Land use impact on overland flow: micro-scale field experimental analysis

• Autorzy: Minea G. , Ioana-Toroimac G.

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.1515/jwld-2016-0013

Warianty tytułu

PL

Wpływ użytkowania ziemi na spływ powierzchniowy: analiza polowego eksperymentu w skali mikro

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

The objective of this paper was to experimentally investigate the hydrological effect of land use on overland flow at micro-scale. The research was based on field experiments made with stationary and expeditionary measurements on runoff plots. Plots are located in the Curvature Subcarpathians, form part of the Aldeni Experimental Basin (Romania) and cover an area of 80 m². The land is covered with perennial grass and bare soil. The experiments in this field were performed under natural and simulated rainfalls. The plots data (rainfall and discharges) obtained during the experiments conducted in the warm semester (IV–IX) and one artificial rainfall (1 mm∙min^–1) were used. Significant variations in hydrological responses to rainfall rates were identified for the two land uses. On average, overland flow parameters on runoff plots covered with grasses were reduced to maximum 28% for discharges and to 50% for volumes while in the case of simulated rainfalls, the runoff rates were significantly increased on the bare soil plot. Grasses have a very important function as they cover and protect the soil and slow down the overland flow.

PL

Celem badań było doświadczalne zbadanie wpływu użytkowania ziemi na spływ powierzchniowy w skali mikro. Badania prowadzono w ramach eksperymentu polowego realizowanego metodą stacjonarnych i ekspedycyjnych pomiarów spływu z poletek. Poletka znajdują się w łuku pogórza Karpat, stanowią część eksperymentalnego Basenu Aldeni (Rumunia) i mają powierzchnię 80 m². Pokrywają je wieloletnie trawy lub sama gleba. Eksperymenty prowadzono w warunkach naturalnego i symulowanego opadu. Do badań użyto danych (opad i odpływ) uzyskanych w eksperymencie prowadzonym w półroczu letnim (kwiecień–wrzesień) oraz z zastosowaniem sztucznego deszczu (1 mm∙min^–1). Stwierdzono istotne zróżnicowanie reakcji hydrologicznej na wielkość opadów między dwoma sposobami użytkowania ziemi. Wartości parametrów spływu powierzchniowego na poletkach porośniętych trawą średnio zmniejszyły się do 28% odpływu i do 50% objętości. W przypadku symulowanego opadu deszczu szybkość odpływu istotnie zwiększyła się na poletkach pokrytych samą glebą. Trawy pełnią istotną funkcję, ponieważ pokrywają i chronią glebę oraz spowalniają spływ powierzchniowy.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

fields experiment; grasses; microscale; overland flow; runoff plots

PL

doświadczenie polowe; poletka do pomiaru odpływu; skala mikro; spływ powierzchniowy; trawy

• Wydawca: Wydawnictwo ITP
• Czasopismo: Journal of Water and Land Development
• Rocznik: 2016
• Tom: no. 29
• Strony: 67--74
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 47 poz., fot., rys., tab.

Twórcy

autor

Minea G.

• National Institute of Hydrology and Water Management, Bucharest, Romania

autor

Ioana-Toroimac G.

• University of Bucharest, Department of Meteorology and Hydrology, Faculty of Geography, Bucharest, Romania

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Uwagi

PL

Opracowanie ze środków MNiSW w ramach umowy 812/P-DUN/2016 na działalność upowszechniającą naukę.