Energy communities –status of implementation of EU directives in Poland

• Autorzy: Spirydowicz Agnieszka

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.32056/KOMAG2025.9

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Energy communities play a key role in the energy transformation of the European Union, being a tool for implementing the assumptions of the RED II (2018/2001)1and market directives (2019/944)2. The RED II directive promotes renewable energy sources (RES) with the goal of achieving a 32% share of renewable energy in the EU by 2030, supporting, among others, prosumers and energy communities (RECs). In turn, the market directive defines the framework for the functioning of the electricity market, emphasizing consumer rights, flexibility of the electricity system and the development of citizen energy communities (CEC). In Poland, the implementation of EU regulations has had varying degrees of success. Legal amendments, such as the RES Act (2016)3or the Act on Farmers' Cooperatives (2018), have created the foundations for local energy initiatives, including: energy clusters and energy cooperatives. Citizen energy communities were introduced in 20244. Key challenges include the lack of simplified administrative procedures, a limited financial and technical supportingsystem, and complex settlement mechanisms. Legal restrictions, e.g. in the scope of local government activities or failure to use the potential of virtual prosumers, hamper development of energy communities.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

energy communities; citizen energy; implementation of directives; renewable energy; energy transformation

PL

społeczności energetyczne; energia obywatelska; wdrażanie dyrektyw; energia odnawialna; transformacja energetyczna

• Wydawca: Instytut Techniki Górniczej KOMAG
• Czasopismo: Mining Machines
• Rocznik: 2025
• Tom: vol. 43
• Strony: 92--104
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 12 poz.

Twórcy

autor

Spirydowicz Agnieszka

• St. Lwowska 27/13, 53-515 Wrocław,Poland

• https://orcid.org/0009-0002-9806-7301

Bibliografia

• [1] Kupiec B.:Energy sharing w świetle prawa Unii Europejskiej i sprawiedliwości energetycznej; https://press.wz.uw.edu.pl/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2031&context=ikar
• [2] EEA; Energy prosumers in Europe —Citizen participation in the energy transition EEA Report 1/2022.The European Environment Agency (EEA).
• [3] Act of10 April1997 –Energy Law with amendments.
• [4] Act of 20 February2015 on renewable energy sourceswith amendments.
• [5] Directive (EU) 2018/2001 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 11 December 2018 on the promotion of the use of energy from renewable sources (recast).
• [6] Directive (EU) 2019/944 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 5 June2019 on common rules for the internal market for electricitychanging the Directive2012/27/UE.
• [7] Stupkiewicz A.: Energetyka obywatelska coraz bardziej skomplikowana, 22 sierpnia 2024.https://frankbold.pl/energetyka-obywatelska-coraz-bardziej-skomplikowana/
• [8] Stupkiewicz A., Włoskowicz M., Gąsowska–Paprota M.:Prawne aspekty tworzenia społeczności energetycznych, lipiec 2023.
• [9] Berggren S.E., Witt T., Van der Linden E., Saes L., Edander Arvefjord L., Heckenberg D., Iglauer T., Sutinen L., Hanning E.and Melin G.:Energy Communities, Nordic Energy Research 2023.
• [10] Rescoop.euhttps://www.rescoop.eu/policy/transposition-tracker/rec-cec-definitions/poland-rec-cec-definitions
• [11] Act of 6 marca 2018 r. -Prawo przedsiębiorców wraz ze zmianami.
• [12] Act of 8 marca 1990 r. o samorządzie gminnym wraz ze zmianami.

Uwagi

Opracowanie rekordu ze środków MNiSW, umowa nr POPUL/SP/0154/2024/02 w ramach programu "Społeczna odpowiedzialność nauki II" - moduł: Popularyzacja nauki i promocja sportu (2025).