=1
• 8. IAEA (1996) International Basic Safety Standards for Protection against Ionizing Radiation and for the Safety of Radiation Sources. Safety Series no 115. IAEA, Vienna
• 9. IAEA (2000) Code of Conduct on the Safety and Security of Radioactive Sources. IAEA, Vienna
• 10. IAEA (2007) IAEA Safety Glossary, Terminology used in Nuclear Safety and Radiological Protection – 2007 edition. IAEA, Vienna
• 11. ICRP (1959) Recommendations of the International Commission on Radiological Protection 1959. ICRP Publication 1. Pergamon Press, Oxford
• 12. ICRP (1991) Recommendations of the International Commission on Radiological Protection 1990. ICRP Publication 60, Annales of the ICRP 21 (1-3). Pergamon Press, Oxford
• 13. ICRP (1998) International Commission on Radiological Protection, history, policies, procedures. Elsevier Science Ltd, Oxford
• 14. ICRP (2006) International Commission on Radiological Protection Supporting Guidance 4: Development of the draft 2005 Recommendations of the ICRP Series 99. Elsevier Science Ltd, Oxford