The effect of CaF2 and BaF2 solid lubricants on wear resistance of laserborided 100CrMnSi6-4 bearing steel

• Autorzy: Piasecki A. , Kotkowiak M. , Kulka M.

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.5604/01.3001.0010.4869

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Purpose: In this paper, laser alloying with boron and solid lubricants was used in order to produce the self-lubricating layer on 100CrMnSi6-4 bearing steel. The influence of CaF2 and BaF2 on microstructure, hardness, chemical and phase composition as well as wear resistance of the layers was studied. Design/methodology/approach: The two-step process was used during laser alloying. First, the surface of the specimen was coated by a paste with alloying material. The alloying material consisted of the mixture of amorphous boron and self-lubricating additions (CaF2 and BaF2). Next, the surface was re-melted by a laser beam using TRUMPF TLF 2600 Turbo CO2 laser. The laser beam power 1.43 kW was used for laser alloying. The layer was characterized using X-ray diffraction, Scanning Electron Microscopy, Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy, microhardness tester. The dry sliding wear behaviour of the layer was investigated using the Amsler type wear test. Findings: The tribofilm, consisting of solid lubricants, was observed on the worn surfaces of laser-alloyed layers. It caused an increase in the wear resistance at room temperature. The presence of calcium fluoride and barium fluoride was confirmed in laser-alloyed layers using XRD and X-ray microanalysis by EDS method. Practical implications: Laser surface modification with solid lubricants had the important cognitive significance and gives grounds to the practical employment of this technology for reducing the abrasive wear. Originality/value: The wear mechanism of surface layer with solid lubricants was determined. The produced layer with laser alloying layers of boron and solid lubricant (CaF2 or BaF2) was compared.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

laser boriding; self-lubricating addition; microstructure; hardness; wear resistance

PL

borowanie laserowe; dodatek samosmarujący; mikrostruktura; twardość; odporność na zużycie

• Wydawca: International OCSCO World Press
• Czasopismo: Archives of Materials Science and Engineering
• Rocznik: 2017
• Tom: Vol. 86, nr 1
• Strony: 15--23
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 20 poz.

Twórcy

autor

Piasecki A.

• Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Poznan

autor

Kotkowiak M.

• Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Poznan

autor

Kulka M.

• Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Poznan

Bibliografia

• [1] M. Kulka, M. Przylecka, W. Gestwa, M. Piwecki, Influence of carburizing and heat treatment on the mechanical properties of LH15 grade bearing steel, Materials Science Forum 163-166/1 (1994) 215-220.
• [2] S. Taktak, I. Gunes, Effect of pulse plasma nitriding on tribological properties of AISI 52100 and 440C steels, International Journal of Surface Science and Engineering 8/1 (2014) 39-56.
• [3] X. Li, W. Yue, C. Wang, X. Gao, S. Wang, J. Liu, Comparing tribological behaviors of plasma nitride and untreated bearing steel under lubrication with phosphor and sulfur-free organotungsten additive, Tribology International 51 (2012) 47-53.
• [4] S. Wang, W. Yue, Z. Fu, C. Wang, X. Li, J. Liu, Study on the tribological properties of plasma nitrided bearing steel under lubrication with borate ester additive, Tribology International 66 (2013) 259-264.
• [5] W. Yue, Z. Fu, S. Wang, X. Gao, H. Huang, J. Liu, Tribological synergistic effects between plasma nitride 52100 steel and molybdenum dithiocarbamates additive in boundary lubrication regime, Tribology International 74 (2014) 72-78.
• [6] I. Ozbek, Mechanical properties and kinetics of borided AISI M50 bearing steel, Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering 39/6 (2014) 5185-5192.
• [7] S. Sen, U. Sen, The effect of boronizing and borochromizing on tribological performance of AISI 52100 bearing steels, Industrial Lubrication and Tribology 61/3 (2009) 146-153.
• [8] M. Nilsson, M. Olsson, Tribological testing of some potential PVD and CVD coatings for steel wire drawing dies, Wear 273 (2011) 55-59.
• [9] B. Podgornik, J. Vižintin, U. Borovšak, F. Megušar, Tribological properties of DLC coatings in helium, Tribology Letters 47/2 (2012) 223-230.
• [10] I.L. Rasmussen, M. Guibert, M. Belin, J.M. Martin, N.J. Mikkelsen, H.C. Pedersen, J. Schou, Wear monitoring of protective nitride coatings using image processing, Surface and Coatings Technology 204 (2010) 1970-1972.
• [11] E. Jonda, K. Labisz, L.A. Dobrzański, Microstructure and properties of the hot work tool steel gradient surface layer obtained using laser alloying with tungsten carbide ceramic powder, Archives of Materials Science and Engineering 78/1 (2016) 37-44.
• [12] M. Bonek, Formation of gradient surface layers on high speed steel by laser surface alloying process, Archives of Materials Science and Engineering 58/2 (2012) 182-192.
• [13] R. Harichandran, N. Selvakumar, Effect of h-BN solid nano lubricant on the dry sliding wear behaviour of Al-B4C nanocomposites, Archives of Materials Science and Engineering 77/1 (2016) 5-11.
• [14] J. Cho, Y. Xiong, J. Kim, C. Lee, S.Y. Hwang, Tribological behavior of NiCr-base blended and nanostructured composite APS coatings by rig test, Wear 265 (2008) 1565-1571.
• [15] J.F. Yang, Y. Jiang, J. Hardell, B. Prakash, Q.F. Fang, Influence of service temperature on tribological characteristics of self-lubricant coatings: a review, Frontiers of Materials Science 7/1 (2013) 28-39.
• [16] I.M. Allam, Solid lubricants for applications at elevated temperatures: A review, Journal of Materials Science 26/15 (1991) 3977-3984.
• [17] L. Kong, S. Zhu, Q. Bi, Z. Qiao, J. Yang, W. Liu, Friction and wear behavior of self-lubricating ZrO2(Y2O3)–CaF2–Mo–graphite composite from 20°C to 1000°C, Ceramics International 40 (2014) 10787- 10792.
• [18] X. Zhang, L. Zhang, Z. Huang, Characterization of Ni-based alloy submicron WS2/CaF2 composite coatings deposited by high velocity oxy-fuel (HVOF) spray process, Advanced Materials Research 881-883 (2014) 1407-1411.
• [19] A. Piasecki, M. Kulka, M. Kotkowiak, Wear resistance improvement of 100CrMnSi6-4 bearing steel by laser boriding using CaF2 self-lubricating addition, Tribology International 97 (2016) 173- 191.
• [20] A. Piasecki, M. Kotkowiak, M. Kulka, Selflubricating surface layers produced using laser alloying of bearing steel, Wear Part B 376-377 (2017) 993-1008.