Model tests of wind turbines in wind tunnels

• Autorzy: Flay R. G. J.

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.4467/2353737XCT.15.125.4162

Warianty tytułu

PL

Badania modelowe turbin wiatrowych w tunelach aerodynamicznych

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

This paper describes methods for testing model wind turbines in wind tunnels based on published data and the experience gained by the author through having tested many different wind turbines in wind tunnels at the University of Auckland. Wind tunnels can be used to determine the performance of small wind turbines at full scale, or larger wind turbines at reduced scale. Such experiments need to be done with care as one needs to be aware of issues regarding blockage, the effect of Reynolds number, and being able to control the speed of the turbine so that is power coefficient can be obtained over a suitable range of tip speed ratios. With rotating machinery, it is also important to have a regard to safety, so the models have to be made with care and a stress analysis carried out to ensure that the material properties are not exceeded during the testing. It is found that wind tunnel testing is a useful way of determining experimentally the performance of wind turbines in order to predict the power output, and for obtaining data to validate theoretical or numerical model predictions.

PL

W poniższym artykule opisano metody testowania modeli turbin wiatrowych w tunelach aerodynamicznych na podstawie opublikowanych danych oraz doświadczenia autora uzyskanego w wyniku badań wielu turbin wiatrowych przeprowadzonych w tunelach aerodynamicznych Uniwersytetu w Auckland. Tunele aerodynamiczne mogą być wykorzystywane do wyznaczania wydajności małych turbin wiatrowych w pełnej skali, albo większych turbin w skali zredukowanej. Takie doświadczenia muszą być przeprowadzane bardzo starannie, ze zwróceniem uwagi na takie problemy, jak efekt blokady, efekt liczby Reynoldsa. Trzeba także mieć możliwość kontrolowania prędkości turbiny, tak aby współczynnik mocy mógł być uzyskany w odpowiednim zakresie współczynnika szybkobieżności. W przypadku maszyn wirnikowych ważne jest zapewnienie bezpieczeństwa, tak aby modele były wykonane z należytą starannością na podstawie przeprowadzonej wcześniej analizy wytrzymałościowej, co pozwala upewnić się, że odpowiednie charakterystyki materiałowe nie zostaną przekroczone w trakcie badań. Stwierdzono, że badania w tunelu aerodynamicznym to użyteczna metoda doświadczalnego wyznaczania wydajności turbin wiatrowych. Pozwalają one przewidzieć moc wyjściową oraz inne dane umożliwiające walidację modeli teoretycznych i numerycznych.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

wind engineering; wind energy; wind tunnel test; blade aerodynamics; renewable energy; blockage correction

PL

inżynieria wiatrowa; energia wiatrowa; badania w tunelu aerodynamicznym; aerodynamika łopat turbin; energia odnawialna; korekcja efektu blokady

• Wydawca: Wydawnictwo Politechniki Krakowskiej im. Tadeusza Kościuszki
• Czasopismo: Czasopismo Techniczne. Budownictwo
• Rocznik: 2015
• Tom: Y. 112, iss. 2-B
• Strony: 63--81
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 28 poz., wz., wykr., il.

Twórcy

autor

Flay R. G. J.

• Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Auckland, New Zealand

Bibliografia

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Uwagi

EN

The writer acknowledges the contributions from his colleagues and from former PhD students Dr Derek Phillips and Dr Mustahib Imraan, and from current student Mr Simon Corkery, whose results are used for some of the examples in this paper.