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Accurate prediction of power loss distribution within an electrical device is highly desirable as it allows thermal behavior to be evaluated at the early design stage. Three-dimensional (3-D) and two-dimensional (2-D) finite element analysis (FEA) is applied to calculate dc and ac copper losses in the armature winding at high-frequency sinusoidal currents. The main goal of this paper is showing the end-winding effect on copper losses. Copper losses at high frequency are dominated by the skin and proximity effects. A time-varying current has a tendency to concentrate near the surfaces of conductors, and if the frequency is very high, the current is restricted to a very thin layer near the conductor surface. This phenomenon of nonuniform distribution of time-varying currents in conductors is known as the skin effect. The term proximity effect refers to the influence of alternating current in one conductor on the current distribution in another, nearby conductor. To evaluate the ac copper loss within the analyzed machine a simplified approach is adopted using one segment of stator core. To demonstrate an enhanced copper loss due to ac operation, the dc and ac resistances are calculated. The resistances ratio ac to dc is strongly dependent on frequency, temperature, shape of slot and size of slot opening.
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211--225
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 18 poz., rys., tab., wz.
Twórcy
autor
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Automatic Control and Informatics, Opole University of Technology Prószkowska 76, 45-758 Opole, Poland
autor
- Rzeszow University of Technology, The Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering. W. Pola 2, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland
autor
- Rzeszow University of Technology, The Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering. W. Pola 2, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland
autor
- Rzeszow University of Technology, The Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering. W. Pola 2, 35-959 Rzeszów, Poland
Bibliografia
- [1] Hendershot J.R., Miller T.J.E., Design of brushless permanent-magnet machines. Published in the USA by Motor Design Books LLC, 102 Triano Circle, Venice, Florida, 34292, USA (2010).
- [2] Kazimierczuk M.K.: High-frequency magnetic components. (Wiley, 2nd edn. 2009)
- [3] Wojda R.P., Kazimierczuk M.K., Analytical optimization of solid-round-wire winding. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics 60(3): 1033-1041 (2013).
- [4] Hiroki Shinagawa, Takayuki Suzuki, Masahiro Noda, Yusuke Shimura, Shigemi Enoki, Tsutomu Mizuno, Theoretical analysis of AC resistance in coil using magnetoplated wire. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics 45(9): 3251-3259 (2009).
- [5] Iwasaki S., Deodhar R.P, Yong Liu et al., Influence of PWM on the proximity loss in permanentmagnet brushless AC machines. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications 45(4): 1359-1367 (2009).
- [6] Thomas A.S., Zhu Z.Q., Jewell G.W., Proximity loss study in high speed flux – switching permanent magnet machine. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics 45(10): 4748-4751 (2009).
- [7] Carretero C., Acero J., Alonso R., Burdio J.M., Monterde F., Embedded ring-type inductors modelling with application to induction heating systems. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics 45(12): 5333-5343 (2009).
- [8] Xi Nan, Sullivan C.R., An equivalent complex permeability model for Litz-wire windings. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications 45(2): 854-860 (2009).
- [9] Petkov R., Optimum design of a high-power, high-frequency transformer. IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics 11(1): 33-42 (1996).
- [10] Cedrat: Flux3D. User’s Guide 3 (2008).
- [11] Wu L.J., Zhu Z.Q., Staton D. et al., Analytical model of eddy current loss in winding of permanentmagnet machines accounting for load. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics 48(7): 2138-2151 (2012).
- [12] Jinxin Fan, Chengning Zhang, Zhifu Wang et al., Thermal analysis of permanent magnet motor for the electric vehicle application considering driving duty cycle. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics 46(6): 2493-2496 (2010).
- [13] Idoughi L., Mininger X., Bouillault F., Bernard L, Hoang E., Thermal model with winding homogenization and FIT discretization for stator slot. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics 47(12): 4822-4826 (2011).
- [14] Farahmand F., Dawson F.P, Lavers J.D., Temperature rise and free-convection heat-transfer coefficient for two-dimensional pot-core inductors and transformers. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications 45(6): 2080-2089 (2009).
- [15] Wallmeier P., Improved analytical modelling of conductive losses in gapped high-frequency inductors. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications 37(4): 1045-1054 (2011).
- [16] Waseem A, Roshen, High-frequency fringing fields loss in thick rectangular and round wire winding. IEEE Transactions on Magnetics 44(10): 2396-2401 (2008).
- [17] Mellor P.H., Wrobel R., McNeill N., Investigation of proximity losses in a high speed permanent magnet motor. IEEE Industry Applications Conference, pp. 1514-1518 (2006).
- [18] Wrobel R., Mlot A., Mellor P.H., Contribution of end-winding proximity losses to temperature variation in electromagnetic devices. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics 59(2): 996-1003 (2010). Brought
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Bibliografia
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