Problems and challenges of the built environment and the potential of prefabricated architecture

• Autorzy: Tofiluk Anna

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.24425/ace.2023.146088

Warianty tytułu

PL

Problemy i wyzwania środowiska zabudowanego a potencjał architektury prefabrykowanej

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

A contemporary European city faces various challenges, and it remains in a permanent state of crisis. The components that create such a situation are subject to change over time. In addition to the existing problems, the inhabitants, authorities, and people involved in designing and transforming the city, including architects, face new challenges. In recent years, the old problem of a shortage of affordable housing has been coupled with new challenges, including a sudden influx of refugees, climate change and its consequences, and the pandemic. Solutions to these issues are complex and multi-dimensional, and the actions to be taken are of interdisciplinary nature. Prefabricated architecture can be part of these solutions. Prefabricated building technologies, including prefabricated large-panel buildings, modular buildings and mobile structures, can, under appropriate conditions, modernize the process of building new housing. These solutions fit into the idea of sustainable development and can respond to unexpected and dynamically changing circumstances over time (emergency buildings). This paper examines the contemporary urban crisis and possible steps to be taken through the prism of the possibilities offered by the design of prefabricated buildings. The question is what criteria and design strategies should be adopted for prefabricated architecture to meet the demands of a city in crisis? The conducted analyses are universal. Nevertheless, they consider the application of prefabricated solutions in architecture in Poland and the potential for its further development. Therefore, the discussed implementations from the author’s country are given an important role in the text and are shown first against the background of European design practice. Omission of solutions from other continents is a deliberate delimitation.

PL

Współczesne europejskie miasto mierzy się z wieloma problemami i można przyjąć, że pozostaje w permanentnym kryzysie. Składowe ten kryzys tworzące ulegają zmianom w czasie. Do już istniejących problemów dochodzą nowe wyzwania, z którymi zostają skonfrontowani mieszkańcy, zarządcy oraz osoby zaangażowane w projektowanie i przekształcanie miasta, w tym architekci. Do „odwiecznego” problemu jakim jest niedobór dostępnych mieszkań, dołączyły w ostatnich latach nowe wyzwania, w tym m.in. gwałtowany napływ uchodźców, zmiany klimatu i ich konsekwencje oraz pandemia. Rozwiązania tych zagadnień są złożone i wielowątkowe, a podejmowane działania interdyscyplinarne. Architektura prefabrykowana może stanowić część składową tych rozwiązań. Prefabrykowane technologie budowlane, w tym budownictwo wielkopłytowe, modułowe oraz obiekty mobilne pozwalają, przy spełnieniu odpowiednich warunków, usprawnić proces wznoszenia nowych mieszkań, wpisują się w ideę gospodarki cyrkularnej oraz mogą być odpowiedzią na nieoczekiwane i dynamicznie zmieniające się w czasie uwarunkowania (budynki kryzysowe). Niniejszy tekst analizuje współczesny kryzys miasta i możliwe do podjęcia kroki przez pryzmat możliwości jakie daje projektowanie obiektów prefabrykowanych. Stawia pytanie i poszukuje odpowiedzi przy spełnieniu jakich warunków ta architektoniczna „najstarsza nowa idea” może pomóc sprostać wymaganiom współczesności.. Przeprowadzone analizy mają charakter uniwersalny, niemniej jednak uwzględniają zastosowanie rozwiązań prefabrykowanych w architekturze w Polsce oraz potencjał jej dalszego rozwoju. Dlatego też omawiane realizacje z kraju autora zajmują istotne miejsce w tekście i są pokazywane w pierwszej kolejności na tle europejskiej praktyki projektowej. Pominięcie rozwiązań z innych kontynentów jest celową delimitacją.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

container architecture; city crisis; modular architecture; offsite architecture; parasitic architecture; prefabricated architecture; large-panel building

PL

architektura prefabrykowana; kryzys miasta; architektura modułowa; architektura pasożytnicza; architektura kontenerowa; budownictwo wielkopłytowe

• Wydawca: Komitet Inżynierii Lądowej i Wodnej PAN ; Politechnika Warszawska, Wydział Inżynierii Lądowej
• Czasopismo: Archives of Civil Engineering
• Rocznik: 2023
• Tom: Vol. 69, nr 3
• Strony: 405--424
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 88 poz., il., tab.

Twórcy

autor

Tofiluk Anna

• Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Architecture, Warsaw, Poland

• https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5082-6746

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