Control of micro-inverters as an overvoltage prevention method under high PV- penetration

• Autorzy: Gagrica O. , Kling W. L. , Uhl T.
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Low voltage (LV) residential grids are generally not designed for high penetration of photovoltaic (PV) distributed generation. Maximization of PV output is not only opposed by solar energy intermittency, but also by grid impacts in form of reverse power flow and overvoltage. More intelligent control of PV inverters is required to balance the voltage requirements of the grid and maximum energy yield wanted by the end user. This paper discusses how micro-inverter topology could be utilized to handle overvoltage problem and avoid power output losses by applying an innovative control method. Control is realized as partial generation shedding at PV module level which is an optimized alternative comparing to conventional, entire PV array tripping in the event of overvoltage.

PL

Niskonapięciowe systemy paneli słonecznych do użytku domowego mają istotne ograniczenia dotyczące intensywności zachodzących w nich zjawisk fotowoltaicznych. Ujemny wpływ na maksymalną efektywność tego typu układów mają nie tylko okresowe przerwy w nasłonecznieniu, lecz również przepięcia występujące w tych układach. Skuteczne sterowanie pracą przełączników napięcia jest bardzo istotne dla zapewnienia wymaganego napięcia oraz maksymalizacji mocy dostarczanej do końcowego użytkownika. W pracy zaprezentowano koncepcję wykorzystania topologii mikroprzełączników oraz nowatorską metodę ich sterowania, umożliwiającą rozwiązywanie problemów związanych z przepięciami oraz zmniejszenia strat mocy wyjściowej. Sterowanie jest realizowane na poziomie poszczególnych modułów fotowoltaicznych.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

voltage control; micro-inverter; photovoltaic; power quality; distributed generation

PL

regulator ładowania; generacja rozproszona; zjawisko fotowoltaiczne; jakość energii elektrycznej

• Wydawca: AGH University of Science and Technology Press
• Czasopismo: Mechanics and Control
• Rocznik: 2013
• Tom: Vol. 32, no. 2
• Strony: 52--59
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 17 poz., rys., wykr., tab.

Twórcy

autor

Gagrica O.

• AGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Robotics, Department of Robotics and Mechatronics, Krakow, Poland

autor

Kling W. L.

• Technische Universiteit Eindhoven, Department of Electical Engineering, Eindhoven, Netherlands

autor

Uhl T.

• AGH University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Robotics, Department of Robotics and Mechatronics, Krakow, Poland

Bibliografia

• 1. Attanasio R. 2012, 250 W grid connected microinverter, ST Electronics.
• 2. Bennich R, Persson A. 2006, Methodology and first results from end-use metering in 400 Swedish households, 4th International Conference on Energy Efficiency in Domestic Appliances And Lighting (EEDAL), Glouchester, UK.
• 3. Dargatz M. 2010, "Utility-Interactive": WhatitMeans, WhatProtection it Ensures, Enphase Energy technical report, Petaluma, CA, USA.
• 4. Demirok E., Sera D., Teodorescu R., Rodriguez R, Borup U. 2010, Evaluation of the yoltage support strategies for the Iow yoltage grid con¬nected PV generators, Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition (ECCE), doi:10.1109/ECCE.2010.5617937.
• 5. IEA-PVPS 2008, Community-Scale Solar Photovoltaics :Housing and Public Development Examples, International Energy Agency IEA-PVPS T10-04: 2008.
• 6. Lee D., Raichle B. 2012, A side-by-side comparison of micro and central inverters in shaded and unshaded conditions, World Renewable Energy Forum, Denver, USA.
• 7. Paatero J.V., Lund RD. 2007a, Impacts of energy storage in distribution grids with high penetration of photovoltaic power International Journal of Distributed Energy Resources vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 31-45.
• 8. Paatero J.Y, Lund, RD. 2007b Effects of large-scale photovoltaic power integration on electricity distribution networks, Renewable Energy vol. 32, pp. 216-234.
• 9. SMA 2010, PV Inverter Sunny Boy US User Manual, SMA America LLC, Denver, USA.
• 10. Thomson M., Infield D.G. 2007, Impact of widespread photovoltaics generation on distribution systems, Renewable Power Generation, doi:10.1049/iet-rpg:20060009.
• 11. Tonkoski R., Lopes L.A.C. 2011, Impact of active power curtailment on overvoltage prevention and energy production of PV inverters connected to low yoltage residential feeders, Renewable Energy, doi:10.1016/j.renene.2011.05.031.
• 12. Tonkoski R., Turcotte D., EL-Fouly, Member T.H.M. 2012, Impact of High PV Penetration on Voltage Profiles in Residential Neighbour-hoods, IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy, doi: 10.1109/TSTE. 2012.2191425.
• 13. Ueda Y., Kurokawa K., Tanabe T, Kitamura K., Sugihara H. 2008, Anal-ysis Results of Output Power Loss Due to the Grid Voltage Rise in Grid-Connected Photovoltaic Power Generation Systems, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, doi: 10.1109/TIE.2008.924447.
• 14. Yiawan F. A. 2006. Steady State Operation and Control of Power Distribution Systems in the Presence of Distributed Generation, Department of Electric Power Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden.
• 15. Walia T, Widen J., Johansson J., Bergerland C. 2012, Determining and in-creasing the hosting capacity for photovoltaics in Swedish distribution grids, 27th European Photovoltaic Energy Conference (EU-PVSEC), doi:10.4229/27thEUPVSEC2012-6DO.12.3.
• 16. Widen J., Wackelgard E., Lund P.D. 2009, Options for improving the load matching capability of distributed photovoltaics: Methodology and application to high-latitude data, Solar Energy, doi:10.1016/j.solen-er.2009.07.007.
• 17. Widen J., Wackelgard E., Paatero J., Lund P. 2010, Impacts of distribut¬ed photovoltaics on network yoltages: Stochastic simulations ofthree Swedish low-voltage distribution grids, Electric Power Systems Research, doi: 10.1016/j.epsr.2010.07.007