Geochemistry of the Heavy Metals in the Tansrift Mine (Atlas of Beni Mellal, Morocco) – A Pollution Assessment

• Autorzy: Ouahzizi Youssef , Charroud Mohamed , Ait Ali Abdelkhiar , Choukrad Jaouad , El Azzab Driss

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.12912/27197050/181536

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

The Tansrift mine is an open-pit exploitation mine that mines copper substances. It is located on the southwestern flank of the Beni Mellal Atlas, 9 km Northeast of Ouaouizaght village. The mining activity delivered about 650 000 t of 1.5% Cu, with an estimated reserve of 1 Mt to 1.32% Cu. In this study, seven hazardous heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, Zn, Fe, and Ni) have been studied in the tailing and exploitation of the Tansrift mining district. The geochemical analysis contents of the metals were measured in the samples collected from this area. In addition, the pollution indexes, including the geo-accumulation index, the enrichment factor, the contamination factor, and the pollution load index, were used to assess pollution levels caused by those heavy metals. The Igeo index revealed a high to extreme copper contamination with a value above 4. As for the contamination factor, extreme and moderate contamination is shown by the copper and chrome in the totality of the exploitation and tailing areas. Moreover, the pollution load index shows very high pollution in all samples. The climatic conditions are also affecting the pollution of the atmosphere by contaminated dust and the water table and watershed by the contamination from the tailings and mineralized structures.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

Tansrift mine; heavy metals; tailing; environmental impact; copper mineralization; pollution index

• Wydawca: Lubelski Oddział Polskiego Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej ; Lublin University of Technology ; WNGB Wydawnictwo Naukowe
• Czasopismo: Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology
• Rocznik: 2024
• Tom: Vol. 25, iss. 3
• Strony: 253--263
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 34 poz., rys., tab.

Twórcy

autor

Ouahzizi Youssef

• Intelligent Systems, Georessources and Renewable Energy Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences and Technics, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, BP 2202, Fez, Morocco

• https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0583-2522

autor

Charroud Mohamed

• Intelligent Systems, Georessources and Renewable Energy Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences and Technics, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, BP 2202, Fez, Morocco

• https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1097-5894

autor

Ait Ali Abdelkhiar

• Intelligent Systems, Georessources and Renewable Energy Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences and Technics, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, BP 2202, Fez, Morocco

• https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7224-0674

autor

Choukrad Jaouad

• Intelligent Systems, Georessources and Renewable Energy Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences and Technics, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, BP 2202, Fez, Morocco

• https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7303-2781

autor

El Azzab Driss

• Intelligent Systems, Georessources and Renewable Energy Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences and Technics, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, BP 2202, Fez, Morocco

• https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0306-6932

Bibliografia

• 1. Abouian Jahromi, M., Jamshidi-Zanjani, A., Khodadadi Darban, A. 2020. Heavy metal pollution and human health risk assessment for exposure to surface soil of mining area: a comprehensive study. Environ Earth Sci, 79, 365. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-020-09110-3
• 2. Akujobi, C.O., Odu, N.N., Okorondu, S.I. 2012. Bioaccumulation of lead by Bacillus species isolated from pig waste. Journal of research in Biology, 2, 83–9.
• 3. Assabar, N., Lahmidi, I., Jabrane, R. 2023. Assessment of heavy metals contamination in spoil heaps of Ain Aouda Mine (Taza, Morocco). Journal of Ecological Engineering, 24(3), 224-231.
• 4. Barakat, A., El Harti, O., Ennaji, W. 2022. Environment pollution from heavy metals in soils surrounding the abdondoned mine of Tansrift (Central High Atlas, Morocco). Agricult Forest, 68. https://doi.org/10.17707/AgricultForest.68.2.16
• 5. Bathla, S., Jain, T. 2016. Heavy metals toxicity. International Journal of Health Sciences and Research, 6, 361–368.
• 6. Blanquet, J., Bonnomet, V., Coquery, M., Gaudillot, A. 2004. Devenir et comportement des métaux dans l’eau: biodisponibilité et modèles. BLMN at EnvironInd et Risques, Inst87. [WWW] (Accessed 1.16.24).
• 7. Charrière, A., Haddoumi, H. 2016. Les «Couches rouges» continentales jurassico-crétacées des Atlas marocains (Moyen Atlas, Haut Atlas central et oriental): bilan stratigraphique, paléogéographies successives et cadre géodynamique. Boletin Geologico y Minero, 127, 407–430.
• 8. Derouiche, S., Cheradid, T., Guessoum, M. 2020. Heavy metals, oxidative stress and inflammation in pathophysiology of chronic kidney disease-a review. Asian Journal of Pharmacy and Technology, 10, 202–206.
• 9. El Hachimi, M.L. 2006. Les districts miniers Aouli-Mibladen-Zeïda, abondonnés dans la Haute Moulouya (Maroc) : potentiel de pollution et impact sur l’environnement. [WWW Document]. Thèse de doctorat, Université IBN Tofail, Kénitra.
• 10. El Hachimi, M.L., Bouabdli, A., Fekhaoui, M. 2013. Les rejets miniers de traitement: caractérisation, capacité polluante et impacts environnementaux, mine Zeïda, mine Mibladen, Haute Moulouya (Maroc). Environnement, Ingénierie & Développement.
• 11. Ettachfini, E.M., Andreu, B. 2004. Le Cénomanien et le Turonien de la Plate-forme Préafricaine du Maroc. Cretaceous Research, 25, 277–302.
• 12. Hakenson, L. 1980. An ecological risk index for aquatic pollution control: a sediment eological approach. Water Ires, 14, 975–100.
• 13. Ibouh, H., Michard, A., Hibti, M., Elamari, K. 2011. Le cuivre des Couches Rouges de Tansrift (Atlas d’Azilal) / The Copper Deposit of the Tansrift Red Beds (Azilal Atlas). Note et Mémoires du Services Géologique du Maroc, 9, 281–286.
• 14. Ibrahim, D., Froberg, B., Wolf, A., Rusyniak, D.E. 2006. Heavy metal poisoning: clinical presentations and pathophysiology. Clinics in Laboratory Medicine, 26, 67–97.
• 15. Karaouzas, I., Kapetanaki, N., Mentzafou, A., Kanellopoulos, T.D., Skoulikidis, N., 2021. Heavy metal contamination status in Greek surface waters: A review with application and evaluation of pollution indices. Chemosphere, 263, 128192.
• 16. Kowalska, J.B., Mazurek, R., Gąsiorek, M., Zaleski, T., 2018. Pollution indices as useful tools for the comprehensive evaluation of the degree of soil contamination – A review. Environ Geochem Health, 40, 2395–2420. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10653-018-0106-z
• 17. Lakrim, M., El Aroussi, O., Mesrar, L., Jabrane, R., 2012. Localisation des zones vulnérables ŕ la contamination par le dma, moyennant le SIG: Cas de la mine de fer de nador (Maroc Nord Oriental). Geomaghreb, 8, 15–23.
• 18. Lakrim, M., Mesrar, L., El Aroussi, O., Lahrach, A., El garouani, A., Ben Abidate, L., Tabyaoui, H., Chaouni, A., Jabrane, R. 2011. Impact study of mining waste from the Nador mine on the environment (North-East of Morocco) The Journal of Water and Environment Review, 18, 76.
• 19. Monbaron, M. 1985. Carte géologique du Maroc au 1/100 000, feuille Béni Mellal. Notes et Mémoires du Service Géologique du Maroc, 341.
• 20. Müller, G. 1969. Index of Geo-Accumulation in Sediments of the Rhine River.
• 21. Nouaim, W., Rambourg, D., El Harti, A., Abderrahim, E., Merzouki, M., Karaoui, I. 2023. The estimation of water erosion with RUSLE and deposition model: A case study of the Bin El-Ouidane dam catchment area (High Atlas, Morocco). Journal of Water and Land Development, 136–147. https://doi.org/10.24425/jwld.2023.146606
• 22. Oumenskou, H., El Baghdadi, M., Barakat, A., Aquit, M., Ennaji, W., Karroum, L.A., Aadraoui, M. 2019. Multivariate statistical analysis for spatial evaluation of physicochemical properties of agricultural soils from Beni-Amir irrigated perimeter, Tadla plain, Morocco. Geology, Ecology, and Landscapes, 3, 83–94. https://doi.org/10.1080/24749508.2018.1504272
• 23. Podgórska, M., Jóźwiak, M. 2023. Heavy metals contamination of post-mining mounds of former iron-ore mining activity. Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13762-023-05206-y
• 24.Raj, K., Kaur, P., Gupta, G.D., Singh, S. 2021. Metals associated neurodegeneration in Parkinson’s disease: Insight to physiological, pathological mechanisms and management. Neuroscience Letters, 753, 135873.
• 25. Rubio, B., Nombela, M.A., Vilas, F. 2000. Geochemistry of major and trace elements in sediments of the Ria de Vigo (NW Spain): an assessment of metal pollution. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 40, 968-980. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0025-326X(00)00039-4
• 26. Selvaraj, K., Mohan, V.R., Szefer, P. 2004. Evaluation of metal contamination in coastal sediments of the Bay of Bengal, India: geochemical and statistical approaches. Marine Pollution Bulletin, 49, 174–185.
• 27. Slowik, T., Jackowska, I., Piekarski, W. 2008. The problems of environmental pollution by the transport infrastructure on the example of the Roztocze National Park. Acta Agrophysica, 5.
• 28. Souhel, A., Canerot, J., Andreu, B. 1986. Précisions stratigraphiques et sédimentologiques sur le Jurassique moyen-supérieur et le Crétacé inférieur-moyen dy Synclinal d’Aït Attab (Haut-Atlas Central, Maroc).
• 29. Souhel, A., Gharib, A., Bouchouata, A., Canérot, J. 1993. Jurassic rift deposits in Central High Atlas: platform to the basin envi-ronments and sequence stratigraphy. In: 14th International Association of Sedimentologists, Regional Meeting, Marrakech, Fieldtrip Guidebook. University Cadi Ayyad, Marrakech, Morocco, 55–75.
• 30. Steinnes, E., Allen, R.O., Petersen, H.M., Rambæk, J.P., Varskog, P. 1997. Evidence of large scale heavy-metal contamination of natural surface soils in Norway from long-range atmospheric transport. Science of the Total Environment, 205, 255–266.
• 31. Sun, Z., Xie, X., Wang, P., Hu, Y., Cheng, H. 2018. Heavy metal pollution caused by small-scale metal ore mining activities: A case study from a polymetallic mine in South China. Science of the Total Environment, 639, 217–227.
• 32. Sutherland, R.A. 2000. Bed sediment-associated trace metals in an urban stream, Oahu, Hawaii. Environmental Geology, 39, 611–627. https://doi.org/10.1007/s002540050473
• 33. Wang, P., Sun, Z., Hu, Y., Cheng, H., 2019. Leaching of heavy metals from abandoned mine tailings brought by precipitation and the associated environmental impact. Science of the Total Environment, 695, 133893.
• 34. Zoller, W.H., Gladney, E.S., Duce, R.A. 1974. Atmospheric Concentrations and Sources of Trace Metals at the South Pole. Science, 183, 198–200. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.183.4121.198

Uwagi

Opracowanie rekordu ze środków MNiSW, umowa nr SONP/SP/546092/2022 w ramach programu "Społeczna odpowiedzialność nauki" - moduł: Popularyzacja nauki i promocja sportu (2024).