Co jest przyczyną białaczek u dzieci mieszkających w pobliżu elektrowni jądrowych?

• Autorzy: Janiak Marek K.

Warianty tytułu

EN

On the origin of leukaemia clusters in children living around nuclear power plants

• Języki publikacji: PL

Abstrakty

PL

W latach 80. XX w. pojawiły się doniesienia o występowaniu skupisk (ang. clusters) zachorowań na białaczkę u dzieci mieszkających w pobliżu elektrowni atomowych i innych obiektów jądrowych. Niniejszy artykuł dokonuje przeglądu takich skupisk występujących w Niemczech, W. Brytanii, Francji i innych krajach i analizuje potencjalny związek między promieniowaniem emitowanym przez obiekty jądrowe a zachorowaniami na białaczkę. Ponieważ wykazano, że poziom promieniowania jonizującego na terenach wokół elektrowni i innych instalacji jądrowych nie stanowi zagrożenia dla zdrowia i życia mieszkających w pobliżu ludzi, najbardziej prawdopodobną przyczyną okazał się brak wystarczającej odporności u dzieci tych mieszkańców na wirusy i inne patogeny pojawiające na terenach budowy zakładów jądrowych wraz z napływającymi z odległych miejsc nowymi pracownikami tych zakładów.

EN

A few reports of increased numbers of leukaemia cases (clusters) in children living in the vicinity of nuclear power plants (NPPs) and other nuclear installations have triggered a debate over the possible causes of the morbidity. In this review the most important cases of such clusters are described and analyzed with emphasis on the relationship between the environmental exposure to ionizing radiation and the risk of leukaemia. Since, as indicated, a lifetime residency in the proximity of an NPP does not pose any specific health risk to people and the emitted ionizing radiation is too small to cause cancer, a number of hypotheses have been proposed to explain the childhood leukaemia clusters. The most likely explanation is the so called 'population mixing', i.e., the influx of outside workers to rural regions where nuclear installations are being set up and where local people are not immune to viruses and other pathogens brought along with the incomers.

Słowa kluczowe

PL

skupiska białaczki dziecięcej; elektrownia jądrowa; promieniowanie jonizujące

EN

childhood leukaemia; ionizing radiation exposure; nuclear installations

• Wydawca: Polskie Towarzystwo Nukleoniczne
• Czasopismo: Postępy Techniki Jądrowej
• Rocznik: 2020
• Tom: z. 4
• Strony: 10--17
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 80 poz.

Twórcy

autor

Janiak Marek K.

• Komitet Naukowy ONZ ds. Skutków Promieniowania Atomowego (UNSCEAR)

Bibliografia

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Uwagi

Opracowanie rekordu ze środków MNiSW, umowa Nr 461252 w ramach programu "Społeczna odpowiedzialność nauki" - moduł: Popularyzacja nauki i promocja sportu (2021).