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Assessment of PAH content in soil and aboveground parts of Lolium perenne L. next to the communication arteries of the urban agglomeration

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Języki publikacji
EN
Abstrakty
EN
The research on the content of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in soil and grass (Lolium perenne L.) was carried out on samples collected in the city of Białystok, in north-eastern Poland. The test samples came from green belts in the vicinity of communication routes, differentiated in terms of the surrounding buildings and infrastructure and characterized by a different car traffic intensity. The highest total concentration of all sixteen PAHs in soil and grass samples was found near a large intersection at Nicholas Copernicus Street, one of the most important communication routes connecting two parts of the city. In the aboveground parts of the studied grass samples, benzo[a]pyrene was the most abundant, its content ranging from 53.8 μg/kg DM up to 91.7 μg/kg DM. On the other hand, in soil samples, much higher benzo[a]pyrene content was found, and the dominance of this compound was observed in almost every measurement location. Based on the obtained results, it was found that car traffic is a significant source of PAH emissions to the urban soil environment and urban greenery. The squares and green belts located along communication routes and intersections are the most exposed to pollution.
Słowa kluczowe
Czasopismo
Rocznik
Strony
5--13
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 49 poz., rys., tab.
Twórcy
  • Faculty Chemical Laboratory, Bialystok University of Technology, 45E Wiejska Str., 15-351 Białystok, Poland
  • Department of Agricultural and Food Engineering and Environmental Management, Bialystok University of Technology, 45E Wiejska Str., 15-351 Białystok, Poland
  • Department of Agricultural and Food Engineering and Environmental Management, Bialystok University of Technology, 45E Wiejska Str., 15-351 Białystok, Poland
  • Faculty of Civil Engineering and Environmental Sciences, Bialystok University of Technology, 45E Wiejska Str., 15-351 Białystok, Poland
  • Department of Agricultural and Food Engineering and Environmental Management, Bialystok University of Technology, 45E Wiejska Str., 15-351 Białystok, Poland
Bibliografia
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  • Baumard, P., Budzinski, H., Garrigues, P., 1997. Analytical procedure for the analysis of PAHs in biological tissues by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry: application to mussels. Fresenius. Journal of Analytical Chemistry 359, 502–509.
  • Belykh, L.I., 2009. Distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the soil-plant system. Eurasian Soil Science 42, 1005–1011.
  • Bielińska, E.J., Kawecka-Radomska, M., Kłos, A., 2011. Impact of urban factors on the content of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbonsin soils of park gardens. Roczniki gleboznawcze LXII, 2 Warszawa, 16–22 (in Polish with English summary).
  • Bojanowska, M., 2011. Motor vehicle pollution in the environment. Autobusy, Technika, Ekploatacja, Systemy transportowe 10, 77–83 (in Polish with English summary).
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  • Cheung, K. C., Leung, H. M., Kong, K. Y., Wong, M. H., 2007. Residual levels of DDTs and PAHs in freshwater and marine fish from Hong Kongmarkets and their health risk assessment. Chemosphere 66, 3, 460–468.
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  • Duan, J., Bi, X., Tan, J., Sheng, G., Fu, J., 2007. Seasonal variation on size distribution and concentration of PAHs in Guangzhou city, China. Chemosphere 67, 614–622.
  • Dutkiewicz, T., 1988. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the natural environment (Wielopierścieniowe węglowodory aromatyczne w środowisku przyrodniczym). PWN, Warszawa (in Polish).
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  • Guo, J.Y., Wu, F.C.,. Liao, H.Q., Zhao, X., Li, W., Wang, J., Wang, L., Giesy, J.P., 2013. Sedimentary record of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and DDTs in Dianchi Lake, an urban lake in Southwest China. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 20 (8), 5471–5480.
  • Kanzari, F., Syakti, A.D., Asia, L., Malleret, L., Piram, A., Mille, G., Doumenq, P., 2014. Distributions and sources of persistent organic pollutants (aliphatic hydrocarbons, PAHs, PCBs and pesticides) in surface sediments of an industrialized urban river (Huveaune), France. Science of the Total Environment 478, 141–151.
  • Kim, E.J., Oh, J.E., Chang, Y.S., 2003. Effects of forest fire on the level and distribution of PCDD/Fs and PAHs in soil. Science of the Total Environment 311, 177–189.
  • Kondras, M., Czępińska-Kamińska, D., 2007. Assessment of the degree of contamination of the soils of the Warsaw agglomeration by heavy metals and PAHs on the basis of various legal standards (Ocena stopnia zanieczyszczenia gleb aglomeracji warszawskiej przez metale ciężkie i WWA na podstawie różnych norm prawnych). Zeszyty Problemowe Postępów Nauk Rolniczych 520 (in Polish).
  • Kozielska, B., 2017. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in soils in the vicinity of traffic routes, Archiwum Gospodarki Odpadami i Ochrony Środowiska ISSN 1733-4381, 19 (1), 1–10 (in Polish with English summary).
  • Kozielska, B., Rogula-Kozłowska, W., Pastuszka, J.D., 2009. Effect of road traffic on concentration of PM2.5, PM10 and PAHs in zones of high and low municipal emission. In: Ozonka, J., Pawłowska, M. (Eds), Polska inżynieria środowiska pięć lat po wstąpieniu do Unii Europejskiej, Monografia 58, Lublin (in Polish with English summary).
  • Li, Z., Wang, Y., Li, Z. Guo, S., Hu, Y., 2020. Levels and Sources of PM2.5-associated PAHs during and after the Wheat Harvest in a Central Rural Area of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (BTH) Region. Aerosol and Air Quality Research 20, 1070–1082.
  • Liang, J., Fang, H., Zhang, T., Wang X., 2017. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the leaves of twelve plant species along an urbanization gradient in Shanghai, China. Environmental Science and Pollution Research 24, 9361–9369.
  • Liu, S., Liu, X.R., Liu, M., Yang, B., Cheng, L., Li, Y., 2016. Levels, sources and risk assessment of PAHs in multi-phases from urbanized river network system in Shanghai. Environmental Pollution 219, 555–567.
  • Luo, X., Mai, B., Yang, Q., Sheng, J., Fu, G., Wang, Z., 2004. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and organochlorine pesticides in water columns from the Pearl River and the Macao harbor in the Pearl River Delta in South China. Marine Pollution Bulletin 48 (11–12), 1102–1115.
  • Maliszewska-Kordybach, B., Gałązka, R., Klimkowicz-Pawlas, A., Smreczak, B., Łysiak, M., 2012. Soils in Puławy urban area – are they contaminated? Polish Journal of Agronomy 9, 7–16 (in Polish with English summary).
  • Merkisz, J., Kozak, M., 2002. Benzene emission from car engines working in urban areas. Journal of KONES Internal Combustion Engines 3–4 (in Polish with English summary).
  • Nadal, M., Schuhmacher, M., Domingo, J.L., 2004. Levels of PAHs in soil and vegetation samples from Tarragona County, Spain. Environmental Pollution 132, 1–11.
  • PN-ISO 18287: 2008 Soil quality – determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) – gas chromatographic method with mass spectrometric detection (GC-MS) Polish Committee for Standardization. (in Polish). International Equivalents – ISO 18287: 2006.
  • Pope III, C.A., Dockery, W.D., 2006. Health effects of fine particulate air pollution: lines that connect. Journal of the air & waste management association 56 (6), 709–742.
  • Potarzycki, J., Apolinarska, K., 2000. The impact of the motorway on adjacent areas (Wpływ autostrady na tereny przyległe). Materiały z VII Międzynarodowego Sympozjum Szkoleniowego Wpływ zanieczyszczeń naftowych i chemicznych na środowisko, Piła (in Polish)
  • Prabhukumar, G,. Pagilla, K., 2010. Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Urban Runoff Sources, Sinksand Treatment: A Review. Chicago, IL: Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering.
  • Saha, M., Togo, A., Mizukawa, K., Murakami, M., Takada, H., Zakaria, M.P., Chiem, N.H., Tuyen, B.C., Prudente, M., Boonyatumanond, R., Sarkar, S.K., Bhattacharya, B., Mishra, P., Tana, T.S., 2009. Sources of sedimentary PAHs in tropical Asian waters: differentiation between pyrogenic and petrogenic sources by alkyl homolog abundance. Marine Pollution Bulletin 58 (2), 189–200.
  • Sæbø, A., Popek, R., Nawrot, B., Hanslin, H.M., Gawronska, H., Gawronski, S.W., 2012. Plant species differences in particulate matter accumulation on leaf surfaces. The Science of the total environment 427–428, 347–354.
  • Terzaghi, E., Wild, E., Zacchello, G., Cerabolini, B.E.L., Jones, K.C., Di Guardo, A., 2013. Forest filter effect: role of leaves in capturing/ releasing air particulate matter and its associated PAHs. Atmospheric Environment 74, 378–384.
  • Wang, X.T., Miao, Y., Zhang, Y., Li, Y.C., Wu, M.H., Yu, G., 2013. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in urban soils of the megacity Shanghai: occurrence, source apportionment and potential human health risk. The Science of the total environment 447, 80–89.
  • Wang, P., Zhang, Y., Wu, T., 2010. Novel method for in situ visualization of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in mangrove plants. Toxicological and Environmental Chemistry 92, 1825–1829.
  • Wilcke, W., 2000. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in soil: A review. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science 163, 229–248.
  • Włóka, D., Smol, M., 2014. Assessment of PAHs Pollution in Soil Fertilized with Sewage Sludge. Inżynieria i Ochrona Środowiska 17 (4), 707–720 (in Polish with English summary).
  • Wydro, U., Wołejko, E., Łoboda, T., Kowczyk-Sadowy, M., 2015. Changes the Concentration of Selected Pahs in Urban Soils Fertilized With Municipal Sewage Sludge. Journal of Ecological Engineering 16 (5), 62–67.
  • Xue, W.L., Warshawsky, D., 2004. Metabolic activation of polycyclic and heterocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and DNA damage: A review. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology 206, 73–93.
  • Yang, C.Y., Chiu, H.F., Tsai, S.S., Chang, C.C., Chuang, H.Y., 2002. Increased risk of preterm delivery in areas with cancer mortality problems from petrochemical complexes. Environmental Research 89, 195–200.
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  • Zhang, J., Fan, S.K., 2016. Influence of PAH speciation in soils on vegetative uptake of PAHs using successive extraction. Journal of Hazardous Materials 320, 114–122.
  • Zhao, S.M., Wang, B., Wang, D.W., Li, X.M., Huang, B., Hu, P., Zhang, L.W., Pan, X.J., 2014. Environmental behavior of PAHs in Dianchi Lake distributions, sources and risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in surface sediments from Dianchi Lake, China. International Journal of Environmental Research 8 (2), 317–328.
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-0549a438-3d1c-4d8a-a94b-40092ad72b17
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