Wettability and Hardness Investigation of Nickel-Coated Precipitated Calcium Carbonate Sn-9Zn Composite Solder

• Autorzy: Keong L.W. , Zainal Farah Farhana , Kasmuin M.Z. , Mohamad A.A. , Nazeri Muhammad Firdaus Mohd , Nabiałek Marcin , Jeż Bartłomiej

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.24425/amm.2023.145472

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

To fabricate a lead-free solder with better properties, a surface-modified precipitate calcium carbonate (PCC) was added as a reinforcement phase to tin-zinc (Sn-9Zn) solder. The surface modification of PCC was done by using electroless plating to deposit nickel (Ni) layer on the PCC. Based on microstructure analysis, a thin layer of Ni was detected on the reinforcement particle, indicating the Ni-coated PCC was successfully formed. Next, composite solder of Sn-9Zn-xNi-coated PCC (x = 0, 0.25, 0.50, 1.00 wt.%) was prepared. The morphology and phase changes of the composite solder were evaluated by using optical microscope and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Significant refinement on the grain size of Zn was seen with the additions of Ni-coated PCC, with a new phase of Ni₃Sn₄ was detected along with the phases of Sn and Zn. The wettability of Sn-9Zn was also improved with the presence of Ni-coated PCC, where the wetting angle decreased from 28.3° to 19.4-23.2°. Brinell hardness test revealed up to 27.9% increase in hardness for the composite solder than the pristine Sn-9Zn solder. This phenomenon contributed by the increased in dislocation resistance through Zener pinning effect and Zn grain refinement within the composite solder which enhanced the overall properties of the composite solder.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

lead-free solder; composite solder; Sn-9Zn; precipitated calcium carbonate; nickel coating

• Wydawca: Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science of Polish Academy of Sciences ; Committee of Materials Engineering and Metallurgy of Polish Academy of Sciences
• Czasopismo: Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
• Rocznik: 2023
• Tom: Vol. 68, iss. 3
• Strony: 1035--1040
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 27 poz., fot, rys., tab.

Twórcy

autor

Keong L.W.

• Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Center of Excellence Geopolymer & Green Technology (CEGeoGTech) 02600, Arau, Perlis, Malaysia

autor

Zainal Farah Farhana

• Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Center of Excellence Geopolymer & Green Technology (CEGeoGTech) 02600, Arau, Perlis, Malaysia

• https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5550-8117

autor

Kasmuin M.Z.

• Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Center of Excellence Geopolymer & Green Technology (CEGeoGTech) 02600, Arau, Perlis, Malaysia

autor

Mohamad A.A.

• Universiti Sains Malaysia, School of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering, Advanced Soldering Materials Group, 14300 Nibong Tebal, Penang, Malaysia

autor

Nazeri Muhammad Firdaus Mohd

• Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Center of Excellence Geopolymer & Green Technology (CEGeoGTech) 02600, Arau, Perlis, Malaysia

• https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4923-0184

autor

Nabiałek Marcin

• Częstochowa University of Technology, Faculty of Production Engineering and Materials Technology, Department of Physics, 19 Armii Krajowej Av., 42-200 Częstochowa, Poland

• https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6585-3918

autor

Jeż Bartłomiej

• Czestochowa University of Technology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Computer Science, Department of Technology and Automation, 19c Armii Krajowej Av., 42-200 Częstochowa, Poland

• https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7918-5946

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Uwagi

The authors would thank the Ministry of Higher Education Malaysia financial support through the Fundamental Research Grant scheme FRGS/1/2019/ TK05/UNIMAP/02/5.