Izocyjanian metylu

• Autorzy: Soćko R. , Czerczak S.

Warianty tytułu

EN

Methyl isocyanate

• Języki publikacji: PL

Abstrakty

PL

Izocyjanian metylu (MIC) jest lotną, bezbarwną cieczą o ostrym, nieprzyjemnym zapachu, którą stosuje się głównie do syntezy insektycydów i herbicydów z grupy metylokarbaminianów, pianek poliuretanowych oraz tworzyw sztucznych. Izocyjanian metylu ze względu na dużą reaktywność oraz lotność nie jest transportowany do innych zakładów, lecz jest wykorzystywany w miejscu jego produkcji. Izocyjanian metylu w warunkach przemysłowych wchłania się do organizmu przede wszystkim drogą inhalacyjną i przez skórę. Izocyjanian metylu zaklasyfikowano jako produkt: działający bardzo toksycznie przez drogi oddechowe, działający toksycznie w kontakcie ze skórą i po połknięciu, działający drażniąco na drogi oddechowe i skórę, mogący powodować poważne uszkodzenia oczu oraz uczulenie w następstwie naraże-nia drogą oddechową i w kontakcie ze skórą, a także mogący szkodliwie działać na funkcje rozrodcze człowieka.

EN

Methyl isocyanate is a volatile, colorless liquid with a sharp, unpleasant odor. It has been used in industry primarily as a chemical intermediate in the production of a wide variety of insecticides and herbicides and, to a lesser extent, in the production of polyurethane foams and plastics. Methyl isocyanate has been assessed as very toxic by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed and it is also a severe eye irritant with risk of serious damage to eyes. It is respiratory system and skin irritant too and it is sensitizer for skin and respiratory system. Reproductive toxicity was observed among women to methyl isocyanate. Humans exposed acutely by inhalation to methyl isocyanate may experience long-term (as well as immediate) damage to pulmonary and extrapulmonary systems. The lung is probably the critical target organ for long-term effects from acute exposure, although adverse effects on other organs (e.g., eye, reproductive, and gastrointestinal) also exist. The late responses to the acute exposure suggest an immunological component, which could involve several systems including lung, eye, liver, and kidney. In setting the MAC value of methyl isocyanate, the results of an acute irritation study (RD50 concentration which produces a 50% reduction in breath rate in mice exposed for 10 min. was 3,05 mg/m3) was considered. According to the above data, the MAC value for methyl isocyanate was established at 0,03 mg/m3 (0,01 RD50) and the value of STEL at 0,047 mg/m3. Additional notations methyl isocyanate are Sk – a substancje chich can be absorber through skin and I – an irritating substancje.

Słowa kluczowe

PL

izocyjanian metylu; narażenie zawodowe; najwyższe dopuszczalne stężenie; środowisko pracy

EN

methyl isocyanate; occupational exposure; maximum admissible concentration; working environment

• Wydawca: Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
• Czasopismo: Podstawy i Metody Oceny Środowiska Pracy
• Rocznik: 2011
• Tom: Nr 2 (68)
• Strony: 93--116
• Opis fizyczny: Bibliogr. 67 poz., tab.

Twórcy

autor

Soćko R.

• Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dr. med. Jerzego Nofera 91-348 Łódź ul. św. Teresy od Dzieciątka Jezus 8

autor

Czerczak S.

• Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dr. med. Jerzego Nofera 91-348 Łódź ul. św. Teresy od Dzieciątka Jezus 8

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