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A critical review on soil ionisation modelling for grounding electrodes

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Warianty tytułu
Języki publikacji
EN
Abstrakty
EN
Grounding electrode resistance non-linearly changes under impulse conditions due to soil ionisation phenomenon. Several models have been proposed to model soil ionisation for grounding electrodes applications. However, to date, there is yet an attempt made to compile all these works into a comprehensive review article. Therefore, this paper is written with the objective of summarizing all related works in this field as a one– stop reference. With reference to the literature, this paper is written to summarize the working principles of the soil ionisation models as well as the accuracy and performance analysis of the models. This paper, particularly highlights the deficiencies of the available models in terms of accuracy and performance. This knowledge will contribute to the development of a new accurate and efficient soil ionisation model.
Rocznik
Strony
449--461
Opis fizyczny
Bibliogr. 21 poz., fig., tab., wz.
Twórcy
autor
  • Amirkabir University of Technology Electrical Engineering Department No. 424, Hafez Avenue, Tehran, Iran
  • Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Institute of High Voltage and High Current (IVAT) 81310, Johor Bahru, Malaysia
  • Amirkabir University of Technology Electrical Engineering Department No. 424, Hafez Avenue, Tehran, Iran
Bibliografia
  • [1] Mokhtari M., Abdul-Malek Z., Salam Z., The effect of soil ionization on transient grounding electrode resistance in non-homogeneous soil conditions, International Transactions on Electrical Energy Systems 26: 1462-1475 (2016).
  • [2] Mokhtari M., Abdul-Malek Z., Progress Earthing Studies for Modern Life Style, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (2015).
  • [3] Bellaschi P. L., Armington R. E., Snowden A. E., Impulse and 60-cycle characteristics of driven grounds-II, Transactions of the American Institute of Electrical Engineers 61(6): 349-363 (1942).
  • [4] CIGRE Working Group 33-01 (Lightning) of Study Committee 33, Overvoltages and insulation coordination, Guide to procedures for estimating the lightning performance of transmission lines, Paris October (1991).
  • [5] Mousa A. M., The soil ionization gradient associated with discharge of high currents into concentrated electrodes, IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery 9(3): 1669-1677 (1994).
  • [6] Schon J. H., Physical Properties of Rocks: Fundamentals and Principles of Petrophysics, Elsevier (1998).
  • [7] Snowden D. P., Erler J. W., Initiation of electrical breakdown of soil by water vaporization, IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science 30(6): 4568-4571 (1983).
  • [8] Van Lint V. A. J., Erler J. W., Electric breakdown of earth in coaxial geometry, IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science 29(6): 1891-1896 (1982).
  • [9] Leadon R. E., Flanagan T. M., Mallon C. E., Denson R., Effect of ambient gas on arc initiation characteristics in soil, IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science 30(6): 4572-6 (1983).
  • [10] Flanagan T. M., Mallon C. E., Denson R., Smith I., Electrical breakdown characteristics of soil, IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science 29(6): 1887-1890 (1982).
  • [11] Flanagan T. M., Mallon C. E., Denson R., Leadon R. E., Electrical breakdown properties of soil, IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science 28(6): 4432-4439 (1981).
  • [12] Nor N. M., Haddad A., Griffiths H., Characterization of ionization phenomena in soils under fast impulses, IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery 21(1): 353-361 (2006).
  • [13] Liew A. C., Darveniza M., Dynamic model of impulse characteristics of concentrated earths, Proceedings of the Institution of Electrical Engineers 121(2): 123-135 (1974).
  • [14] Manna T. K., Chowdhuri P., Generalised equation of soil critical electric field EC based on impulse tests and measured soil electrical parameters, IET Generation Transmission Distribution 1(5): 811-817 (2007).
  • [15] Kosztaluk R., Loboda M., Mukhedkar D., Experimental study of transient ground impedances, IEEE Power Engineering Review 1(11): 44-51 (1981).
  • [16] Handbook for improving overhead transmission line lightning performance, Electrical Power Research Institution (EPRI) (2004).
  • [17] Mokhtari M., Abdul-Malek Z., The effect of grounding electrode parameters on soil ionization and transient grounding resistance using electromagnetic field approach, Applied Mechanics and Materials 554: 628-32 (2014).
  • [18] Dwight H. B., Calculation of resistances to ground, Electrical Engineering 55(12): 1319-1328 (1936).
  • [19] Wang J., Liew A. C., Darveniza M., Extension of dynamic model of impulse behavior of concentrated grounds at high currents, IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery 20(3): 2160-2165 (2005).
  • [20] Sekioka S., Lorentzou M. I., Philippakou M. P., Prousalidis J. M., Current-dependent grounding resistance model based on energy balance of soil ionization, IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery 21(1): 194-201 (2006).
  • [21] Mokhtari M., Abdul-Malek Z., Salam Z., An improved circuit-based model of a grounding electrode by considering the current rate of rise and soil ionization factors, IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery 30(1): 211-219 (2015).
Uwagi
PL
Opracowanie ze środków MNiSW w ramach umowy 812/P-DUN/2016 na działalność upowszechniającą naukę.
Typ dokumentu
Bibliografia
Identyfikator YADDA
bwmeta1.element.baztech-044fa6fd-baa4-4702-805a-14dd06dce9d9
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