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On Employing a Savitzky-Golay Filtering Stage to Improve Performance of Spectrum Sensing in CR Applications Concerning VDSA Approach

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Warianty tytułu
Języki publikacji
EN
Abstrakty
EN
In this paper, a filtering stage based on employing a Savitzky-Golay (SG) filter is proposed to be used in the spectrum sensing phase of a Cognitive Radio (CR) communication paradigm for Vehicular Dynamic Spectrum Access (VDSA). It is used to smooth the acquired spectra, which constitute the input for a spectrum sensing algorithm. The sensing phase is necessary, since VDSA is based on an opportunistic approach to the spectral resource, and the opportunities are represented by the user-free spectrum zones, to be detected through the sensing phase. Each filter typology presents peculiarities in terms of its computational cost, de-noising ability and signal shape reconstruction. The SG filtering properties are compared with those of the linear Moving Average (MA) filter, widely used in the CR framework. Important improvements are proposed.
Rocznik
Strony
295--308
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 20 poz., rys., tab., wykr.
Twórcy
autor
  • University of Naples Federico II, Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, Claudio 21, 80125 Naples, Italy
  • University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, Department of Electrical and Information Engineering, G. Di Biasio 43, 03043 Cassino, Italy
autor
  • University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, Department of Electrical and Information Engineering, G. Di Biasio 43, 03043 Cassino, Italy
autor
  • University of Cassino and Southern Lazio, Department of Electrical and Information Engineering, G. Di Biasio 43, 03043 Cassino, Italy
autor
  • University of Salerno, Department of Business Studies and Research (Management & Information Technology) – SIMASLab, Giovanni Paolo II 132, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
Bibliografia
  • [1] European Parliament and Council of the European Union (2010). Directive 2010/40/EU - on the framework for the deployment of Intelligent Transport Systems in the field of road transport and for interfaces with other modes of transport, Brussels, Belgium, 1-13.
  • [2] Chen, S. (2012). Vehicular Dynamic Spectrum Access: Using Cognitive Radio for Automobile Networks. Ph.D. Dissertation. Worcester Polytechnic Institute.
  • [3] Jiang, D., Delgrossi, L. (2008). IEEE 802.11p: Towards an international standard for wireless access in vehicular environments. Proc. of IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference VTC 2008, 2036-2040.
  • [4] Gozalvez, J., Sepulcre, M., Bauza, R. (2012). IEEE 802.11p vehicle to infrastructure communications in urban environments. IEEE Communications Magazine, 50(5), 176‒183.
  • [5] Fernandez, J.A., Borries, K., Cheng, L., Kumar, B.V.K.V., Stancil, D.D., Bai, F. (2012). Performance of the 802.11p Physical Layer in Vehicle-to-Vehicle Environments. IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, 61(1), 3‒14.
  • [6] Donato, E.A., Maia Menezes, J.G., Madeira, E.R.M., Villas, L.A. (2015). Impact of 802.11p Channel Hopping on VANET Communication Protocols. IEEE Latin America Transactions, 13(1), 315‒320.
  • [7] Van de Beek, J., Riihijarvi, J., Achtzehn, A., Mahonen, P. (2012). TV White Space in Europe. IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing, 11(2), 178‒188.
  • [8] Taher, T. Bacchus, R., Zdunek, K., Roberson, D. (2011). Long-term spectral occupancy findings in Chicago. Proc. of 2011 IEEE Symposium on New Frontiers in Dynamic Spectrum Access Networks (DySPAN), 100-107.
  • [9] López-Benı́t ez, M., Casadevall, F. (2012). Improved energy detection spectrum sensing for cognitive radio. IET Communications, 6(8), 785‒796.
  • [10] Narieda, S., Kageyama, T. (2013). Simple spectrum sensing techniques based on cyclostationarity detection in cognitive radio networks. Electronics Letters, 49(17), 1108-1109.
  • [11] Jiang, C., Li, Y., Bai, W., Yang, Y., Hu, J. (2012). Statistical matched filter based robust spectrum sensing in noise uncertainty environment. Proc. of 2012 IEEE 14th International Conference on Communication Technology, 1209-1213.
  • [12] Yucek, T., Arslan, H. (2009). A survey of spectrum sensing algorithms for cognitive radio applications. IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials, 11(1), 116‒130.
  • [13] Angrisani, L., Capriglione, D., Ferrigno, L., Miele, G. (2013). PSD estimation in cognitive radio systems: a performance analysis. Proc. of 19th IMEKO TC-4 Symposium Measurements of Electrical Quantities, 543-548.
  • [14] Angrisani, L., Capriglione, D., Ferrigno, L., Miele, G. (2013). A measurement algorithm for frequency agility in cognitive radio. Proc. of 2013 IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference, 371-376.
  • [15] Angrisani, L., Capriglione, D., Cerro, G., Ferrigno, L., Miele, G. (2014). The effect of Savitzky-Golay smoothing filter on the performance of a vehicular dynamic spectrum access method. Proc. of 20th IMEKO TC4, 1116-1121.
  • [16] Angrisani, L., Capriglione, D., Cerro, G., Ferrigno, L., Miele, G. (2014). Proposal and analysis of new algorithms for wideband spectrum sensing in cognitive radio. Proc. of 2014 IEEE International Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference, 701-706.
  • [17] Savitzky, A., Golay, M.J.E. (1964). Smoothing and differentiation of data by simplified least-squares procedures. Anal. Chem., 1627-1639.
  • [18] Schafer, R. (2011). What is a Savitzky-Golay filter? Lecture Notes. IEEE Signal Processing Magazine, 28(4), 111-117.
  • [19] Krishnan, S.R., Seelamantula, C.S. (2013). On the Selection of Optimum Savitzky-Golay Filters. IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, 61(2), 380‒391.
  • [20] Smith, S. (1997). The Scientist and Engineer’s Guide to Digital Signal Processing. Moving Average filters. www.dspguide.com
Uwagi
PL
Opracowanie ze środków MNiSW w ramach umowy 812/P-DUN/2016 na działalność upowszechniającą naukę.
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
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