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Języki publikacji
Abstrakty
Conventionally, non-uniformly excited antenna arrays are synthesized by independently determining the excitation amplitude and phase of each single element. Such an approach is considered to be the most expensive and complex design method available. In this paper, the tilling technique is harnessed to synthesize non-uniformly excited antenna arrays. To apply this technique, the array elements are first divided into different subarray shapes, such as rectangles or squares known as tiles. The use of rectangular tile blocks instead of a single element architecture greatly simplifies the array design process and reduces array complexity. Next, the problem concerned with synthesizing sub-arrays comprising rectangular tile blocks is formulated and solved by using horizontal and vertical orientations of tiles having different shapes and sizes, and their larger integer expansions. The third approach to tiled design is a mixture of both previous tile architectures. A genetic algorithm is used to design such tiled arrays offering optimum sidelobe levels, beam width, directivity and taper efficiency. Simulation results demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed tiled arrays.
Rocznik
Tom
Strony
25--29
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 19 poz., rys., tab., wykr.
Twórcy
autor
- College of Electronic Engineering Ninevah University, Mosul, Iraq
Bibliografia
- [1] J.S. Herd and M.D. Conwey, “The Evolution to Modern Phased Array Architectures”, Proceedings of the IEEE, vol. 104, no. 3, pp. 519–529, 2016 (https://doi.org/10.1109/JPROC.2015.2494879).
- [2] R.J. Mailloux, Phased Array Antenna Handbook, 2nd ed., Norwood: Artech House, 2005 (ISBN: 9781580536899).
- [3] M.A. Abdelhay, N.O. Korany, and S.E. El-Khamy, “Synthesis of Uniformly Weighted Sparse Concentric Ring Arrays Based on Off-Grid Compressive Sensing Framework”, IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, vol. 20, no. 4, pp. 448– 452, 2021 (https: //doi.org/10.1109/LAWP.2021.3052174).
- [4] J.R. Mohammed, R. Hamdan, and. A.J. Abdulqader, “Linear and Planar Array Pattern Nulling via Compressed Sensing”, Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology, vol. 3, pp. 50 –55, 2021 (https://doi.org/10.26636/jtit.2021.152921).
- [5] J.R. Mohammed, “A Method for Thinning Useless Elements in the Planar Antenna Arrays”, Progress in Electromagnetics Research Letters, vol. 97, pp 105 –113 , 2021 (https://doi.org/ 10.2528/PIERL21022104).
- [6] M. Salucci, G. Gottardi, N. Anselmi, and G. Oliveri, “Planar Thinned Array Design by Hybrid Analytical-stochastic Optimization”, IET Microwaves, Antennas and Propagation, vol. 11, no. 13 , pp. 1841–1845 , 2017 (https://doi.org/ 10.1049/iet-map. 2017. 0349).
- [7] J.R. Mohammed, “Thinning a Subset of Selected Elements for Null Steering Using Binary Genetic Algorithm”, Progress in Electromagnetics Research M, vol. 67, pp. 147–157, 2018 (https://doi.org/10.2528/PIERM18021604).
- [8] W.P.M.N. Keizer, “Linear Array Thinning Using Iterative FFT Techniques”, IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 56, no. 8 , pp. 2757– 2760, 2008 (https://doi.org/ 10.1109/TAP.2008.927580).
- [9] R.L. Haupt, “Thinned arrays using genetic algorithms”, IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 42, no. 7, 993–999, 1994 (https://doi.org/10.1109/8.299602).
- [10] J.R. Mohammed, “Minimization of Grating Lobes in Large Arrays Using Clustered Amplitude Tapers”, Progress in Electromagnetics Research C, vol. 120, pp. 93– 103, 2022 (https://doi.org/ 10.2 528/PIERC22031706).
- [11] P. Rocca, G. Oliveri, R.J. Mailloux, and A. Massa, “Unconventional Phased Array Architectures and Design Methodologies – A Review”, Proceedings of the IEEE, vol. 104, no. 3, pp. 544 –560, 2016 (https: //doi.org/10.1109/JPROC.2015.2512389).
- [12] V. Pierro, V. Galdi, G. Castaldi, I.M. Pinto, and L.B. Felsen, “Radiation Properties of Planar Antenna Arrays Based on Certain Categories of Aperiodic Tilings”, IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 53 , no. 2, pp. 635– 644, 2005 (https://doi.org/ 10.1109/ TAP.2004.841287).
- [13] R.J. Mailloux, S.G. Santarelli, T.M. Roberts, and D. Luu, “Irregular Polyomino-shaped Subarrays for Space-based Active Arrays”, International Journal of Antennas and Propagation, vol. 2009, art. no. 956524, 2009 (https://doi.org/10.1155/2009/956524).
- [14] T. Yeong et al., “Shape and Weighting Optimization of a Subarray for a mm-Wave Phased Array Antenna”, Applied Sciences, vol. 11, no. 15, art. no. 6803, 2021 (https://doi.org/ 10.3390/app11156803).
- [15] J.R. Mohammed, “Synthesizing Sum and Difference Patterns with Low Complexity Feeding Network by Sharing Element Excitations”, International Journal of Antennas and Propagation, vol. 2017, art. no. 2563901 , pp. 1–7, 2017 (https://doi.org/ 10.1155/ 2017/ 2563901).
- [16] S. Desreux and E. Remila, “An Optimal Algorithm to Generate Tilings”, Journal of Discrete Algorithms, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 168–180 , 2006 (https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jda.2005.01.003).
- [17] A.J. Abdulqader, J.R. Mohammed, and Y.A. Ali, “A T-Shaped Polyomino Subarray Design Method for Controlling Sidelobe Level”, Progress in Electromagnetics Research C, vol. 126, pp. 243– 251, 2022 (https://doi.org/10.2528/PIERC22080803).
- [18] P. Rocca, N. Anselmi, A. Polo, and A. Massa, “An Irregular Two-sizes Square Tiling Method for the Design of Isophoric Phased Arrays”, International Journal of Antennas and Propagation, vol. 68, no. 6, pp. 4437–4449 , 2020 (https://doi.org/ 10.1109/TAP.2020. 2970088).
- [19] J.R. Mohammed, “Rectangular Grid Antennas with Various Boundary Square-Rings Array”, Progress in Electromagnetics Research Letters, vol. 96, pp. 27– 36, 2021 (https://doi.org/ 10.2528/PIERL20112402).
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-080f60f6-d4cf-4751-9771-cce093c2835c