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Contemporary floor vibration guidelines limit the discussion of walking-induced vibrations to single-pedestrian loading scenario. Nevertheless, the inclusion of more than one pedestrian in the vibration evaluation would result in a more realistic range of floor responses. In this paper, an attempt was made to experimentally and numerically investigate the combined effect of two persons walking simultaneously on an actual building floor. The floor fundamental frequency and damping ratio were obtained from physical heel drop tests and the footfall response was measured in a series of walking tests. A finite element model was created for prediction of floor responses under different walking scenarios. A probabilistic prediction was also performed where random variations in pacing rates, body weights and arrival times of the pedestrians were considered in a large number of Monte Carlo simulations. It was showed that the response due to a single person with resonant step frequency can be greater than that due to two persons walking at off-resonant pacing rates. However, the resonant response induced by two pedestrians can be 1.29-1.38 times greater than that caused by a pedestrian.
Czasopismo
Rocznik
Tom
Strony
105--114
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 36 poz.
Twórcy
autor
- PhD; Faculty of Civil Engineering, University of Architecture Ho Chi Minh City, 196 Pasteur St., Dist. 3, HCMC, Vietnam
Bibliografia
- [1] BS 6472-1:2008. Guide to evaluation of human exposure to vibration in buildings, Part 1: Vibration sources other than blasting.
- [2] Chae, J. Y., Park, S. K., & Heo, B. W. (2016). Comparison of the Vibration and Acoustic Characteristics of Floor Structural System for Multi-Family Housing. Journal of The Korean Society of Living Environmental System, 23(4), 527-535.
- [3] Gonçalves, M. S., Pavic, A., & Pimentel, R. L. (2020). Vibration serviceability assessment of office floors for realistic walking and floor layout scenarios: Literature review. Advances in Structural Engineering, 23(6), 1238-1255.
- [4] Nguyen, T., Gad, E., Wilson, J., & Haritos, N. (2014). Mitigating footfall-induced vibration in long-span floors. Australian Journal of Structural Engineering, 15(1), 97-109.
- [5] Nguyen, T., Saidi, I., Gad, E., Wilson, J., & Haritos, N. (2012). Performance of Distributed Multiple Viscoelastic Tuned Mass Dampers for Floor Vibration Applications. Advances in Structural Engineering, 15(3), 547-562.
- [6] Smith, A., Hick, S., & Devine, P. (2009). Design of Floors for Vibration: A New Approach - SCI Publication P354. Ascot: The Steel Construction Institute.
- [7] Murray, T. M., Allen, D., Ungar, E. E., & Davis, D. B. (2016). Design Guide 11: Vibrations of steel-framed structural systems due to human activity. Chicago: American Institute of Steel Construction AISC.
- [8] Zivanovic, S., & Pavic, A. (2009). Probabilistic Modeling of Walking Excitation for Building Floors. Journal of Performance of Constructed Facilities, 23, 132 - 143.
- [9] Willford, M. R., & Young, P. (2006). A design guide for footfall induced vibration of structures (CCIP 016). London: The Concrete Centre.
- [10] European Commission. (2006). Generalisation of criteria for floor vibrations for industrial, office, residential and public building and gymnastic halls, RFCS Report EUR 21972 EN (E. Commission, Ed.).
- [11] ISO 10137:2007. Bases for design of structures - Serviceability of buildings and walkways against vibrations (2 nd ed.).
- [12] Bachmann, H., & Ammann, W. (1987). Vibrations in structures: induced by man and machines. Zurich: IABSE-AIPC-IVBH.
- [13] Kerr, S., & Bishop, N. (2001). Human induced loading on flexible staircases. Engineering structures, 23(1), 37-45.
- [14] Kasperski, M., & Sahnaci, C. (2007). Serviceability of pedestrian structures. Proceedings of the International Modal Analysis Conference (IMAC XXV), Orlando, USA.
- [15] Ji, T., & Pachi, A. (2005). Frequency and velocity of people walking. Structural Engineer, 84(3), 36-40.
- [16] Toso, M. A., Gomes, H. M., da Silva, F. T., & Pimentel, R. L. (2016). Experimentally fitted biodynamic models for pedestrian-structure interaction in walking situations. Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing, 72, 590-606.
- [17] Brownjohn, J., Pavic, A., & Omenzetter, P. (2004). A spectral density approach for modelling continuous vertical forces on pedestrian structures due to walking. Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering, 31(1), 65-77.
- [18] Racic, V., & Brownjohn, J. M. W. (2011). Stochastic model of near-periodic vertical loads due to humans walking. Advanced Engineering Informatics, 25(2), 259-275.
- [19] Hudson, E. J., & Reynolds, P. (2014). Implications of structural design on the effectiveness of active vibration control of floor structures. Structural Control and Health Monitoring, 21(5), 685-704.
- [20] Chen, J., Wang, J., & Brownjohn, J. M. (2019). Power spectral-density model for pedestrian walking load. Journal of Structural Engineering, 145(2), 04018239.
- [21] Mohammed, A. S., & Pavic, A. (2017). Effect of walking people on dynamic properties of floors. Procedia engineering, 199, 2856-2863.
- [22] Wei, X., Van den Broeck, P., De Roeck, G., & Van Nimmen, K. (2017). A simplified method to account for the effect of human-human interaction on the pedestrian-induced vibrations of footbridges. Procedia engineering, 199, 2907-2912.
- [23] Shahabpoor, E., Pavic, A., Racic, V., & Zivanovic, S. (2017). Effect of group walking traffic on dynamic properties of pedestrian structures. Journal of Sound and Vibration, 387, 207-225.
- [24] Bassoli, E., Van Nimmen, K., Vincenzi, L., & Van den Broeck, P. (2018). A spectral load model for pedestrian excitation including vertical human-structure interaction. Engineering structures, 156, 537-547.
- [25] Zivanovic, S., Pavic, A., & Reynolds, P. (2005). Vibration serviceability of footbridges under human-induced excitation: a literature review. Journal of Sound and Vibration, 279(1-2), 1-74.
- [26] Pernica, G. (1990). Dynamic load factors for pedestrian movements and rhythmic exercises. Canadian Acoustics, 18(2), 3-18.
- [27] Ebrahimpour, A., Hamam, A., Sack, R., & Patten, W. (1996). Measuring and modeling dynamic loads imposed by moving crowds. Journal of Structural Engineering-Asce, 122(12), 1468-1474.
- [28] Ellis, B. (2003). The influence of crowd size on floor vibrations induced by walking. Structural Engineer, 81(6), 20-27.
- [29] Pan, T. C., XUTING, Y., & CHEE, L. L. I. M. (2008). Evaluation of Floor Vibration in a Biotechnology Laboratory Caused by Human Walking. Journal of Performance of Constructed Facilities, 22(3), 122-130.
- [30] Sétra (2006). Assessment of vibrational behaviour of footbridges under pedestrian loading. Paris: The French Sétra.
- [31] Chopra, A. K. (2007). Dynamics of structures. New Jersey: Pearson Education.
- [32] De Silva, C. W. (2006). Vibration: fundamentals and practice. Florida: CRC press.
- [33] ISO 2631-1:1997(en). Mechanical vibration and shock - Evaluation of human exposure to whole-body vibration: Part 1: General requirements.
- [34] CSI (2017). Analysis Reference Manual for SAP2000, ETABS, SAFE and CSiBridge. Berkeley, CA: Computers and Structures, Inc.
- [35] Kharab, A., & Guenther, R. (2018). An introduction to numerical methods: a MATLAB® approach. CRC press.
- [36] Rubinstein, R. Y., & Kroese, D. P. (2016). Simulation and the Monte Carlo method (Vol. 10). New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons.
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
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