Związki tributylocyny(IV)

• Autorzy: Starek A

Warianty tytułu

EN

Tributyltin compounds(IV)

• Języki publikacji: PL

Abstrakty

PL

Związki tributylocyny(IV), (TBT) są cieczami wrzącymi w temperaturach od około 130 do około 350 oC. Są to związki wielkotonażowe, stosowane m.in. jako: biocydy, środki dezynfekujące, konserwanty drewna, dodatki do tekstyliów bawełnianych, farb i papieru. U ludzi ostre zatrucie trifenylocyną(IV) lub tlenkiem tributylocyny(IV) drogą oddechową manifestowało się: zmianami w wątrobie, hipoglikemią i cukromoczem oraz zaburzeniami układu oddechowego, podobnymi do dychawicy oskrzelowej. Nie opisano przewlekłych zatruć tymi związkami u ludzi. Wartości medialnych dawek śmiertelnych klasyfikują związki tributylocyny(IV) do substancji toksycz-nych. Zarówno w warunkach narażenia jednorazowego, jak i powtarzanego, głównie drogą pokarmo-wą, związki tributylocyny(IV) wywierają działanie: hepatotoksyczne, nefrotoksyczne, neurotoksyczne, immunotoksyczne, hematotoksyczne oraz drażniące na skórę, błony śluzowe i oko po podaniu miej-scowym lub pozajelitowym. Nie wykazano mutagennego, genotoksycznego i rakotwórczego działania tych związków, natomiast stwierdzono gonadotoksyczne, embriotoksyczne i fetotoksyczne ich działanie oraz szkodliwy wpływ na pourodzeniowy rozwój potomstwa. Za podstawę wartości najwyższego dopuszczalnego stężenia (NDS) związków tributylocyny(IV) przy-jęto zmiany zapalne w drogach oddechowych oraz zmniejszenie liczby limfocytów w: grasicy, śledzio-nie i węzłach chłonnych u szczurów narażonych na tlenek tributylocyny o stężeniu 2,8 mg/m3 przez okres 4 ÷ 5 tygodni. Na podstawie otrzymanej wartości NOAEL wynoszącej 0,16 mg/m3 oraz współczynników niepewności o łącznej wartości 8 obliczono wartość NDS związków tributylocyny(IV) wy-noszącą 0,02 mg/m3. Zaproponowano oznakowanie związków tributylocyny(IV) literami: „Ft” – sub-stancja działająca toksycznie na płód oraz „Sk” – substancja wchłania się przez skórę. Nie ma meryto-rycznych podstaw do ustalenia wartości dopuszczalnego stężenia w materiale biologicznym (DSB), a także wartości najwyższego dopuszczalnego stężenia chwilowego (NDSCh) związków tributylocyny(IV), ponieważ ich działanie drażniące występuje wówczas, gdy stężenia są większe od wartości NDS.

EN

Tributyltin compounds(IV), (TBT) are high boiling liquids used mainly as agricultural biocides, disinfectants, wood preservatives, stabilizers and antifouling agents, and also as supplements for textile materials, paints and paper. In humans acute poisoning by these chemicals through the respiratory tract are manifested in hepatic injury, hypoglycemia, glucosuria and respiratory system disorders similar to bronchial asthma. Chronic intoxication with TBT in humans has not been described. TBT are classified as toxic substances. Both single and repeated exposure to these chemicals, main-ly through the gastrointestinal tract, lead to hepatotoxic, nephrotoxic, neurotoxic, immunotoxic, and hematotoxic effects, and also to skin and mucous membrane irritation after local application. The recommended health-based maximum admissible concentration (MAC) for tributyltin compounds (IV) of 0.02 mg/m3 is based on the NOAEL value (0.16 mg/m2) derived from 4–5 weeksexperiment on rats, and relevant uncertainty factors. Inflammatory alterations in the respiratory tract and reduction in the number of lymphocytes in thymus, spleen and lymph nodes are the critical effects of these chemicals. No STEL and BEI values have been proposed. Moreover, “FT” (fetotoxic) and Sk (ab-sorption through the skin) notations are recommended.

Słowa kluczowe

PL

związki tributylocyny(IV); toksyczność wielonarządowa; NDS

EN

tributyltin compounds(IV); multiorgan toxicity; MAC (TWA)

• Wydawca: Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
• Czasopismo: Podstawy i Metody Oceny Środowiska Pracy
• Rocznik: 2011
• Tom: Nr 3 (69)
• Strony: 189--218
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 86 poz., rys., tab.

Twórcy

autor

Starek A

• Collegium Medicum Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego 30-688 Kraków ul. Medyczna 9

Bibliografia

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