Evaluation of Spatio-Temporal Changes in Water Quality in the Middle Section of the Shatt Al-Arab River, Southern Iraq

• Autorzy: Moyel Mohammad Salim , Akbar Manal Mohammad , Hussain Najah Abood

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.12911/22998993/161014

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

The Shatt al-Arab river is the main water source in the Basrah province, subjected to significant environmental and hydrological changes that have led to the complete degradation of its ecosystem, particularly the middle section. Nineteen water quality variables were selected to assess spatio-temporal changes in the middle section. Eight variables were chosen with the most significant impact on the Shatt al-Arab River water quality in calculating the water quality index (WQI). These variables were measured every month from December 2020 to November 2021 at five observation stations (Abu-Flous, Mhela, Baradeyea and Maqal) located on the main river and one on the Karmat Ali canal, which connects the Shatt al-Arab River with east Hammar marsh. The study was divided into two seasons of the year, the wet season (December 2020 – May 2021) and the dry season (July 2021 – November 2021), in the calculation of the WQI and its annual calculation. The results of the current study show deterioration in the values of most water quality variables, particularly those related to dissolved salts and organic and bacterial pollution. Water quality was also classified as poor on the WQI scale at all stations for the duration of the study. The results of the WQI indicated the deterioration in the quality of the water middle section, particularly during dry season. The degradation of the waters of the middle section of the Shatt al-Arab River is due to two main factors: increase salinity and organic pollution. In general, the Shatt al-Arab River and the middle section in particular, need comprehensive management, including a clear and expeditious plan to identify and address the degradation of the river’s environment, which has a great importance to all residents of the Basrah province.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

Shatt al-Arab river; middle section; spatio-temporal change; water quality index

• Wydawca: Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej ; Lublin University of Technology
• Czasopismo: Journal of Ecological Engineering
• Rocznik: 2023
• Tom: Vol. 24, nr 4
• Strony: 297--311
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 62 poz., rys., tab.

Twórcy

autor

Moyel Mohammad Salim

• Department of Ecology, College of Science, University of Basrah, Iraq

• https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1350-741X

autor

Akbar Manal Mohammad

• Department of Biology, College of Education for Pure Sciences, University of Basrah, Iraq

autor

Hussain Najah Abood

• Department of Ecology, College of Science, University of Basrah, Iraq

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Uwagi

Opracowanie rekordu ze środków MEiN, umowa nr SONP/SP/546092/2022 w ramach programu "Społeczna odpowiedzialność nauki" - moduł: Popularyzacja nauki i promocja sportu (2022-2023).