Predicting water erosion in arid lands using the GIS-based RUSLE model: A case study of Bedour catchment, central Tunisia

• Autorzy: Bedoui Chokri

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.2478/jwld-2019-0006

Warianty tytułu

PL

Przewidywanie erozji wodnej na obszarach klimatu suchego za pomocą modelu RUSLE z wykorzystaniem GIS – przykład zlewni Bedour w środkowej Tunezji

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

This study was conducted with a view to quantifying soil erosion in arid lands of Tunisia. To do this, we have opted to use the RUSLE model based on geographic information systems. By collecting data on rainfall, soils, vegetation, slopes and conservation practices separately as a layer and determining the pixel values for each of these factors, a quantified assessment of erosion in the basin is obtained. The data superposition and computing, following the model equations and protocol, allowed us to know the spatialized water erosion values at the pixel level. For the whole catchment, the study showed values oscillating between 0 and 163 Mg·ha^–1·year^–1 with an average annual rate of 3 Mg·ha^–1·year^–1. With such a low R (rainfall erosivity) factor (between 21.43 and 21.88 MJ·mm·ha^–1·h^–1·year^–1) itself related to low monthly and annual rainfall amounts, the region experiences locally very high annual erosion rates. Soil protection through conservation practices has saved the basin from even higher erosion. While plains cultivated and equipped with contour benches often suffer from low rates of erosion (less than 2 Mg·ha^–1·year^–1), unused slopes are neglected without protection, resulting in significantly high rates of erosion.

PL

Badania prowadzono, aby ilościowo ocenić erozję gleby na suchych obszarach Tunezji. W tym celu wykorzystano model RUSLE bazujący na systemie informacji geograficznej. Zbiór danych, ich nakładanie i obliczenia prowadzono zgodnie z równaniami i protokołem modelu umożliwiły poznanie erozji w przestrzeni na poziomie pikseli. Badania wykazały, że w całej zlewni nasilenie erozji zmieniało się od 0 do 163 Mg·ha^–1·rok^–1 ze średnią równą 3 Mg·ha^–1·rok^–1. Mimo małego współczynnika R (erozyjność opadu), mieszczącego się w granicach 21,43–21,88 MJ·mm·ha^–1·h^–1·rok^–1, który odzwierciedla niewielkie miesięczne i roczne opady, badany region doświadcza lokalnie bardzo wysokiego tempa erozji. Ochrona gleby poprzez odpowiednie działania uratowała zlewnię przed jeszcze większą erozją. Podczas gdy równiny uprawiane z ziemnymi ławami biegnącymi wzdłuż poziomic ulegają mniejszej erozji (mniej niż 2 Mg·ha^–1·rok^–1), nieuprawiane stoki są pozbawione takiej ochrony, co skutkuje wysokim tempem erozji.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

arid lands; GIS; RUSLE; Tunisia; water erosion

PL

erozja wodna; GIS; obszary suchego klimatu; RUSLE; Tunezja

• Wydawca: Wydawnictwo ITP
• Czasopismo: Journal of Water and Land Development
• Rocznik: 2019
• Tom: no. 40
• Strony: 59--66
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 23 poz., rys., tab.

Twórcy

autor

Bedoui Chokri

• University of Sfax, Department of Geography, route de l’aéroport, B.P. 1168, 3000 Sfax, Tunisia

Bibliografia

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Uwagi

Opracowanie rekordu w ramach umowy 509/P-DUN/2018 ze środków MNiSW przeznaczonych na działalność upowszechniającą naukę (2019).