Assessment of changes in environmental pollution by road noise using a scalar measure

• Autorzy: Bąkowski Andrzej , Batko Wojciech , Radziszewski Leszek

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.24425/aep.2024.152893

Warianty tytułu

PL

Ocena zmian zanieczyszczenia środowiska hałasem drogowym za pomocą miary skalarnej

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

The article addresses the issue of assessing the impact of road rebuilding on traffic noise pollution. To assess noise hazards, parameters expressed on the decibel scale were used, and a new measure was proposed - a scalar reference that compares the sound level value to the recommended threshold. This measure is based on Weber Fechner's law, which relates to human perception of changes in sound levels. It was derived through the decibel algebra applied to measurement results and is called the “coefficient of exceedance of the recommended sound level”. Its usefulness was verified by analyzing the results of measurements of traffic and noise parameters before and two years after the reconstruction of a section of the national road in Kielce. An assessment was made of traffic volume, vehicle speed, and road vehicle noise. The analysis evaluated the absolute values, variability and uncertainty of results obtained for the entire year, Fridays and Sundays. Significant differences in traffic parameter values were observed between the lanes entering and leaving the city on weekdays and weekends. The analysis showed a 28% increase in traffic volume following the road reconstruction. The current measure, which compares the difference in noise levels before and after the road reconstruction, indicates that while noise levels have decreased, they still exceed the normative values. For the same parameters, the median coefficient of exceedance decreased by approximately 17%, and the maximum coefficient of exceedance decreased by approximately 15%. The diagnostic usefulness of the coefficient of exceedance was further assessed using noise simulations based on the Cnossos-EU model. These simulations showed the high sensitivity of the proposed scalar noise measure to changes in vehicle speed and traffic volume. The simulations also indicated that to meet the Polish noise normative values, traffic volume would need to reduced by 50%, and the vehicle speed would need to be capped at 50 km/h. Additionally, the simulations suggested that even more stringent traffic restrictions would be necessary to meet the World Health Organization's noise recommendations.

PL

Artykuł porusza kwestię oceny wpływu przebudowy dróg na zanieczyszczenie hałasem drogowym. Do oceny zagrożeń hałasem wykorzystano parametry wyrażone w skali decybelowej oraz zaproponowano nową skalarną miarę, która porównuje wartość poziomu dźwięku z poziomem dopuszczalnym. Miara ta opiera się na prawie Webera Fechnera, które odnosi się do ludzkiego postrzegania zmian poziomu dźwięku. Została ona wyprowadzona z wykorzystaniem algebry decybelowej zastosowanej do wyników pomiarów i jest nazywana "współczynnikiem przekroczenia zalecanego poziomu dźwięku”. Jej przydatność zweryfikowano analizując wyniki pomiarów parametrów ruchu i hałasu przed i dwa lata po przebudowie odcinka drogi krajowej w Kielcach. Dokonano oceny natężenia ruchu, prędkości pojazdów i hałasu pojazdów drogowych. W analizie oceniono wartości bezwzględne, zmienność oraz niepewność wyników uzyskanych dla całego roku, piątków i niedziel. Zaobserwowano znaczące różnice w wartościach parametrów ruchu pomiędzy pasami wjazdowymi i wyjazdowymi z miasta w dni powszednie i weekendy. Analiza wykazała 28% wzrost natężenia ruchu po przebudowie drogi. Obecna miara, która porównuje różnicę w poziomach hałasu przed i po przebudowie drogi, wskazuje, że chociaż poziomy hałasu zmniejszyły się, nadal przekraczają wartości normatywne. Dla tych samych parametrów mediana współczynnika przekroczeń zmniejszyła się o około 17%, a maksymalny współczynnik przekroczenia zmniejszył się o około 15%. Przydatność diagnostyczna współczynnika przekroczenia została dodatkowo oceniona przy użyciu symulacji hałasu opartych na modelu Cnossos-EU. Symulacje te wykazały wysoką wrażliwość proponowanej skalarnej miary hałasu na zmiany prędkości pojazdów i natężenia ruchu. Symulacje wykazały również, że w celu spełnienia polskich wartości normatywnych hałasu w Polsce, natężenie ruchu musiałoby zostać zmniejszone o 50%, a prędkość pojazdów musiałaby zostać ograniczona do 50 km/h.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

scalar noise parameter; road traffic profile; variability

PL

skalarna miara szumu; zanieczyszczenie hałasem; ruch uliczny

• Wydawca: Institute of Environmental Engineering, Polish Academy of Sciences
• Czasopismo: Archives of Environmental Protection
• Rocznik: 2024
• Tom: Vol. 50, no. 4
• Strony: 31--42
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 30 poz., rys., tab., wykr.

Twórcy

autor

Bąkowski Andrzej

• Kielce University of Technology, Poland

autor

Batko Wojciech

• Academy of Applied Sciences in Krosno, Poland

• https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1104-1513

autor

Radziszewski Leszek

• Kielce University of Technology, Poland

• https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6253-2000

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