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An Educated Guess on the Workplace Attenuation Variability of Ear Muffs

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Języki publikacji
EN
Abstrakty
EN
The attenuation variability of hearing protector devices plays a primary role in determining compliance, or lack of, with occupational noise exposure limits. This study presents an estimate of the ear muff attenuation variability, which includes several factors (biological diversity, positioning, sound field, ageing) for which specific information from laboratory studies is available. A mean value of the attenuation variability for ear muffs σFR = 4.8 dB is found. This value is about 65% larger than the typical value measured according to existing test standards. Being marginally smaller than the mean variability resulting from field measurements, and certainly within the wide range of fluctuations of the latter, it represents a robust and reliable quantity for application in any workplace environment.
Słowa kluczowe
Rocznik
Strony
201--210
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 17 poz., tab., wykr.
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autor
  • Italian National Institute for Occupational Prevention and Safety (ISPESL), Italy
Bibliografia
  • 1.Directive 2003/10/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 6 February 2003 on the minimum health and safety requirements regarding the exposure of workers to the risks arising from physical agents (noise). OJ. 2003;L42:38–44.
  • 2.National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). Criteria for a recommended standard—occupational noise exposure (Publication No. 98-126). Cincinnati, OH, USA: DHHS (NIOSH); 1998. Retrieved May 7, 2009, from: http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/docs/98-126/.
  • 3.Berger EH. Using the NRR to estimate the real world performance of hearing protectors. Sound and Vibration. 1983;17(1):12–8.
  • 4.Berger EH, Franks JR, Lindgren F. International review of field studies of hearing protector attenuation. In: Axelsson A, Borchgrevink H, Hamernik RP, Hellstrom P, Henderson D, Salvi RJ, editors. Scientific basis of noise-induced hearing loss. New York, NY, USA: Thieme Medical Publishers; 1996. p. 361–77.
  • 5.Gauger D, Berger EH. A new hearing protector rating: the noise reduction statistic for use with A weighting (NRSA) (Report E-A-R 04-01/HP); 2004. Retrieved February 17, 2009, from: http://www.e-a-r.com/pdf/hearingcons/T04_01EPA.pdf.
  • 6.International Organization for Standardization (ISO). Acoustics—hearing protectors—part 2: estimation of effective A-weighted sound pressure levels when hearing protectors are worn (Standard No. ISO 4869‑2:1994). Geneva, Switzerland: ISO; 1994.
  • 7.Guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement (GUM) (ISO/IEC Guide 98:2008). Geneva, Switzerland: ISO; 2008.
  • 8.American National Standards Institute (ANSI). Method for the measurement of real-ear protection of hearing protectors and physical attenuation of earmuffs (Standard No. ANSI S3-19:1990). New York, NY, USA: ANSI; 1990.
  • 9.International Organization for Standardization (ISO). Acoustics—hearing protectors—part 1: subjective method for the measurement of sound attenuation (Standard No. ISO 4869-1:1990). Geneva, Switzerland: ISO; 1990.
  • 10.Lenzuni P. Predicting the real world performance of hearing protectors. In: Proceedings of the Symposium Managing Uncertainties in Noise Measurements and Prediction [CD-ROM]; 2005. p. 1–9.
  • 11.Lenzuni P, Pieroni A, Ranieri D. Variabilita dell’attenuazione delle cuffie—parte II: effetti continui [submitted for publication, 2008].
  • 12.Rawlinson RD, Wheeler PD. The effect of industrial use on the acoustical performance of some earmuffs. Ann Occup Hygiene. 1987;31(3);291–8.
  • 13.Carletti E, Pedrielli F. The ageing effect on the acoustic performance of earmuffs: an investigation involving the forestry compartment. In: Proceedings of the 10th International Congress on Sound and Vibration. Stockholm, Sweden: International Institute of Acoustics and Vibration; 2003. p. 4929–36.
  • 14.Kotarbińska E. The influence of aging on the noise attenuation of ear-muffs. Noise Health. 2005;7(26):39–45.
  • 15.Bevington PR. Data reduction and error analysis for the physical sciences. New York, NY, USA: McGraw Hill; 1969.
  • 16.Hagermann B, Olofsson A, Svensson E. Ear muff performance in impulsive noise as a function of angle of incidence. Acustica–Acta Acustica. 1996;82:763–71.
  • 17.Lenzuni P, Pieroni A, Ranieri D. Variabilita dell’attenuazione delle cuffie—parte I: effetti discreti [submitted for publication, 2008].
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-21cf5396-92c2-4d80-a810-d689e218d102
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