Study of the Throttling Effect in Tunnel Fire

• Autorzy: Lanchava Omar , Bezhanishvili Aleqsandre , Javakhishvili Giorgi , Khokerashvili Zaza , Arudashvili Nino

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.29227/IM-2024-01-44

Warianty tytułu

PL

Badanie efektu dławienia w pożarze tunelu

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

As per the emergency ventilation strategy, air velocity of 3 m/s in case of the longitudinal ventilation is sufficient for smoke control in all fire conditions. Numerical experiments were carried out with FDS software to estimate the numerical value of the critical velocity. Numerical models were realized in 0-6% slope tunnels with a 1% step for 5, 10, 20, 30 and 50 MW fires for four types of fuel: gasoline, diesel fuel, oil and firewood. The paper notes that the dynamic pressure induced by a strong fire is much higher than the static pressure of tunnel jet fans. As a result, following the algebraic summation of positively-directed ventilation flows and the negatively-directed flows induced by fire, an intense back layering occurs, which casts doubt on the suitability of the specified emergency ventilation strategy when designing the fire ventilation. The critical ventilation speed of 3 m/s cannot cope with the traction caused by fire, expressed by the ascending movement of the high-temperature and lowdensity combustion products. The paper discusses the numerical modelling results with an adiabatic underground heat exchange model and presents typical tunnel fire modelling plans, which correspond to an inclined tunnel for ascending and descending ventilation flows as well as a horizontal tunnel. The article gives the regularities obtained by the numerical models of changes in the variables of average air temperature and density, average carbon monoxide, average carbon dioxide and soot concentrations. According to the emergency ventilation strategy, critical velocity is an important value and a major determinant of back layering prevention in sloping tunnels. Although many papers have been devoted to this problem, the obtained results differ much. The present paper shows that strong fires induce much greater dynamic pressures than the static pressures of the tunnel jet fans are. Consequently, the flows caused by these forces, as they move in different directions, following their algebraic summation, cause a strong back-layering in case of positive ventilation flows, i.e., when the ventilation flow is descending and the fire seat is found at a lower point compared to the air supply portal. The new results can be used to develop fire ventilation plans as well as life-saving and emergency control solutions in the operating tunnels for personnel and rescuers.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

throttling effect; tunnel fires; emergency ventilation strategy; ventilation flow

PL

efekt dławienia; pożary tuneli; strategia wentylacji awaryjnej; przepływ wentylacji

• Wydawca: Polskie Towarzystwo Przeróbki Kopalin
• Czasopismo: Inżynieria Mineralna
• Rocznik: 2024
• Tom: Vol. 1, no. 1
• Strony: 385--393
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 37 poz., wykr.

Twórcy

autor

Lanchava Omar

• Georgian Technical University, 77, Kostava Street, 0171, Tbilisi, Georgia

• https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4249-9404

autor

Bezhanishvili Aleqsandre

• Georgian Technical University, 77, Kostava Street, 0171, Tbilisi, Georgia

autor

Javakhishvili Giorgi

• Georgian Technical University, 77, Kostava Street, 0171, Tbilisi, Georgia

autor

Khokerashvili Zaza

• Georgian Technical University, 77, Kostava Street, 0171, Tbilisi, Georgia

• https://orcid.org/0009-0003-9156-6367

autor

Arudashvili Nino

• Georgian Technical University, 77, Kostava Street, 0171, Tbilisi, Georgia

• https://orcid.org/0009-0003-6958-7399

Bibliografia

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Uwagi

Opracowanie rekordu ze środków MNiSW, umowa nr POPUL/SP/0154/2024/02 w ramach programu "Społeczna odpowiedzialność nauki II" - moduł: Popularyzacja nauki i promocja sportu (2025).