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In this study, the mechanical losses of a single-cylinder spark-ignited Robin EY15 engine were experimentally determined and analysed by the indicated method. The effects of the load and speed on the mechanical loss balance were also analysed. The tests were conducted on a test bench equipped with a DC motor generator at speeds between 1500 and 4800 min-1 and three load levels of 25, 50, and 100%. The results showed that the mechanical efficiency ranges between 22.5% and 83.2% for the tested engine and the evaluated operation points, attaining the highest efficiency under the full load and 2100 min-1. However, at this load level, the efficiency is reduced to 29% with the increase in the rotation speed. Concurrently, the pumping losses contribute up to 58.7% of the total losses, which indicates that their contribution is even higher than the sum of the other components under low load conditions. However, as the load increases, this contribution decreases to 18% for lower rotation regimes. In addition, the experimental results of the total mechanical losses were compared with some numerical correlations found in the literature. Finally, some empirical correlations were proposed for the mechanical efficiency calculation of the tested engine.
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Tom
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13--24
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 25 poz., rys., tab.
Twórcy
autor
- Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira
autor
- Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira
autor
- Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira
Bibliografia
- 1. Heywood J. Internal combustion engine fundamentals. McGraw-Hill. 1988.
- 2. Tormos B, Ramírez L, Johansson J, Björling M, Larsson R. Fuel consumption and friction benefits of low viscosity engine oils for heavy duty applications. Tribology International. 2017;110(6): 23-34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.triboint.2017.02.007.
- 3. Cruz-Peragón F, Palomar J, Díaz F, JiménezEspadafor F. Fast on-line identification of instantaneous mechanical losses in internal combustion engines. Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing. 2010;24(1):267-280. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ymssp.2009.06.009.
- 4. Tormos B, Martín J, Carreño R, Ramírez L. A general model to evaluate mechanical losses and auxiliary energy consumption in reciprocating internal combustion engines. Tribology International. 2018;123(7):161-179. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.triboint.2018.03.007.
- 5. Wong V, Tung S. Overview of automotive engine friction and reduction trends - Effects of surface, material, and lubricant-additive technologies. Friction. 2016;4:1-28. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40544-016-0107-9.
- 6. Sgroi M, Asti M, Gili F, Deorsola F, Bensaid S, Fino D, Kraft G, García I, Dassenoy F. Engine bench and road testing of an engine oil containing MoS2particles as nano-additive for friction reduction. Tribology International. 2017;105(1): 317-325. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.triboint.2016.10.013.
- 7. Thring RH. Engine friction modeling. SAE Technical Paper. 1992:(0920482). https://doi.org/10.4271/920482.
- 8. Kumar V, Sinha S, Agarwal A. Tribological studies of an internal combustion engine. In: Agarwal A, Gupta J, Sharma N, Singh A. (eds) Advanced engine diagnostics. Energy, Environment, and Sustainability. Springer, Singapore; 2019. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-3275-3_12.
- 9. Tormos B, Martín J, Pla B, Jiménez-Reyes A. A methodology to estimate mechanical losses and its distribution during a real driving cycle. Tribololy International. 2020;145(5):106208. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.triboint.2020.106208.
- 10. Arsie I, Pianese C, Rizzo G, Flora R, Serra G. Development and validation of a model for mechanical efficiency in a spark ignition engine. SAE Technical Paper. 1999; (1999-01-0905). https://doi.org/10.4271/1999-01-0905.
- 11. Fang C, Meng X, Xie Y, Wen C, Liu R. An improved technique for measuring piston-assembly friction and comparative analysis with numerical simulations: Under motored condition. Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing. 2019;115:657-676. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ymssp.2018.06.015.
- 12. Noorman M, Assanis D, Patterson DJ. Overview of techniques for measuring friction using bench tests and fired engines. SAE Technical Paper. 2000; (2000-01-1780). https://doi.org/10.4271/2000-01-1780.
- 13. Koch F, Geiger U, Hermsen F. PIFFO - Piston friction force measurements during engine operation. SAE Technical Paper. 1996; (960306). https://doi.org/10.4271/960306.
- 14. Millington B, Hartles E. Frictional losses in diesel engines. SAE Technical Paper. 1968; (680590). https://doi.org/10.4271/680590.
- 15. Gish R, Mccullough J, Retzloff J, Mueller H. Determination of true engine friction. SAE Technical Paper. 1958;(580063). https://doi.org/10.4271/580063.
- 16. Wakuri Y, Soejima M, Ejima Y, Hamatake T, Kitahara T. Studies on friction characteristics of reciprocating engines. SAE Technical Paper. 1995; (952471). https://doi.org/10.4271/952471.
- 17. Shelby M, Stein R, Warren C. A new analysis method for accurate accounting of IC engine pumping work and indicated work. SAE Technical Paper. 2004; (2004-01-1262). https://doi.org/10.4271/2004-01-1262.
- 18. Skjoedt M, Butts R, Assanis DN, Bohac S V. Effects of oil properties on spark-ignition gasoline engine friction. Tribology International. 2008;41(6):556-563. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.triboint.2007.12.001.
- 19. Mufti R. Total and Component Fricition in a Motored and Firing Engine. 2004.
- 20. Yagi S, Ishibasi Y, Sono H. Experimental analysis of total engine friction in four stroke S. I. engines. SAE Technical Paper. 1990; (900223). https://doi.org/10.4271/900223.
- 21. Fujii I, Yagi S, Sono H, Kamiya H. Total Engine Friction in Four Stroke SI Motorcycle Engine. SAE Technical Paper. 1988;(880268). https://doi.org/10.4271/880268.
- 22. Ciulli E. Review of internal combustion engine losses. Part 2: Studies for global evaluations. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering. 1993;207(3):229-240. https://doi.org/10.1243/PIME_PROC_1993_207_184_02.
- 23. Rezeka S, Henein N. A new approach to evaluate instantaneous friction and its components in internal combustion Engines. SAE Technical Paper. 1984; (840179). https://doi.org/10.4271/840179
- 24. Patton KJ, Nitschke RC, Heywood JB. Development and evaluation of a friction model for spark-ignition engines. SAE Technical Paper. 1989; (890836). https://doi.org/10.4271/890836.
- 25. Lee S, Kang J, Park S. Measurement and modeling of crank train friction in light-duty diesel engines. Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology. 2020;34(2):889-903. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12206-020-0139-y.
Uwagi
Opracowanie rekordu ze środków MEiN, umowa nr SONP/SP/546092/2022 w ramach programu "Społeczna odpowiedzialność nauki" - moduł: Popularyzacja nauki i promocja sportu (2022-2023).
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Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-21fe28c3-6eb8-475d-abfd-ef32390b56fa