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Purpose: The research aimed to identify what causes some highly skilled migrants from Ukraine to work according to their qualifications and others work below their qualifications. Design/methodology/approach: This article discusses the results of a survey conducted among 248 highly skilled economic migrants from Ukraine working in Poland. Two groups were analysed: working according to their qualifications and working below their qualifications. The study was carried out between December 2021 and March 2022. The CATI method has been used. Findings: There is a statistically significant relationship between the length of work experience of respondents in Ukraine and whether or not they are working according to their qualifications or below their qualifications. There is a statistically significant relationship between working in accordance with or not in accordance with qualifications and the assessment of whether it is difficult for a Ukrainian to get a job in Poland in accordance with his/her qualification. Research limitations/implications: The limitation of the conducted research is that it is conducted exclusively from the perspective of the migrant and does not take into account external factors such as the situation in the labour market of the host country, legal conditions, employers' attitudes towards employing foreigners in positions requiring higher education. This should be taken into account in future research. Practical implications: The research also has implications for the management of organisations. They show that there are people among the Ukrainian workforce whose potential is not being used. Their talents could be utilised within the organisation. Further research should look at companies and examine how the process of hiring foreign workers works and determine when a company decides to hire a highly qualified Ukrainian according to his/her background. Social implications: Poland has become a country of immigration. Economic migrants from Ukraine were joined by refugees from that country after 24.02.2022. The proper use of migrants' qualifications is therefore important from the point of view of the economy, but also of the host society. Originality/value: It shows the possibility of using highly qualified migrants from Ukraine in the organisation. In the Polish labour market migrants from Ukraine are mainly employed as manual workers.
Rocznik
Tom
Strony
267--282
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 28 poz.
Twórcy
- Opole University of Technology
autor
- Wrocław University of Science and Technology
autor
- Opole University of Technology Opole
autor
- Opole University of Technology, Opole
autor
- Opole University of Technology
autor
- Opole University of Technology
Bibliografia
- 1. Ahmad, A. Does additional work experience moderate ethnic discrimination in the labour market? Economic and Industrial Democracy, 24. doi:10.1177/0143831x20969828
- 2. Banerjee, B. (1983). The Role of the Informal Sector in the Migration Process – a Test of Probabilistic Migration Models and Labour-Market Segmentation for India. Oxford Economic Papers-New Series, 35(3), 399-422. doi.org/10.1093/oxfordjournals. oep.a041604
- 3. Chiquiar, D., Hanson, G.H. (2005). International migration, self-selection, and the distribution of wages: Evidence from Mexico and the United States. Journal of Political Economy, 113(2), 239-281. doi:10.1086/427464.
- 4. Chiswick, B.R., Miller, P.W. (2009). The international transferability of immigrants’ human capital. Economics of Education Review, 28(2), 162-169. doi.org/10.1016/ j.econedurev.2008.07.002.
- 5. Docquier, F., Marfouk, A. (2006). International migration by education attainment, 1990-2000. In: C. Özden, M. Schiff (eds.), International migration, remittances and the brain drain (pp. 151-199).
- 6. Duszczyk, M., Kaczmarczyk, P. (2022). War and migration: the recent influx from Ukraine into Poland and possible scenarios for the future. CMR Spotlight, 4, 39.
- 7. Elo, M., Aman, R., Täube, F. (2020). Female migrants and brain waste–A conceptual challenge with societal implications. International Migration. doi.org/10.1111/imig.12783.
- 8. Favell, A. (2008). The new face of East–West migration in Europe. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 34(5), 701-716. doi.org/10.1080/13691830802105947.
- 9. Fellini, I., Guetto, R. (2019). A “U-shaped” pattern of immigrants’ occupational careers? A comparative analysis of Italy, Spain, and France. International Migration Review, 53(1), 26-58. doi.org/10.1177/019791831876793.
- 10. Fihel, A., Janicka, A., Kaczmarczyk, P., Nestorowicz, J. (2015). Free movement of workers and transitional arrangements: Lessons from the 2004 and 2007 enlargements. Unpublished report to the European Commission. Warsaw: Centre for Migration Studies.
- 11. Górny, A. (2017). All circular but different: Variation in patterns of Ukraine‐to‐Poland migration. Population, Space and Place, 23(8), doi.org/10.1002/psp.2074.
- 12. Górny, A., Kaczmarczyk, P., Napierała, J., Toruńczyk-Ruiz, S. (2013). Raport z badania imigrantów w Polsce. Warsaw: Ośrodek Badań nad Migracjami Fundacja.
- 13. Gottfredson, G.D. (2002). Interests, aspirations, self-estimates, and the self-directed search. Journal of Career Assessment, 10(2), 200-208. doi.org/10.1177/1069072702010002.
- 14. Hall, P.V., Sadouzai, T. (2010). The value of "experience" and the labour market entry of new immigrants to Canada. Canadian Public Policy, 36(2), 181-198. doi:10.3138/ cpp.36.2.181.
- 15. Heckathorn, D.D. (2011). Comment: Snowball versus respondent-driven sampling. Sociological Methodology, 41(1), 355-366. doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9531.2011.0124.
- 16. Kostenko, W., Harris, M., Zhao, X. (2012). Occupational transition and country-of-origin effects in the early stage occupational assimilation of immigrants: some evidence from Australia. Applied Economics, 44(31), 4019-4035. doi.org/10.1080/00036846.2011. 587774.
- 17. Kubiciel-Lodzińska, S. (2012). Imigracja zarobkowa do województwa opolskiego. Skala, warunki i perspektywy. Opole.
- 18. Parrenas, R. (2001). Servants of Migration: Women, Migration and Domestic Work. California: Stanford University Press.
- 19. Pecoraro, M., Wanner, P. (2019). Does the Recognition of Foreign Credentials Decrease the Risk for Immigrants of Being Mismatched in Education or Skills? In: Migrants and expats: The Swiss migration and mobility nexus (pp. 161-186). Cham: Springer.
- 20. Pędziwiatr, K., Brzozowski, J., Nahorniuk, O. (2022), Refugees from Ukraine in Kraków. Centre for Advanced Studies of Population and Religion, https://owim.uek.krakow.pl/wp-content/uploads/user-files/reports/refugeereport1.pdf.
- 21. Peixoto, J. (2001). Migration and policies in the European Union: highly skilled mobility, free movement of labour and recognition of diplomas. International Migration, 39(1), 33-61. doi.org/10.1111/1468-2435.00134.
- 22. Piore, M.J. (1979). Birds of passage: migrant labor and industrial societies. Cambridge University Press.
- 23. Raport specjalny EWL Uchodźcy z Ukrainy w Polsce (2022). https://ewl.com.pl/raport-specjalny-uchodzcy-z-ukrainy-w-polsce/.
- 24. Reitz, J.G. (2001). Immigrant skill utilization in the Canadian labour market: Implications of human capital research. Journal of International Migration and Integration/Revue de l'integration et de la migration internationale, 2(3), 347-378. doi.org/10.1007/s12134-001-1004-1.
- 25. Siar, S.V. (2013). From highly skilled to low skilled: revisiting the deskilling of migrant labor. PIDS Discussion Paper Series, No. 30.
- 26. Sumption, M. (2013). Tackling brain waste: Strategies to improve the recognition of immigrants’ foreign qualifications. Washington, DC: Migration Policy Institute.
- 27. Tacy sami czy jednak inni? "Przedwojenni" imigranci z Ukrainy vs. uchodźcy z Ukrainy - porównanie. Raport z badań (2022). Openfield.
- 28. Yeatts, D.E., Folts, W.E., Knapp, J. (2000). Older Workers' Adaptation to a Changing Workplace: Employment Issues for the 21st Century. Educational Gerontology, 26(6), 565-582. doi.org/10.1080/03601270050133900.
Uwagi
PL
Opracowanie rekordu ze środków MNiSW, umowa nr SONP/SP/546092/2022 w ramach programu "Społeczna odpowiedzialność nauki" - moduł: Popularyzacja nauki i promocja sportu (2024).
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-1ab9d202-4108-487d-bf18-f03cf989c1b9