Biomass as a major component of pellets

• Autorzy: Smaga M. , Wielgosiński G. , Kochański A. , Korczak K.
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

The article describes the quality parameters of the selected elements of biomass as a potential ecological biofuel. Several selected elements of a type of biomass were tested to determine the calorific value, humidity, content of sulfur and amount of ash produced in burning process. The concept of biomass and the legal aspects of its combustion are described. The research of biomass samples revealed that they may be turned into a high-energy, ecologically solid biofuel. Production of biofuel from the tested biomass does not require any additional binders. Studies have shown that the tested material can also act as a component of composite pellets. The quality parameters of such pellets can be determined with the composite calculator that is described in this article. The article also describes the technical aspects of the pellet production line, which should be applied to produce good-quality pellets from the tested types of biomass.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

biomass; bio-waste; pellet; composite calculator; pellet production lines

PL

biomasa; bioodpady; linie do produkcji pelletów

• Wydawca: Centrum Badań i Innowacji Pro-Akademia ; Ukrainian Academy of Sciences - Research and Development Centre for Industrial Problems of Development
• Czasopismo: Acta Innovations
• Rocznik: 2018
• Tom: no. 26
• Strony: 81--92
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 57 poz., il.

Twórcy

autor

Smaga M.

• Research and Innovation Centre Pro-Akademia Innowacyjna 9/11, 95-050 Konstantynów Łódzki, Poland

autor

Wielgosiński G.

• Lodz University of Technology, Faculty of Process and Environmental Engineering, Wólczańska 213, 90-924 Lódź, Poland

autor

Kochański A.

• Research and Innovation Centre Pro-Akademia Innowacyjna 9/11, 95-050 Konstantynów Łódzki, Poland

autor

Korczak K.

• Research and Innovation Centre Pro-Akademia
• Warsaw University of Technology, Faculty of Power and Aeronautical Engineering, Institute of Heat Engineering Nowowiejska 21/25, 00-665 Warszawa, Poland

Bibliografia

• [1] Act dated December 14, 2012 on waste (Journal of Laws of 2013. item 21, 888, 1238, of 2014 item 695, 1101, 1322, of 2015 item 87, 122, 933, 1045, 1688, 1936, 2281).
• [2] The Act of 25 August 2006 on biocomponents and liquid biofuels (consolidated text Journal of Laws of 2015, item 775, amendments in the Journal of Laws of 2016, item 266, 1165).
• [3] Regulation of the Minister of Economy on the detailed scope of obligations for the obtainment and presentation for remission of certificates of origin, payment of the substitute fee, purchase of electricity and heat generated from renewable energy sources and the obligation to confirm the data concerning the amount of electricity generated from a renewable energy source (Journal of Laws of 2012. Item 1229 of 2013 item 1362, of 2014 item 1688, 671, 1912).
• [4] Regulation of the Minister of Environment of 4 November 2014 on emission standards for certain types of installations, sources of combustion of fuels and equipment for incineration or co-incineration of waste (Journal of Laws of 2014, item 1546).
• [5] Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council 2010/75/EU of 24 November 2010 on industrial emissions (integrated pollution prevention and control) (Official Journal of the EU L 334 of 17.12.2010, 17-119).
• [6] Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council 2009/28/EC of 23 April 2009 on the promotion of the use of energy from renewable sources and amending and subsequently repealing Directives 2001/77/EC and 2003/30/EC (Official Journal of the EU L 140 of 05.06.2009, 16-62).
• [7] Regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council No 1069/2009 laying down health rules as regards animal by-products and derived products not intended for human consumption and repealing Regulation (EC) No 1774/2002 (Animal by-products Regulation) (Official Journal of the EU L 300 of 14.11.2009, 1-33, as amended).
• [8] Regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council No 1099/2008 of 22 October 2008 on energy statistics (Official Journal of the EU L 304 of 14.11.2008, 1-62).
• [9] I. Niedziółka, M. Szpryngiel, M. Kachel-Jakubowska, A. Kraszkiewicz, K. Zawiślak, P. Sobczak, R. Nadulski, Assessment of the energetic and mechanical properties of pellets produced from agricultural biomass, Renewable Energy 2015, 76, 312-317.
• [10] S. Obidziński, Pelletization of biomass waste with potato pulp content, International Agrophysics, Volume 28, Issue 1, 85–91.
• [11] S. Obidziński, J. Piekut, D. Dec, The influence of potato pulp content on the properties of pellets from buckwheat hulls, Renewable Energy 2016, 87, 289-297.
• [12] Mariusz J. Stolarski, Stefan Szczukowski, Józef Tworkowski, Michał Krzyżaniak, Paweł Gulczyński, Mirosław Mleczek, Comparison of quality and production cost of briquettes made from agricultural and forest origin biomass, In Renewable Energy, Volume 57, 2013, Pages 20-26.
• [13] Agnieszka Kijo-Kleczkowska, Katarzyna Środa, Monika Kosowska-Golachowska, Tomasz Musiał, Krzysztof Wolski, Combustion of pelleted sewage sludge with reference to coal and biomass, In Fuel, Volume 170, 2016, Pages 141-160.
• [14] Agnieszka Kijo-Kleczkowska, Katarzyna Środa, Monika Kosowska-Golachowska, Tomasz Musiał, Krzysztof Wolski, Experimental research of sewage sludge with coal and biomass co-combustion, in pellet form, In Waste Management, Volume 53, 2016, Pages 165-181.
• [15] Ciesielczuk, T. , Karwaczyńska, U. , Sporek, M., The Possibility of Disposing of Spent Coffee Ground With Energy Recycling, Journal of Ecological Engineering, 2015, Vol. 16, 133--138.
• [16] Wojciech Cichy, Magdalena Witczak, Małgorzata Walkowiak, Fuel Properties of Woody Biomass from Pruning Operations in Fruit Orchards, BioResources, 2017, Vol. 12, 6458-6470.
• [17] M. Parikka, Global biomass fuel resources, Biomass and Bioenergy, 2004, 27, 613-620.
• [18] British Petroleum, BP Statistical Review of World Energy, London, June 2015.
• [19] R. Slade, R. Saunders, R. Gross, A. Bauen, Energy from biomass: the size of the global resource, Imperial College Centre for Energy Policy and Technology and UK Energy Research Centre, London, 2011.
• [20] World Energy Council, World Energy Issues Monitor, London, 2014.
• [21] Central Statistical Office, Statistical Yearbook of Environmental Protection, Warsaw 2015.
• [22] G. Wielgosiński, Pollutant Formation in Combustion Processes. - in: Advances in Chemical Engineering, Zeeshan Nawaz & Shahid Naveed (Ed.), InTech Rijeka 2012, 295-324.
• [23] H.L. Chum, R.P. Overend, Biomass and renewable fuels, Fuel Processing Technology 2001, 71, 187-195.
• [24] L.I. Darvell, J.M. Jones, B. Gudka, X.C. Baxter, A. Saddawi, A. Williams, A. Malmgren, Combustion properties of some power station biomass fuels, Fuel 2010, 89, 2881-2890.
• [25] S.V. Vassilev, D. Baxter, L.K. Andersen, C.G. Vassileva, T.J. Morgan, An overview of the organic and inorganic phase composition of biomass, Fuel 2012, 94, 1-33.
• [26] S.V. Vassilev, C.G. Vassileva, V.S. Vassilev, Advantages and disadvantages of composition and properties of biomass in comparison with coal: An overview, Fuel 2015, 158, 330-350.
• [27] A. Demirbas, Combustion characteristics of different biomass fuels, Progress in Energy and Combustion Science 2004, 30, 219-230.
• [28] B.M. Jenkins, L.L. Baxter, Jr.T.R. Miles, T.R. Miles, Combustion properties of biomass, Fuel Processing Technology 1998, 54, 17-46.
• [29] A.M. Kanury, Combustion characteristics of biomass fuels, Combustion Science and Technology 1994, 97, 469-491.
• [30] H. Heykiri-Acma, Combustion characteristics of different biomass materials, Energy Conversion Management 2003, 44, 155-162.
• [31] R. van den Broek, A. Faaij, A.D. van Wijk, Biomass combustion for power generation, Biomass and Bioenergy 1996, 11, 271-281.
• [32] C. Yin, L.A. Rosendahl, S.K. Kær, Grate firing of biomass for heat and power production, Progress in Energy and Combustion Science 2008, 34, 725-754.
• [33] A.A Kahn, W. de Jong, P.J. Jansens, H. Spliethoff, Biomass combustion in fluidized bed boilers: potential problems and remedies, Fuel Processing Technology 2009, 90, 21-50.
• [34] D.I. Barnes, Understanding pulverised coal, biomass and waste combustion – A brief overview, Applied Thermal Engineering 2015, 74, 89-95.
• [35] D.A. Tillman, Biomass cofiring: the technology, the experience, the contribution consequences, Biomass and Bioenergy 2000, 19, 365-384.
• [36] R. Garcia, C. Pizarro, A. Alvarez, A.G. Lavin, J.L. Bueno, Study of biomass combustion wastes, Fuel 2015, 148, 152-159.
• [37] A. Demirbas, Sustainable cofiring of biomass with coal, Energy Conservation and Management 2003, 44, 1465-1479.
• [38] M. Sami, K. Annamalai, M. Wooldridge, A review of cofiring of coal: bio-solid fuels cofiring, Progress in Energy and Combustion Science 2001, 27, 171-214.
• [39] L. Baxter, Biomass-coal co-combustion: opportunity for affordable renewable energy, Fuel 2005, 84, 1295-1302.
• [40] S.G. Sahu, N. Chakraborty, P. Sarkar, Coal-biomass co-combustion: An overview, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 2014, 575-586.
• [41] E.A. Sondreal, S.A. Benson, J.P. Hurley, M.D. Mann, J.H. Pavlish, M.L. Swanson, Review of advances in combustion technology and biomass cofiring, Fuel Processing Technology 2001, 71, 7-38.
• [42] T. Nussbaumer, Combustion and co-combustion of biomass: fundamentals, technologies and primary measures for emission reduction, Energy and Fuels 2003, 17, 1510-1521.
• [43] E. Hughes, Biomass co-firing: economics, policy and opportunities, Biomass Bioenergy 2000, 19, 457-65.
• [44] J.M. Jones, A.R. Lae-Langton, L. Ma, M. Pourkashanian, A. Williams, Pollutants generated by combustion of solid biomass fuels, Springer Verlag London 2014.
• [45] P. Samaras, G. Skodras, G.P. Sakellaropoulos, M. Blumenstock, K.W. Schramm, A. Kettrup, Toxic emission during co-combustion of biomass-waste wood-lignite blends in an industrial boiler, Chemosphere 2001, 43, 751-755.
• [46] J.M. Williams, L.M. Jones, M. Pourkashanian, Pollutants from the combustion of solid biomass fuels, Progress in Energy and Combustion Science 2012, 38, 113-137.
• [47] M. Cerqueira, L. Gomes, L. Tarelho, C. Pio, Formaldehyde and acetaldehyde emissions from residential wood combustion in Portugal, Atmospheric Environment 2013, 72, 171-176.
• [48] A. Musialik-Piotrowska, W. Kordylewski, J. Ciołek, K. Mościcki, Characteristics of air pollutants emitter from biomass combustion in small retort boiler, Environment Protection Engineering 2010, 36, 123-131.
• [49] A. Demirbas, Hazardous Emissions from Combustion of Biomass, Energy Sources, Part A 2008, 30, 170-178.
• [50] C.K.W. Ndiema, F.M. Mpendazoe, A. Williams, Emission of pollutants from a biomass stove, Energy Conversion and Management 1998, 39, 1357-1367.
• [51] E.D. Lavric, A.A. Konnov, J. De Ruyck, Dioxin levels in wood combustion – a review, Biomass Bioenergy 2004, 26, 115-145.
• [52] B. Schatowitz, G. Brandt, F. Gafner, E. Schlumpf, R. Bühler, P. Hasler, T. Nussbaumer, Dioxin emissions from wood combustion, Chemosphere 1994, 29, 2005-2013.
• [53] G. Wielgosiński, P. Łechtańska, O. Namiecińska, Emission of some pollutants from biomass combustion in comparison to hard coal combustion, Journal of the Energy Institute 2016, 89, in press.
• [54] J. Morell, K. Hill, All About Pellet Stoves, This Old House Magazine, 2012.
• [55] P. Frederick, 2012 VT Wood Chip & Pellet Heating Conference, Biomass Energy Resource Center, January 2012.
• [56] R. Fuller, Pelleting Process, University of Illinois, December 2011.
• [57] Wood pellets standard EN 14961-2.

Uwagi

Opracowanie rekordu w ramach umowy 509/P-DUN/2018 ze środków MNiSW przeznaczonych na działalność upowszechniającą naukę (2018).