Presence, concentrations and risk assessment of dioxins in bottom sediments of Port of Gdynia

• Autorzy: Dereszewska Alina , Krasowska Katarzyna , Popek Marzenna

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.26408/srsp-2023-05

• Konferencja: 17th Summer Safety & Reliability Seminars - SSARS 2023, 9-14 July 2023, Kraków, Poland
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

The risk associated with the exposure of humans and the environment to the impact of toxic compounds such as dioxins is associated with a number of factors such as: the level of contamination, environmental conditions and the dynamics of the food chain. The aim of the study is to provide a primary understanding of the risk of dioxins pollution in bottom sediments of the Port of Gdynia. The research was conducted to obtain data on the presence, concentration and risk assessment of PCDD/Fs in the bottom sediments of the Port of Gdynia. Sediments from five port basins were analyzed by GC-MS/MS and all PCDD/Fs congeners, capable of accumulating in fat cells of organisms, were detected in them. PCDD congeners dominated in the sediments. The highest concentration (902 ng/kg d.w.) was obtained for OCDD, dioxin with the lowest toxicity factor. The concentration of all 17 dioxin congeners (WHO-TEQ) ranged from 0.9 to 9.5 ngTEQ/kg d.w. Thus, bottom sediments from examined zones of port basins do not have a negative impact on the environment.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

Port of Gdynia; bottom sediments; dioxins; toxic equivalency factor; total toxic equivalent

• Wydawca: Gdynia Maritime University ; Polskie Towarzystwo Bezpieczeństwa i Niezawodności
• Czasopismo: Safety and Reliability of Systems and Processes
• Rocznik: 2023
• Tom: Summer Safety and Reliability Seminar 2023
• Strony: 59--68
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 36 poz., rys., tab.

Twórcy

autor

Dereszewska Alina

• Gdynia Maritime University, Gdynia, Poland

• https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0686-7177

autor

Krasowska Katarzyna

• Gdynia Maritime University, Gdynia, Poland

• https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8603-3334

autor

Popek Marzenna

• Gdynia Maritime University, Gdynia, Poland

• https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8006-6469

Bibliografia

• Bartnicki, J., Gusev, A., Aas, W., Valiyaveetil S. & Nyiri A. 2013. Atmospheric Supply of Nitrogen, Lead, Cadmium, Mercury and Dioxins/Furans to the Baltic Sea in 2013. EMEP Centres Joint Report for HELCOM, Oslo.
• Bignert, A., Danielsson, S., Ek, C., Faxneld, S. & Nyberg, E. 2017. Comments Concerning the National Swedish Contaminant Monitoring Programme in Marine Biota 2017 (2016 years data), Report 10:2017, Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm, Sweden.
• Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment. 2001. Canadian sediment quality guidelines for the protection of aquatic life: polychlorinated dioxins and furans (PCDD/Fs). Canadian Environmental Quality Guidelines.
• Commission Regulation (EU) No 277/2012 of 28 March 2012 amending Annexes I and II to Directive 2002/32/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council as regards maximum levels and action thresholds for dioxins and polychlorinated biphenyls (Text with EEA relevance), https://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:L:2012:091:0001:0007:EN:PDF (accessed 30 Apr 2023).
• Copat, Ch., Bell, F., Castaing, M., Fallico, R. & Sciacca, M. 2012. Heavy metals concentrations is fish form Sicily (Mediterranean Sea) and evaluation of possible health risks to consumers. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology 88, 78-83.
• Dereszewska, A., Krasowska, K. & Popek M. 2023. Microplastics in harbour seawaters: A case study in the Port of Gdynia, Baltic Sea. Sustainability 15(8), 6678.
• Dobrzycka-Krahel A. & Bogalecka M. 2022. The Baltic Sea under anthropopressure – the sea of paradoxes. Water 14(22), 3772.
• Eljarrat, E., De La Cal, A., Larrazabal, D., Fabrellas, B., Rodriguez Fernandez-Alba, A., Borrull, F., Marce, R. M. & Barcelo D. 2005. Occurrence of polybrominated diphenylethers, polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, dibenzofurans and biphenyls in coastal sediments from Spain, Environmental Pollution 136(3), 493-501.
• Eskenazi, B., Warner, M., Brambilla, P., Signorini, S., Ames, J. & Mocarelli P. 2018. The Seveso accident: a look at 40 years of health research and beyond. Environment International 121(1), 71-84.
• HELCOM, 2010. Hazardous substances in the Baltic Sea - An integrated thematic assessment of hazardous substances in the Baltic Sea. Baltic Sea Environment Proceedings 120b. https://www.helcom.fi/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/BSEP120B.pdf (accessed 30 Apr 2023).
• Kawamoto, K. & Weber, R. 2021. Dioxin sources to the aquatic environment: re-assessing dioxins in industrial processes and possible emissions to the aquatic. Emerging Contaminants 7, 52-62.
• Kowalewska, G., Konat-Stepowicz, J., Wawrzyniak-Wydrowska, B. & Szymczak-Zyła M. 2003. Transfer of organic contaminants to Baltic in Odra Estuary. Marine Pollution Bulletin 46(6), 703-718.
• Lei, R., Xu, Z., Xing, Y., Liu, W., Wu, X., Jia, T., Sun, S. & He, Y. 2021. Global status of dioxin emission and China’s role in reducing the emission. Journal of Hazardous Materials 418, 126265.
• Lewandowski, K., Witt, M., Kobusińska, M. & Niemirycz E. 2014. Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) and pentachlorophenol (PCP) in bottom sediments of the Port of Gdansk. Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies 43, 312-323.
• Manning, T. & Batley, G.E. 2023. A guideline value for dioxin‐like compounds in marine sediments. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 42(1), 257-271.
• Masunaga, S., Takasuga T. & Nakanishi J. 2001. Dioxin and dioxin-like PCB impurities in some Japanese agrochemical formulations. Chemosphere 44, 873–885.
• McLachlan, M. & Undeman, E. 2020. Dioxins and PCBs in the Baltic Sea. HELCOM Baltic Sea Environment Proceedings 171 https://helcom.fi/wpcontent/uploads/2020/06/Helcom_171_Dioxins_PCBs.pdf (accessed 26 May 2023).
• Müeller, J., Muller, R., Goudkamp, K., Shaw, M., Mortimer, M., Haynes, D., Paxman, C., Hyne, R., McTaggart, A., Burniston, D., Symons, R. & Moore, M. 2004. Dioxins in Aquatic Environments in Australia, National Dioxins Program Technical Report No. 6, Australian Government Department of the Environment and Heritage, Canberra.
• NewFields, Infometrix & Glass G.L. 2013. Port Angeles Harbor Sediment Dioxin Source Study. Final Report, Washington.
• Niemirycz, E. & Jankowska, D. 2011. Concentrations and profiles of PCDD/Fs in sediments of major Polish rivers and the Gdansk Basin - Baltic Sea. Chemosphere 85, 525-532.
• Nevalainen, L., Tuomisto, J., Haapasaari, P. & Lehikoinen, A. 2021. Spatial aspects of the dioxin risk formation in the Baltic Sea: a systematic review. Science of the Total Environment 753, 142185.
• Ogura, I., Masunaga, S. & Nakanishi, J. 2001. Congener - specific characterization of PCDDs/PCDFs in atmospheric deposition: comparison of profiles between deposition, source and environmental sink. Chemosphere 45, 173-183.
• Piskorska-Pliszczynska, J., Maszewski, S., Warenik-Bany, M., Mikolajczyk, S. & Goraj, L. 2012. Survey of persistent organochlorine contaminants (PCDD, PCDF, and PCB) in fish collected from the Polish Baltic fishing areas. Scientific World Journal 973292.
• Pitea, D., Lasagni, M., Bonati, L., Moro, G., Todeschini, R. & Chiesa, G. 1989. The combustion of municipal solid wastes and PCDD and PCDF emissions. Part 2. PCDD and PCDF in stack gases. Chemosphere 18(7-8), 1465-1474.
• Radtke, B., Wasik, A., Jewell, L., Pączek, U., Gałuszka, A. & Namieśnik, J. 2012. The seasonal changes of organotin compounds in water and sediments samples collected from the area of Port of Gdynia. Science of the Total Environment 441, 57-66.
• Rappe, C. 1994. Dioxin, Patterns and Source Identification. Fresenius’ Journal of Analytical Chemistry 348, 63-75.
• Rappe, C. 1993. Sources of exposure, environmental concentrations and exposure assessment of PCDDs and PCDFs. Chemosphere 27(1-3), 211-25.
• Safe, S., 1990. Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), dibenzofurans (PCDFs) and related compounds: environmental and mechanistic considerations which support the development of toxic equivalent factors (TEFs). Critical Revives in Toxicology 21, 51-80.
• Sapota G., Dembska G., Bogdaniuk M. & Holm G. 2012. Environmental policy and legislation on dredged material in the Baltic Sea region – analysis. Proceedings of 2012 IEEE/OES Baltic International Symposium (BALTIC). IEEE, Klaipeda, Lithuania, 1-15.
• Schatowitz, B., Brandt, G., Gafner, F., Schlumpf, E., Bühler, R., Hasler, P. & Nussbaumer, T. 1994. Dioxin emissions from wood combustion. Chemosphere 29(9-11), 2005-2013.
• Sundqvist, K.L., Tysklind, M., Cato, I., Bignert A. & Wiberg K. 2009. Levels and homologue profiles of PCDD/Fs in sediments along the Swedish coast of the Baltic Sea. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 16(4) 396-409.
• Van den Berg, M., Birnbaum, L., Denison, M., De Vito, M., Farland, W., Feeley, M., Fiedler, H., Hakansson, H., Hanberg, A., Haws, L., Rose, M., Safe, S., Schrenk, D., Tohyama, C., Tritscher, A., Tuomisto, J., Tysklind, M., Walker, N., & Peterson, R.E. 2006. Human and mammalian toxic equivalency factors for dioxins and dioxin-like compounds: the WHO 2005 re-evaluation. Toxicological Sciences 93(2), 223-241.
• Verta, M., Salo, S., Korhonen, M., Assmuth T., Kiviranta, H., Koistinen, J., Ruokojärvi, P., Isosaari, P., Bergqvist, P.-A., Tysklind, M., Cato, I., Vikelsøe, J. & Larsen, M-M. 2007. Dioxin concentrations in sediments of the Baltic Sea - a survey of existing data. Chemosphere 67(9), 1762-1775.
• Vikelsøe, J. & Johansen, E. 2000. Estimation of dioxin emission from fires in chemicals, Chemosphere 40(2), 165-175.
• Wang, B., Fiedler, H., Huang, J., Deng, S., Wang, Y. & Yu, G. 2016. A primary estimate of global PCDD/F release based on the quantity and quality of national economic and social activities, Chemosphere 151, 303-309.
• Zieliński, M., Kamińska, J., Czerska, M., Ligocka, D. & Urbaniak, M. 2014. Levels and sources of PCDDs, PCDFs and dl-PCBs in the water ecosystems of central Poland – A mini review. International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health 27(6), 902-918.

Uwagi

Opracowanie rekordu ze środków MEiN, umowa nr SONP/SP/546092/2022 w ramach programu "Społeczna odpowiedzialność nauki" - moduł: Popularyzacja nauki i promocja sportu (2022-2023).