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Usuwanie związków azotu z odcieków składowiskowych w pilotowej oczyszczalni hydrofitowej

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Warianty tytułu
EN
Removal of Nitrogen Compounds from Landfill Leachate in Pilot Constructed Wetlands
Języki publikacji
PL
Abstrakty
EN
Landfill leachate contains very high concentrations of ammonia nitrogen and COD. At the same time, BOD5 concentrations are quite low, which makes leachate treatment one of the most difficult and up-to-date problems of environmental engineering. In the recent years constructed wetlands are applied for landfill leachate treatment, alone or as one of treatment stages. The experiences from USA, Canada and Europe (Norway, United Kingdom, Slovenia, Sweden) show good removal efficiencies of surface flow systems (SF). Horizontal subsurface flow systems (HSSF) are less effective. At present the application of vertical flow subsurface beds (VSSF) for landfill leachate treatment is investigated. The vertical flow beds advantage are good conditions for nitrification of ammonia nitrogen. In the article the processes of nitrogen transformation and removal from landfill leachate in a pilot multi-stage constructed wetland consisting of two vertical subsurface flow beds (VSSF-1 and VSSF-2) followed by a horizontal subsurface flow bed (HSSF) were analyzed. The set-up of a pilot system was designed to treat high concentrations of ammonia nitrogen present in the leachate and to provide conditions for the sequence of nitrogen transformation processes (ammonification – nitrification – denitrification). The results from three research periods were discussed. In each period the operational conditions were changed. Different hydraulic loadings, leachate composition (with or without addition of municipal wastewater) and different operation conditions of vertical flow beds were applied. The total nitrogen removal effectiveness varied from 65 to 98%. Nitrification of ammonia nitrogen took place in the vertical flow beds, however the process was incomplete due to too high ammonia nitrogen concentrations in the raw leachate. Denitrification of nitrates in the last bed with horizontal flow of leachate was the limiting process. Quite high concentrations of nitrates were still present in the outflow from the bed. The reason for denitrification inhibition was deficiency of labile organic matter in the leachate inflowing to the HSSF bed. The conclusions for further applications were to use a hydrophyte pond instead of HSSF bed as the last stage of treatment which would increase the amount of easily decomposable organic matter form plant detritus. Also stripping of ammonia nitrogen before the inflow to constructed wetland would increase treatment effectiveness.
Rocznik
Strony
1484--1497
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 24 poz., tab., rys.
Twórcy
  • Politechnika Gdańska
Bibliografia
  • 1. Bulc T.G.: Long term performance of a constructed wetland for landfill leachate treatment. Ecol. Eng. 26, 365–374 (2006).
  • 2. Christensen T.H., Kjeldsen P., Bjerg P.L., Jensen D.L., Christensen J.B., Baun A., Albrechtsen H.J., Heron G.: Biogeochemistry of landfill leachate plumes. Appl. Geochem. 16, 659–718 (2001).
  • 3. Faulwetter J.L., Gagnon V., Sundberg C., Chazarenc F., Burr M.D., Brisson J., Camper A.K., Stein O.R.: Microbial processes influencing performance of treatment wetlands: a review. Ecol. Eng. 35, 987–1004 (2009).
  • 4. Johansson Westholm L.: Leachate treatment with use of SBR-technology combined with a constructed wetland system at the Isätra landfill site, Sweden. W: Proc. of 9th International Waste Management and Landfill Symposium, S. Margherita di Pula, Cagliari, Italy. 75–81 (2003).
  • 5. Kadlec R.H., Wallace S.D.: Treatment Wetlands. Second Edition. CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group. Boca Raton, London, New York 2008.
  • 6. Kadlec R.H., Zmarthie L.A.: Wetland treatment of leachate from a closed landfill. Ecol. Eng. 36, 946–957 (2010).
  • 7. Kinsley C.B., Crolla A.M., Kuyucak N., Zimmer M., Lafléche A.: Nitrogen dynamics in a constructed wetland system treating landfill leachate. W: Proc. of 10th International Conference on Wetland Systems for Water Pollution Control, Lisbon, Portugal. 295–305 (2006).
  • 8. Kowalik P., Obarska-Pempkowiak H., Wojciechowska E.: Innowacyjne rozwiązanie problemu wód odciekowych z wysypisk odpadów komunalnych. Politechnika Gdańska, Wydział Inżynierii Lądowej i Środowiska, Gdańsk 2007.
  • 9. Lavrova S., Koumanova B.: Influence of recirculation in a lab-scale vertical-flow constructed wetland on the treatment efficiency of landfill leachate. Biores. Tech. 101, 1756–1761 (2010).
  • 10. Maehlum T.: Treatment of landfill leachate in on-site lagoons and constructed wetlands. Wat. Sci. Tech. 32, 129–135 (1995).
  • 11. Martin C.D., Johnson K.D., Moshiri G.A.: Performance of constructed wetland leachate treatment system at the Chunchula landfill, Mobile County, Alabama. Wat. Sci. Tech. 40, 67–74 (1999).
  • 12. Nivala J., Hoos M.B., Cross C., Wallace S., Parkin G.: Treatment of landfill leachate using an aerated, horizontal subsurface-flow constructed wetland. Sci. Tot. Env. 380, 19–27 (2007).
  • 13. Obarska-Pempkowiak H, Gajewska M., Wojciechowska E.: Hydrofitowe oczyszczanie wód i ścieków. Wyd Naukowe PWN, Warszawa 2010.
  • 14. Obarska-Pempkowiak H., Gajewska M., Wojciechowska E.: Application of vertical flow CW for highly contaminated wastewater treatment. W: Billore S., Dass P. & Vymazal J. (Eds.). Proc. of 11th International Conference on Wetland Systems Technology in Water Pollution Control. Indore- Ujjain, India. Institute of Environment Management and Plant Sciences (IEMPS) Vikram University and International Water Association. 2, 918– 924 (2008).
  • 15. Obarska-Pempkowiak H., Gajewska M., Wojciechowska E.: Efficiency of wastewater treatment in single-family constructed wetlands in Kaszuby Lake District. Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska (Annual Set the Environment Protection). 15, 81–95 (2013).
  • 16. Rash J.K., Liehr S.K.: Flow pattern analysis of constructed wetlands treating landfill leachate. Wat. Sci. Tech. 40, 309–315 (1999).
  • 17. Reed S.C., Crites R.W., Middlebrooks E.J.: Natural Systems for waste management and treatment. Second edition. McGraw-Hill, Inc, New York. 198–199 (1995).
  • 18. Robinson H., Harris G., Carville, Carr M., Last. S.: The use of a engineered reed bed system to treat leachates at Monument Hill landfill site, southern England. W: Mulamoottil, G., Mc Bean, E.A. & Rovers, F. (Eds.). Constructed Wetlands for the Treatment of Landfill Leachates. Lewis Publishers, Boca Raton, Florida, USA. 71–98 (1999).
  • 19. Rustige H., Nolde E.: Nitrogen elimination from landfill leachates using an extra carbon source in subsurface flow constructed wetlands. W: Proc.of 10th International Conference on Wetland Systems for Water Pollution Control, Lisbon, Portugal. 229–239 (2006).
  • 20. Surmacz-Górska J.: Degradacja związków organicznych zawartych w odciekach z wysypisk. Monografie nr 5. Polska Akademia Nauk. Komitet Inżynierii Środowiska, Lublin 2001.
  • 21. Wojciechowska E., Gajewska M., Obarska-Pempkowiak H.: Treatment of landfill leachate by constructed wetlands: three case studies. Polish J. of Environ. Stud. 19, 643–650 (2010).
  • 22. Wojciechowska E.: Procesy i efektywność usuwania zanieczyszczeń z odcieków ze składowisk odpadów komunalnych w oczyszczalniach hydrofitowych. Monografie Komitetu Inżynierii Środowiska PAN nr 106, Gdańsk 2013.
  • 23. Wojciechowska E.: Analiza podatności na rozkład biologiczny odcieków składowiskowych oczyszczanych w wielostopniowym systemie hydrofitowym. Inżynieria i Ochrona Środowiska 2014, w druku.
  • 24. Yalcuk A., Ugurlu A.: Comparison of horizontal and vertical constructed wetland systems for landfill leachate treatment. Biores. Tech. 100, 2521–2526 (2009).
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-07905859-9f06-4813-938d-7fc92ee810bd
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