Eco-Friendly Soaking Process Using Tannic Acid as an Alternative Bactericide

• Autorzy: Zengin A. C. A. , Çolak S. M. , Zengin G. , Kiliç E.

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.2478/aep-2014-0003

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Eco-friendly leather processes based on the usage of natural products have become a potentially attractive issue for leather industry during the last few decades. Synthetic protective chemicals like bactericides used in most soaking process are known as hazardous substances and cause tannery effluents with high concentrations of Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD). In the present study, the effect of tannic acid on microorganisms, skin, wool and effluent were investigated in order to demonstrate the applicability of tannic acid in soaking process instead of commonly used bactericides. The bacterial load (cfu/ml), COD and Nitrogen Content (N) of the soaking effluents and Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen (TKN) content of skins and wools were investigated. Application of 0.5 and 1 wt% tannic acid concentrations was more effective than commercial bactericide, while comparable results were achieved by 0.1 and 0.3 wt% tannic acid. The application of tannic acid for soaking process resulted in lower COD and N values of effluents. The results show that tannic acid has the potential to be an alternative, eco-friendly bactericide for leather industry by reducing the pollution of leather soaking process.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

bactericidal; leather industry; soaking; tannic acid

PL

środek bakteriobójczy; przemysł skórzany; moczenie; tanina

• Wydawca: Institute of Environmental Engineering, Polish Academy of Sciences
• Czasopismo: Archives of Environmental Protection
• Rocznik: 2014
• Tom: Vol. 40, no. 1
• Strony: 3--12
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 52 poz., rys., tab.

Twórcy

autor

Zengin A. C. A.

• Department of Leather Engineering, Engineering Faculty, Ege University Bornova 35100 Izmir, Turkey

autor

Çolak S. M.

• Department of Leather Engineering, Engineering Faculty, Ege University Bornova 35100 Izmir, Turkey

autor

Zengin G.

• Department of Leather Engineering, Engineering Faculty, Ege University Bornova 35100 Izmir, Turkey

autor

Kiliç E.

• Department of Leather Engineering, Uşak University, 64200 Uşak, Turkey

Bibliografia

• [1] Akiyama, H., Fujii, K., Yamasaki, O., Oono, T. & Iwatsuki, K. (2001). Antibacterial Action Of Several Tannins Against Staphylococcus Aureus, Journal Of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, 48, 487-491.
• [2] Albu, M.G., Cotrut, C., Titorencu, I., Trandafi r, V. & Giurginca, M. (2009). Biomaterials based on collagen and tannic acid, 1st International Leather Engineering Symposium, Izmir, Turkey, April 29th-May 1st, 377-386.
• [3] Andrade Jr, R.G., Dalvi, L.T., Silva Jr, J.M.C., Lopes, G.K.B., Alonso, A. & Hermes-Lima, M. (2005). The antioxidant effect of tannic acid on the in vitro copper-mediated formation of free radicals, Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics, 437, 1-9.
• [4] Andrade Jr, R.G., Ginani, J.S., Lopes, G.K.B., Dutra, F., Alonso, A. & Hermes-Lima, M. (2006). Tannic acid inhibits in vitro iron-dependent free radical formation, Biochimie, 88, 1287-1296.
• [5] Aravindhan, R., Saravanabhavan, S., Thanikaivelan, P., Raghava Rao, J. & Unni Nair, B. (2007). A chemo-enzymatic pathway leads towards zero discharge tanning, Journal of Cleaner Production, 15, 1217-1227.
• [6] Bitlisli, B.O., Yasa, I., Aslan, A., Cadırcı, B.H. & Basaran, B. (2010). Physical and antimicrobial characteristics of aloe vera treated split suede leather, Journal - American Leather Chemists Association, 105, 34-40.
• [7] Bradstreet, R.B. (1954). Kjeldahl method for organic nitrogen, Analitical Chemistry, 26, 185-187.
• [8] Burkinshaw, S.M. & Kumar, N. (2009). The mordant dyeing of wool using tannic acid and feso4, part 1: Initial findings, Dyes and Pigments, 80, 53-60.
• [9] Cadirci, B.H., Ozgunay, H., Vural, C. & Yilmaz, O. (2010). A New Defect on Leather: Microbial Bio-Film, Journal - American Leather Chemists Association, 105, 129-134.
• [10] Chen, S.C. & Chung, K.T. (2000). Mutagenicity and antimutagenicity studies of tannic acid and its related compounds, Food and Chemical Toxicology, 38, 1-5.
• [11] Chung, K.T., Lu, Z. & Chou, M.W. (1998). Mechanism of inhibition of tannic acid and related compounds on the growth of intestinal bacteria, Food and Chemical Toxicology, 36, 1053-1060.
• [12] Chung, K.T., Stevens Jr, S.E., Lin, W.F. & Wei, C.I. (1993). Growth inhibition of selected food-borne bacteria by tannic acid, propyl gallate and related compounds, Letters in Applied Microbiology, 17, 29-32.
• [13] Chung, K.T., Zhao, G., Stevens Jr, S.E. & Simco, B.A. (1995). Growth inhibition of selected fish pathogens by tannic acid and related compounds, Journal of Aquatic Animal Health, 7, 46-49.
• [14] Çolak, S.M. & Dandar, U. (2010). The effect of tannic acid usage on the formation of Cr (VI) in leather, Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, 19, 1511-1516.
• [15] Çolak, S.M. & Kılıç, E. (2008). Deliming with weak acids: Effects on Leather quality and effluent, Journal - Society of Leather Technologists and Chemists, 92, 120-123.
• [16] Çolak, S.M., Bayramoglu, E.E. & Uluc, D. (2006). Determining the usability of photosensitizers as biocides in the soaking process, Journal - Society of Leather Technologists and Chemists, 101, 66-72.
• [17] Çolak, S.M., Yapici, B.M. & Yapici, A.N. (2010). Determination of antimicrobial activity of tannic acid in pickling process, Romanian Biotechnological Letters, 15, 5325-5330.
• [18] Çolak S.M. (2006). Soaking with tannins: The biocidal activity of vegetable tannins used in the soaking fl oat, Society of Leather Technologists and Chemists, 90, 193-196.
• [19] Cowan, M.M. (1999). Plant Products as Antimicrobial Agents, Clinical Microbiology Reviews, 12, 564-582.
• [20] Fathima, N.N., Aravindhan, R., Raghava Rao, J. & Unni Nair, B. (2006). Tannic acid-phosphonium combination: A versatile chrome-free organic tanning, Journal - American Leather Chemists Association, 101, 161-198.
• [21] Fathima, N.N., Saravanabhavan, S., Raghava Rao, J. & Unni Nair. B. (2004). An eco-benign tanning system using aluminum, tannic acid and silica combination, Journal - American Leather Chemists Association, 99, 73-81.
• [22] Ferguson, L.R. (2001). Role of plant polyphenols in genomic stability, Mutation Research, 75, 89-111.
• [23] Gali, H.U., Perchellet, E.M., Klish, D.S., Johnson, J.M. & Perchellet, J.P. (1992). Hydrolysable tannins: Potent inhibitors of hydroperoxide production and tumor promotion in mouse skin treated with 12-o-tetradecanoylphobol-13-acetate in vivo, International Journal of Cancer, 51, 425-432.
• [24] Goel, G., Puniya, A.K., Aguliar, C.N. & Singh, K.(2005). Interaction of gut microfl ora with tannins in feeds, Naturwissenschaften, 92, 497-503.
• [25] Gutterres, M., Aquim, P.M., Passos, J.B. & Trierweiler, J.O. (2010). Water reuse in tannery beamhouse process, Journal of Cleaner Production, 18, 1545-1552.
• [26] Heijmen, F.H., Pant, J.S., Middelkoop, E., Kreis, R.W. & Hoekstra, M.J. (1997). Cross-linking of dermal sheep collagen with tannic acid, Biomaterials, 18, 749-754.
• [27] Kanagaraj J., John Sundar, V., Muralidharan, C. & Sadulla, S. (2005). Alternatives to sodium chloride in prevention of skin protein degradation - A case study, Journal of Cleaner Production, 13, 825-831.
• [28] Kanth, S.V., Venba, R., Madhan, B., Chandrababu, N.K. & Sadulla, S. (2009). Cleaner tanning practices for tannery pollution abatement: role of enzymes in eco-friendly vegetable tanning, Journal of Cleaner Production, 17, 507-515.
• [29] Kim, W.J., Heo, J.S., Shin, S.B. & Ko, J.Y. (2003). Measurement of color difference in the leather dyeing process with natural dyes, Society of Leather Technologists and Chemists, 87, 25-29.
• [30] Kleban, M. (2008). Preserving agents in the leather production process, World Leather, May, 20-24.
• [31] Kuo, M.L., Lee, K.C. & Lin, J.K. (1992). Genotoxicities of nitropyrenes and their modulation by apigenin, tannic acid, ellagic acid and indole-3-carbinol in the salmonella and cho systems, Mutation Research, 270, 87-95.
• [32] L353. (2008). Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 of the European parliament and of the council of 16 December 2008 on classification, labeling and packaging of substances and mixtures, amending and repealing directives 67/548/eec and 1999/45/ec, and amending regulation (ec) no 1907/2006, Official Journal of the European Union, 51, 1-1355.
• [33] Li K., Chen, H., Wang, Y., Shan, Z., Yang, J. & Brutto, P. (2009). A salt-free pickling regime for hides and skins using oxazolidine, Journal of Cleaner Production, 17, 1603-1606.
• [34] Liang, W., Xinshen, Z., Jin, H., Yonghong, X. & Kai, X. (2008). On-line determination of tannic acid in leather wastewater by flow injection spectrophometry, Journal - Society of Leather Technologists and Chemists, 92, 127-129.
• [35] Lopes, G.K.B., Schulman, H.M. & Hermes-Lima, M. (1999). Polyphenol tannic acid inhibits hydroxyl radical formation from fenton reaction by complexing ferrous ions, Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, 1472, 142-152.
• [36] Morera, J.M., Bartolí, E., Chico, R., Solé, C. & Cabeza, L.F. (2011). Minimization of the environmental impact of chrome tanning: A new process reusing the tanning fl oats, Journal of Cleaner Production, 19, 2128-2132.
• [37] Mukhtar, H., Khan, W.A., Wang, Z.Y., Bik, D.P. & Bickers, D.R. (1988). Exceptional activity of tannic acid among naturally occurring plant phenols in protecting against 7,12 dimethylbenz(a)anthracene-, benzo(a)pyrene-, 3-methylcholanthrene-, and n-methyl-n-nitrosourea-induced skin tumorigenesis in mice, Cancer Research, 48, 2361-2365.
• [38] Muthusubramanian L. & Mitra, R.B.A. (2006). Cleaner production method for the synthesis of bronopol-a bactericide that is useful in leather making, Journal of Cleaner Production, 14, 536-538.
• [39] Mutlu, M.M., Çadırcı, B.H., Ozgunay, H., Adıgüzel, A.C. & Sari, O. (2009). Ozone as a biocide in soaking, Journal - Society of Leather Technologists and Chemists, 93, 18-20.
• [40] Nepka, C., Asprodini, E. & Kouretas, D. (1999a). Tannins, xenobiotic metabolism and cancer chemoprevention in experimental animals, European Journal of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, 24, 183-189.
• [41] Nepka, C., Sivridis, E., Antonoglou, O., Kortsaris, A., Georgellis, A., Taitzoglou, I. Hytiroglou, P., Papadimitrou, C. Zintzaras, I. & Kouretas, D. (1999b). Chemopreventive activity of very low dose dietary tannic acid administration in hepatoma bearing c3h male mice, Cancer Letters, 141, 57-62.
• [42] Preethi, V., Parama Kalyani, K.S., Iyappan, K., Srinivasakannan, C., Balasubramaniam, N. & Vedaraman, N. (2009). Ozonation of tannery effluent for removal of cod and color, Journal of Hazardous Materials, 166, 150-154.
• [43] Rodrigues, M.A.S., Amado, F.D.R., Xavier, J.L.N., Streit, K.F., Bernardes, A.M. & Ferreira, J.Z. (2008). Application of photoelectrochemical-electrodialysis treatment for the recovery and reuse of water from tannery effl uents, Journal of Cleaner Production, 16, 605-611.
• [44] Sah, N.K., Kumar, S., Subramanian, M. & Devasagayam, T.P. (1995). Variation in the modulation of superoxide-induced single strand breaks in plasmid pbr322 DNA by biological antioxidants, International Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 35, 291-296.
• [45] Saran, S., Isar, J. & Saxena, R.K. (2007). A modified method for the detection of microbial proteases on agar plates using tannic acid, Journal of Biochemical and Biophysical Methods, 70, 697-699.
• [46] Saravanabhavan, S., Fathima, N.N., Rao, J.R. & Nair, B.U. (2004). Combination of white minerals with natural tannins chrome-free tannage for garment leathers, Society of Leather Technologists and Chemists, 88, 76-81.
• [47] Sivakumar, V. & Rao, P.G. (2001). Application of power ultrasound in leather processing: an ecofriendly approach, Journal of Cleaner Production, 9, 25-33.
• [48] Tisler, T., Zagorc-Koncan, J., Cotmana, M. & Drolca, A. (2004). Toxicity potential of disinfection agent in tannery wastewater, Water Research, 38, 3503-3510.
• [49] TS 4120 EN ISO 3380: (2005). Leather - Physical and mechanical tests - determination of shrinkage temperature up to 100°C, Turkish Standard (TSE), Ankara, Turkey.
• [50] TS 4134: (1985). Leather - Determination of nitrogen content and hide substance. Titrimetric method, Turkish Standard (TSE), Ankara, Turkey.
• [51] Widsten, P., Heathcote, C., Kandelbauer, A., Guebitz, G., Nyanhongo, G.S., Prasetyo, E.N. & Kudanga, T. (2010). Enzymatic Surface Functionalisation of Lignocellulosic Materials with Tannins for Enhancing Antibacterial Properties, Process Biochemistry, 45, 1072-1081.
• [52] Zhihua, S. & Guowei, W. (2004). Combination tannage of tannic acid and rare earth, Journal - Society of Leather Technologists and Chemists, 88, 72-75.