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Comparison studies have been performed on determination of total mercury in wet deposition by two analytical methods. The studies were carried out in the period of March to November 2009 at the sampling point located near intensive traffic in Southern Poland (Zabrze). The difference between these two methods consisted in preparation of samples for analysis and in the type of measuring device. In both cases, the method of cold vapour atomic absorption spectrometry (CV-AAS) after reduction of SnCl2 was used by means of a mercury analyzer model MA-2 produced by Nippon Instruments Corp. or of a mercury analyzer RA-915+ produced by LUMEX. Good agreement of the results have been obtained (relative error of the determination between the methods varied from 18% to 40%). Both analytical methods can be considered equivalent and used as a reference to each other. Quantity assessment of mercury wet deposition in southern Poland is lower than in 90 s, but still much higher in comparison with other countries in Europe and worldwide (ca. 30 μg·m -2·year -1.
Słowa kluczowe
Czasopismo
Rocznik
Tom
Strony
75--85
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 22 poz., tab., rys.
Twórcy
autor
- Institute for Ecology of Industrial Areas, ul. Kossutha 6, 40-844 Katowice, Poland
autor
- Institute of Non Ferrous Metals, ul. Sowińskiego 5, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
autor
- Institute of Non Ferrous Metals, ul. Sowińskiego 5, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, The Silesian University of Technology, ul. Strzody 7, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
autor
- Institute for Ecology of Industrial Areas, ul. Kossutha 6, 40-844 Katowice, Poland
Bibliografia
- [1] SEILER H., SIGEL H., Handbook on metals in clinic and analytical chemistry, Marcel Dekker, New York, 1994.
- [2] KABATA-PENDIAS A.,PENDIAS H.,Biogeochemistry of the trace elements, WNT, Warszawa, 1999.
- [3] MAREK J., Heavy metals in the bottom sediments of rivers belonging to the Barycz catchment area, Ochr. Środ., 2 (39), 1989, 31 (in Polish).
- [4] PACYNA J.,PACYNA M.,FUDALA J.,STRZELECKA-JASTRZĄB E.,HLAWICZKA S.,PANASIUK D.,Mercury emissions to the atmosphere from anthropogenic sources in Europe in 2000 and their scenarios until 2020, Sci. Total Environ., 2006, 370, 147.
- [5] HŁAWICZKA S.,Mercury in the atmospheric environment, Works and Studies, Zabrze, 2008.
- [6] HŁAWICZKA S., IETU Report, Katowice, 2009.
- [7] SOMMAR J., GARDFELDT K., STROMBERG D., FENG X., A kinetic study of the gas-phase reaction between the hydroxyl radical and atomic mercury, Atmos Environ., 2001, 35, 3049.
- [8] PLEIJEL K., MUNTHE J., Modeling the Atmospheric Mercury Cycle. Chemistry in Fog Droplets, Atmos. Environ., 1995, 29, 1441.
- [9] PYTA H., ROSIK-DULEWSKA C., CZAPLICKA M., Speciation of ambient mercury in the Upper Silesia Region, Poland, Water, Air and Solid Pollut., 197, 2009, 233.
- [10] LINDBERG S.,TURNER R., MEYERS T., SCHROEDER W.,Atmospheric concentrations and deposition of Hg to a deciduous forest at walker branch watershed, Tennessee, USA, Water Air Soil Pollut., 1991, 56, 577.
- [11] FITZGERALD W., MASON R., VANDAL G., Atmospheric cycling and air–water exchange of mercury over mid-continental lacustrine regions, Water Air Soil Pollution, 1991, 56, 745.
- [12] WANGBERG I.,MUNTHE J., IVL Report, Göteborg, 2001.
- [13] SAKATA M., MARUMOTO K., Wet and dry deposition fluxes of mercury in Japan, Atmos. Environ., 2005, 39, 3139.
- [14] GRATZ L., KEELER G., MILLER E., Long-term relationships between mercury wet deposition and meteorology, Atmos. Environ., 2009, 43, 6218.
- [15] VANARSDALE A.,WEISS J., KEELER G., MILLER E.,BOULET G.,BRULTTE R., POISSANT L., Patterns of mercury deposition and concentration in northeastern North America, Ecotoxicology, 2005, 14, 37.
- [16] ZIELONKA U., Heavy metals in environment – works of Institute for Ecology of industrial areas, Economy and Environment, Białystok, 2008.
- [17] ZIELONKA U., HŁAWICZKA S., FUDAŁA J., WANGBERG I., MUNTHE J., Seasonal mercury concentrations measured in rural air in Southern Poland. Contribution from local and regional coal combustion, Atmos. Environ., 2005, 39, 7580.
- [18] BOSZKE L., Trends of research and analytical possibilities in atomic fluorescence spectrometry technique for determination of mercury in environmental samples, Wiad. Chem., 2009, 63, 7 (in Polish).
- [19] BOSZKE L., KOWALSKI A., Spatial distribution of mercury in bottom sediments and soils from Poznań, Poland, Polish J. Environ. Stud., 2006, 15, 211.
- [20] NOWAK B., ZIELONKA U., Proceedings of 15th International Conference on Heavy Metals in the Environment, 2010, 238–241.
- [21] NOWAK B., CZAPLICKA M., Methods for determination of total gaseous mercury (TGM) in ambient air, Ochrona Powietrza i Problemy Odpadów, 2011, 2, 37 (in Polish).
- [22] GUO Y., FENG X., LI Z., HE T., YAN H., MENG B., ZHANG J., QIU G., Distribution and wet deposition fluxes of total and methyl mercury in Wujiang River Basin, Guizhou, China, Atmos Environ., 2008, 42, 7096.
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-05afe947-16a9-41cb-84f9-2ea33ee2da94