Osobiste modele odczuć cieplnych. Eksperymentalna ocena wpływu masy ciała na odczuwanie komfortu

• Autorzy: Lipczyńska Aleksandra , Mishra Asit , Shiavon Stefano
• Języki publikacji: PL

Abstrakty

PL

Na całym świecie 39 proc. dorosłych ma nadwagę, 13 proc. jest otyłych, a 9 proc. ma niedowagę. Obecne normy dotyczące warunków cieplnych środowiska wewnętrznego opracowane zostały dla osób o normalnej wadze, mogą zatem ignorować prawie 60 proc. populacji. Może to mieć znaczący wpływ na komfort i produktywność użytkowników obiektów oraz zużycie energii przez budynki. Oprócz tego, wykorzystywane w normach modele odczuć cieplnych (model przewidujący średnią ocenę odczuć cieplnych (Predicted Mean Vote – PMV) oraz modele adaptacyjne) nie nadają się do przewidywania indywidualnych odczuć cieplnych, gdyż opracowane zostały dla średniej populacji i nie uwzględniają indywidualnych czynników. Ponadto, oba modele nie dostosowują się do zmieniających się warunków ani nie uwzględniają nowych czynników, np. zmiany preferencji użytkowników. W pierwszym etapie prac, wykonano badania w komorze klimatycznej mające na celu sprawdzenie czy i w jaki sposób wskaźnik masy ciała (Body Mass Index – BMI) jest powiązany z komfortem cieplnym, odczuciami i preferencjami oraz parametrami fizjologicznymi dla typowych warunków termicznych występujących w pomieszczeniu. W badaniach uczestniczyło 76 osób we wszystkich kategoriach wskaźnika BMI – od 17 do 37 kg/m2. Każdy uczestnik przeszedł te same cztery sesje w różnej, średniej temperaturze operacyjnej: 19,9°C, 22,4°C, 25,3°C i 28,2o°C. Uzyskaliśmy subiektywne informacje zwrotne od uczestników na temat ich wrażeń termicznych i preferencji, wrażeń i preferencji dotyczących wilgotności, oceny komfortu cieplnego i postrzegania jakości powietrza. Zmierzyliśmy również temperaturę skóry, ciśnienie krwi, tętno, poziom glukozy we krwi, wagę, wzrost, obwód talii i bioder oraz skład ciała. Ogólnie rzecz biorąc, nie stwierdzono istotnego wpływu BMI na odczucie termiczne. Jednak uczestnicy z nadwagą i otyłością preferowali niższą temperaturę w porównaniu z uczestnikami z prawidłową wagą i niedowagą, co może wskazywać na praktyczne zastosowanie w strategiach kontroli warunków cieplnych w budynkach.

Słowa kluczowe

PL

komfort cieplny; preferencje odczuć cieplnych; różnice w typie ciała; BMI; otyłość

EN

thermal comfort; thermal sensation preferences; differences in body type; BMI; obesity

• Wydawca: Wydawnictwo SIGMA-NOT
• Czasopismo: Chłodnictwo : organ Naczelnej Organizacji Technicznej
• Rocznik: 2022
• Tom: R. 57, nr 3
• Strony: 12--16
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 60 poz., rys., tab.

Twórcy

autor

Lipczyńska Aleksandra

• Katedra Ogrzewnictwa, Wentylacji i Techniki Odpylania, Wydział Inżynierii Środowiska i Energetyki, Politechnika Śląska, Gliwice

autor

Mishra Asit

• Berkeley Education Alliance for Research in Singapore

autor

Shiavon Stefano

• Center for the Built Environment, University of California Berkeley

Bibliografia

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