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Dimensional stability and fungal durability of acetylated wood

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Treść / Zawartość
Identyfikatory
Warianty tytułu
Języki publikacji
EN
Abstrakty
EN
The reaction of wood to acetic anhydride greatly reduces moisture sorption and improves the dimensional stability of the wood due to the esterification of the accessible hydroxyl groups in the cell wall, reducing hydrogen bonding with water and bulking the cell wall back to its green volume. The sorption of both primary and secondary water are reduced. Dimensional stability is not 100% since the water molecule is smaller than the acetyl group, therefore water can access hydroxyl sites even when the wood is fully acetylated. The equilibrium moisture content is reduced in a linear relationship to the level of acetyl content. This means that the reduction in moisture content is not dependent on where the acetylation reaction takes place in the cell wall. Resistance to fungal attack increases as the level of acetylation increases. Resistance to attack by white-rot fungus occurs at a much lower level of acetylation (7-10%) than that to brown-rot fungal attack (17-19%). The cell wall moisture content may be too low at high levels of acetylation to support fungal attack, therefore initial colonization does not take place.
Rocznik
Strony
139--150
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 26 poz., rys., tab.
Twórcy
autor
  • Biological Systems Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA
Bibliografia
  • Caulfield D.F. [1978]: The effect of cellulose on the structure of water. In: Fibre-Water Interactions in Paper-Making. Clowes and Sons, Ltd. London, England
  • Dent R.W. [1977]: A multiplayer theory for gas sorption. Part 1: Sorption of a single gas. Textile Research Journal 47 (2):145-152
  • Foster S.C. [1988]: The decay resistance of chemically modified softwood. PhD thesis, University of Wales, Bangor
  • Foster S.C., Hale M.D., Williams G. [1997]: Efficacy of anhydride as a wood protection chemical. International Research Group on Wood Preservation IRG/WP/97-30162
  • Fuchs W. [1928]: Genuine lignin. I. Acetylation of pine wood. Berichte 61B: 948-951
  • Highley T.L., Clausen C.A., Coran S.C., Green III F., Illman B.L., Micales J.A.[1994]: Research on biodeterioration of wood: I. Decay mechanisms and biocontrol. Forest Products Laboratory, Research Report No. FPL-RP-529
  • Hill C.A.S. [2001]: How does the chemical modification of wood provide protection against decay fungi? COST E22, June, Finland
  • Hill C.A.S. [2006]: Wood modification: chemical, thermal and other processes. John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, England
  • Hill C.A.S., Foster S., Farahani M.R.M., Hale M.D.C., Williams G. [2005]: An investigation of cell wall micropore blocking as a possible mechanism for the decay resistance of anhydride modified wood. International Biodeterioration and Biodegradation 55 (1): 69-76
  • Horn O. [1928]: Acetylation of beech wood. Berichte 61B: 2542-2545
  • Kumar S., Agarwal S.C. [1983]: Biological degradation resistance of wood acetylated with thioacetic acid. International Research Group on Wood Preservation IRG/WP/3223
  • Miller E.R., Boxall J. [1984]: The effectiveness of end-grain sealers in improving paint performance on softwood joinery. Holz als Roh und Werkstoff 42 (1): 27-34
  • Mohebby B. [2003]: Biological attack of acetylated wood. Ph.D. Thesis. Institute of Wood Biology and Wood Technology, Gottingen
  • Nilsson T., Rowell R.M., Simonson R., Tillman A.-M. [1988]: Fungal resistance of pine particle boards made from various types of acetylated chips. Holzforschung 42 (2): 123-126
  • Papadopoulos A.N., Hill C.A.S. [2002]: The biological effectiveness of wood modification with linear chain carboxylic acid anhydrides against Coniophora puteana. Holz als Rohund Werkstoff 60: 329-332
  • Rowell R.M. [1982]: Distribution of reacted chemicals in southern pine modified with acetic anhydride. Wood Science 15 (2): 172-182
  • Rowell R.M. (ed.). [1984]: The chemistry of solid wood. Advances in Chemistry Series 207, American Chemical Society, Washington DC, USA
  • Rowell R.M. (ed.). [2012]: Handbook of wood chemistry and wood composites. Second Edition, CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL
  • Rowell R.M., Simonson R., Hess S., Plackett D.V., Cronshaw D., Dunningham E. [1994]: Acetyl distribution in acetylated whole wood and reactivity of isolated wood cell wall components to acetic anhydride. Wood and Fiber Science 26 (1): 11-18
  • Stamm A.J. [1964]: Wood and cellulose science. The Ronald Press Co., New York
  • Stamm A.J., Baechler R.H. [1960]: Decay resistance and dimensional stability of five modified woods. Forest Products Journal 10: 22-26
  • Takahashi M., Imamura Y., Tanahashi M. [1989a]: Effect of acetylation on decay resistance of wood against brown rot, white rot and soft rot fungi. International Research Group on Wood Preservation IRG/WP/3540
  • Takahashi M., Imamura Y., Tanahashi M. [1989b]. Effect of acetylation on decay resistance of wood against brown rot, white rot and soft rot fungi. International Congress of Pacific Basin Societies, Agrochemistry, Sub-Symposium on Chemical Modification of Lignocellulosic Materials – Chemical Reactions, Hawaii
  • Tarkow H. [1945]: Decay resistance of acetylated balsa. USDA Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory, Madison, WI. 4 pp.
  • Tarkow H. [1946]: A new approach to the acetylation of wood. USDA Forest Service, Forest Products Laboratory, Madison, WI. 9 pp.
  • Tiemann H.D. [1944]. Wood Technology. Second Edition, Pitman Publishing Company, New York City, NY
Uwagi
Opracowanie ze środków MNiSW w ramach umowy 812/P-DUN/2016 na działalność upowszechniającą naukę.
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-1ccb8c45-d7de-4068-83f4-5f855bf87a6e
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