Seasonal enhancement of phytoplankton biomass in the southern tropical Indian Ocean: Significance of meteorological and oceanography parameters

Karnan, Chinnadurai; Gautham, Sreedharan

doi:10.1016/j.oceano.2023.10.003

Artykuł - szczegóły

Tytuł artykułu

Seasonal enhancement of phytoplankton biomass in the southern tropical Indian Ocean: Significance of meteorological and oceanography parameters

Autorzy

Karnan Chinnadurai , Gautham Sreedharan

Wybrane pełne teksty z tego czasopisma

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.1016/j.oceano.2023.10.003

Warianty tytułu

Języki publikacji

Abstrakty

The present study focused on understanding the seasonality of the phytoplankton biomass (chlorophyll a) distribution in the oligotrophic, Equatorial, and Southern Tropical Indian Ocean (ESTIO; 0–30°S and 60–90°E). The long-term satellite data analyses (2003–2020) showed a strong seasonality in sea surface temperature (SST), wind, currents, mean sea level anomaly (MSLA), photosynthetically available radiation (PAR), euphotic depth (ZEU) and mixed layer depth (MLD). As a response to the hydrographical changes, the phytoplankton biomass showed noticeable seasonal variation with the highest biomass during the Austral Winter (AW; June–September; avg. 0.11 ± 0.03 mg/m³) and lowest during the Austral Summer (AS; November–February; avg. 0.07 ± 0.03 mg/m). High chlorophyll patches (>0.1 mg/m³) were found between 0°–8°S during the AS and expanded over 0°–18°S during the AW. As multi-year mean chlorophyll a was higher (>0.1 mg/m³) in the northern part of the ESTIO (north of ∼13°S; HCD: high chlorophyll a domain) than the southern side (LCD: low chlorophyll a domain), the study area was divided into two domains and all the variables were analysed. In the HCD, enhancement of chlorophyll a was positively correlated with variables such as wind speed, wind stress, Ekman pumping, stronger northward and westward winds, as well as the presence of cyclonic eddies. These features are likely to stimulate primary production by uplifting the thermocline and enhancing nutrient supply. In the LCD, mixed layer depth also showed a strong positive correlation with elevated chlorophyll a, apparently because it is deep throughout the year (thereby keeping lower biomass) and deepens more strongly in winter than in the HCD. Another contrast with the HCD is that the cyclonic eddies appear to be insufficiently abundant to influence its chlorophyll a. Pearson's multivariable correlation analysis and principle component analysis confirmed the statistical significance of the above parameters on the enhancement of chlorophyll a in the ESTIO.

Słowa kluczowe

southern tropical Indian Ocean chlorophyll a primary production seasonality oligotrophy

Wydawca

Polish Academy of Sciences, Institute of Oceanology
Elsevier

Czasopismo

Oceanologia

Rocznik

2024

Tom

Vol. 66 (2)

Strony

196--219

Opis fizyczny

Bibliogr. 97 poz., map., rys., tab., wykr.

Twórcy

autor

Karnan Chinnadurai

karnanc@nio.org

CSIR – National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa, India

autor

Gautham Sreedharan

CSIR – National Institute of Oceanography, Dona Paula, Goa, India

Bibliografia

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